【摘要】：本文以1945年至1961年為大體時間范圍,研究戰(zhàn)后美國對阿爾巴尼亞外交奉行的遏制政策,主要分析遏制政策的形成、基本邏輯和要素及其走向。認為美國對阿爾巴尼亞遏制政策,是這一期間冷戰(zhàn)格局之下美國實施與蘇聯(lián)對抗和“遏制共產(chǎn)主義”總戰(zhàn)略目標的必然產(chǎn)物�！叭蛑髁x”視野下的美國國家利益和意識形態(tài)的強烈排它性是其政策支點。利用阿同鄰國存在的領土、民族問題上的矛盾,實施外部干涉;扶持阿流亡分子和反對派勢力,進行滲透和內(nèi)部顛覆活動;進行經(jīng)濟封鎖和外交孤立等,是實施遏制政策的基本要素。從1950年代中后期起,美國對阿政策的重心轉(zhuǎn)移,明確以“和平演變”為目標,但是美對阿政策在其遏制本質(zhì)上,始終保持連續(xù)性,美阿之間的冷戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)并沒有改變。這一期間,美國和阿爾巴尼亞的關系,既具有美國和原蘇東社會主義國家關系的一般特征,又體現(xiàn)出特殊的豐富性和復雜性。到目前為止,國內(nèi)學術界對美國和阿爾巴尼亞外交關系缺乏專題的系統(tǒng)的著述,大多在論述美國和蘇聯(lián)東歐國家外交關系時有所提及。本文的內(nèi)容在外交史和外交政策研究方面,具有一定的學術探索意義。
[Abstract]:Taking 1945 and 1961 as the general time range, this paper studies the containment policy pursued by the United States towards Albania after the war, and mainly analyzes the formation, basic logic, elements and trend of the containment policy. It is believed that the containment policy of the United States towards Albania is the inevitable outcome of the overall strategic objective of the United States in carrying out confrontation with the Soviet Union and "containing communism" under the cold war pattern during this period. The strong exclusiveness of American national interest and ideology in the view of globalism is the fulcrum of American policy. Taking advantage of the territorial and ethnic contradictions with neighbouring countries to carry out external interference; supporting exiles and opposition forces in Afghanistan to carry out infiltration and internal subversion activities; and carrying out economic blockades and diplomatic isolation, etc. Is the basic element of carrying out the policy of containment. Since the middle and late 1950s, the focus of American policy on Afghanistan has been shifted to the goal of "peaceful evolution", but the nature of its containment has always maintained continuity, and the Cold War state between the United States and Afghanistan has not changed. During this period, the relations between the United States and Albania had not only the general characteristics of the relations between the United States and the former Soviet and Eastern socialist countries, but also the special richness and complexity. Up to now, most of the systematic writings on the lack of special topics on the diplomatic relations between the United States and Albania have been mentioned in the discussion of diplomatic relations between the United States and the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries. The content of this paper is of academic significance in the research of diplomatic history and foreign policy.
【學位授予單位】：中國社會科學院研究生院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D871.2

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