國際貨幣基金組織改革及中國對策
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-27 17:25
【摘要】：國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)是當(dāng)今所有國際金融組織當(dāng)中規(guī)模最大、成員最多、影響最為廣泛的國際組織。隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)格局的不斷變化以及國際金融海嘯的巨大的破壞性作用,IMF的成員國對IMF的內(nèi)部權(quán)力的分配以及IMF“救火”能力欠佳以及無以“防火”的做法越來越不滿。本文將從IMF投票權(quán)和份額、組織機(jī)構(gòu)、特別提款權(quán)、監(jiān)督以及IMF內(nèi)部西方國家的權(quán)力過重入手,指出IMF內(nèi)部投票權(quán)和份額計(jì)算必須重新分配,需要多數(shù)票通過的事項(xiàng)必須調(diào)整;組織機(jī)構(gòu)的調(diào)整必須更加注重發(fā)展中國聲音的表達(dá),在執(zhí)行董事會(huì)上,必須給予欠發(fā)達(dá)國家更多的席位; 在特別提款權(quán)方面,由于主權(quán)國家貨幣不可克服的固有缺陷,造成了國際貨幣體系的嚴(yán)重動(dòng)蕩,要建立一種確保價(jià)值穩(wěn)定的國際儲(chǔ)備貨幣;在貸款方面,對發(fā)展中國家的貸款限制條件以及促進(jìn)危機(jī)化解和解除的藥方脫離發(fā)展中國家的實(shí)際;在監(jiān)督方面, IMF對發(fā)達(dá)國家的監(jiān)管嚴(yán)重缺失,使得IMF的危機(jī)救援活動(dòng)往往滯后,無法事前預(yù)警。中國作為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體,在IMF的改革中必須發(fā)揮重要作用,努力的方向主要包括:在IMF內(nèi)調(diào)整份額計(jì)算結(jié)構(gòu)和計(jì)算公式;確保特別提款權(quán)幣值穩(wěn)定,支持其成為國際儲(chǔ)備貨幣;推動(dòng)建立公平、公正、包容有序的國際貨幣體系,支持IMF對發(fā)達(dá)國家加強(qiáng)金融監(jiān)管和監(jiān)督,防范系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn),引進(jìn)中央對手交易,加強(qiáng)對國際三大信用評級機(jī)構(gòu)的監(jiān)督,保證其獨(dú)立性;支持發(fā)展中國家在IMF中獲得更大的話語權(quán),擴(kuò)大IMF的代表性,增強(qiáng)發(fā)展中國家的之間的合作,通過貨幣互換等雙邊或者多邊的合作增強(qiáng)發(fā)展中國家集體行動(dòng)的效率。
[Abstract]:The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the largest and most influential international financial organization. With the changing world economy and the devastating effects of the international financial tsunami, the IMF members are increasingly dissatisfied with the distribution of power within the IMF, the poor ability of the IMF to "fight fire" and the lack of "fire prevention". This paper will start with the voting rights and shares of IMF, organization, SDR, supervision and the excessive power of western countries within IMF, and point out that the voting rights and share calculation of IMF must be redistributed, and the items that need to be adopted by majority vote must be adjusted. The restructuring of the organization must pay more attention to the voice of developing countries, to the executive board, to more seats for less developed countries, and in the case of special drawing rights, due to the inherent shortcomings of sovereign currencies, Causing serious instability in the international monetary system, creating an international reserve currency that ensures stability in value; in terms of lending, Lending restrictions on developing countries and prescriptions to promote crisis resolution and resolution are divorced from the reality of developing countries. In terms of supervision, the IMF's serious lack of supervision over developed countries often makes IMF's crisis relief activities lag behind. There is no advance warning. As the second largest economy in the world, China must play an important role in the reform of the IMF. The main directions of its efforts include: adjusting the structure and formula for calculating shares within the IMF; and ensuring the stability of the value of the special drawing rights (SDR) currency. To support it as an international reserve currency; to promote a fair, equitable, inclusive and orderly international monetary system; to support the IMF in strengthening financial supervision and supervision over developed countries; to guard against systemic financial risks; and to introduce central counterparty transactions, Strengthening supervision of the three major international credit rating agencies to ensure their independence, supporting developing countries to gain a greater voice in the IMF, expanding the representation of the IMF, and enhancing cooperation among developing countries, Enhance the effectiveness of collective action by developing countries through bilateral or multilateral cooperation such as currency swaps.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D813.7
本文編號：2148597
[Abstract]:The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the largest and most influential international financial organization. With the changing world economy and the devastating effects of the international financial tsunami, the IMF members are increasingly dissatisfied with the distribution of power within the IMF, the poor ability of the IMF to "fight fire" and the lack of "fire prevention". This paper will start with the voting rights and shares of IMF, organization, SDR, supervision and the excessive power of western countries within IMF, and point out that the voting rights and share calculation of IMF must be redistributed, and the items that need to be adopted by majority vote must be adjusted. The restructuring of the organization must pay more attention to the voice of developing countries, to the executive board, to more seats for less developed countries, and in the case of special drawing rights, due to the inherent shortcomings of sovereign currencies, Causing serious instability in the international monetary system, creating an international reserve currency that ensures stability in value; in terms of lending, Lending restrictions on developing countries and prescriptions to promote crisis resolution and resolution are divorced from the reality of developing countries. In terms of supervision, the IMF's serious lack of supervision over developed countries often makes IMF's crisis relief activities lag behind. There is no advance warning. As the second largest economy in the world, China must play an important role in the reform of the IMF. The main directions of its efforts include: adjusting the structure and formula for calculating shares within the IMF; and ensuring the stability of the value of the special drawing rights (SDR) currency. To support it as an international reserve currency; to promote a fair, equitable, inclusive and orderly international monetary system; to support the IMF in strengthening financial supervision and supervision over developed countries; to guard against systemic financial risks; and to introduce central counterparty transactions, Strengthening supervision of the three major international credit rating agencies to ensure their independence, supporting developing countries to gain a greater voice in the IMF, expanding the representation of the IMF, and enhancing cooperation among developing countries, Enhance the effectiveness of collective action by developing countries through bilateral or multilateral cooperation such as currency swaps.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D813.7
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，本文編號：2148597
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