【摘要】：奧巴馬上臺(tái)以來,中美關(guān)系可謂是跌宕起伏。上臺(tái)初期,由于美國深受經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的影響,國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展滯后,國內(nèi)就業(yè)率不斷下降,因此,奧巴馬政府需要中國的幫助和支持,積極發(fā)展同中國的雙邊關(guān)系,兩國開局良好。然而,一年之后,奧巴馬迫于國內(nèi)的壓力和中期選舉,調(diào)整了對(duì)華策略,由原先的接觸策略轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槎糁撇呗?體現(xiàn)出美國對(duì)華政策的“兩面性”�？傊�,奧巴馬對(duì)華政策就是“接觸”與“遏制”相結(jié)合的特點(diǎn)。 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義理論是國際關(guān)系理論中生命力最長,影響力最大的理論之一。現(xiàn)實(shí)主義理論的兩個(gè)重要要素“權(quán)力”和“國家利益”對(duì)一個(gè)國家的對(duì)外政策具有決定性作用,一國對(duì)外政策的制定是圍繞國家利益展開的,同時(shí),在實(shí)現(xiàn)國家利益的過程中,必須要以擁有一定的權(quán)力為后盾。奧巴馬政府的對(duì)華政策就是以這兩個(gè)要素為依據(jù),在執(zhí)政過程中及時(shí)調(diào)整對(duì)華策略。 本文從現(xiàn)實(shí)主義角度解讀奧巴馬政府的對(duì)華政策,共分為四個(gè)部分。第一個(gè)部分主要是簡(jiǎn)單的論述了現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的確立和發(fā)展。第二個(gè)部分是闡述了奧巴馬上臺(tái)以來的總體對(duì)華政策。第三個(gè)部分就是用現(xiàn)實(shí)主義理論來解釋奧巴馬對(duì)華政策波動(dòng)的根本原因。最后一部分提出了面對(duì)奧巴馬政府對(duì)華政策“兩面性”的態(tài)度,中國應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對(duì)。 總之,不管奧巴馬政府上臺(tái)之時(shí)對(duì)中國的態(tài)度有多么積極,這都不可能是長期的。美國任何一屆政府的對(duì)華政策都不可能出現(xiàn)太大的變動(dòng),總體就是需要中國的支持時(shí),就向中國示好;需要借助中國來緩和國內(nèi)壓力時(shí),就在中美敏感問題上大作文章,影響中美關(guān)系。但是,我們也可以看到,中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展勢(shì)頭是良好的,總的大方向還是合作多于遏制。
[Abstract]:Since Obama came to power, the relationship between China and the United States has been ups and downs. At the early stage of taking office, because the United States was deeply affected by the economic crisis, the domestic economic development lagged behind, and the domestic employment rate continued to decline, the Obama administration needed China's help and support to actively develop bilateral relations with China, and the two countries had a good start. However, a year later, under domestic pressure and mid-term elections, Obama adjusted his strategy toward China from the original engagement strategy to a containment strategy, reflecting the "dual character" of the United States' China policy. In short, Obama's China policy is a combination of engagement and containment. Realism is one of the most influential theories in the theory of international relations. The two important elements of realism theory "power" and "national interest" play a decisive role in a country's foreign policy. The formulation of a country's foreign policy is carried out around the national interest, and at the same time, in the process of realizing the national interest, Must be backed by a certain amount of power. The Obama administration's China policy is based on these two elements and adjusts its China strategy in time. This article interprets the Obama administration's China policy from the realistic angle, altogether divides into four parts. The first part mainly discusses the establishment and development of realism. The second part describes Obama's overall China policy since he took office. The third part is the theory of realism to explain the fundamental reasons for the volatility of Obama's China policy. In the last part, the author points out how China should deal with the two-sided attitude of the Obama administration towards China. In short, no matter how positive the Obama administration was towards China when it came to power, it is unlikely to be long-term. It is unlikely that there will be too much change in the policy toward China of any of the US administrations. In general, when China's support is needed, it will show goodwill to China. When it is necessary to resort to China to ease domestic pressure, it will make a great contribution on sensitive issues between China and the United States. Affect the relationship between China and the United States. However, we can also see that the development momentum of Sino-US relations is good, and the overall direction of cooperation is more than containment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D871.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張帆;奧巴馬首次訪華演講的評(píng)價(jià)性分析[D];河北師范大學(xué);2012年

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