從認知視角看正�；^程中的中英關系（1949-1972）
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-25 19:58
【摘要】：關于正�；^程的中英關系研究在學術界已經是一個老生常談的論題,在內容上已無法突破前人的研究范圍和框架。然而,本文從主觀認知(社會認知)角度又對該論題進行了重新梳理,文章大體結構主要分為四個部分,第一部分在對社會認知相關概念進行界定的同時,筆者還探討了社會認知與社會行為之間的關系,提出了“社會認知是社會行為的結果”的觀點,基于傳統的現實主義理論體系遭到質疑、相關學科和新興學科的發(fā)展和二戰(zhàn)后有關心理因素研究成果在人類學、社會學和經濟學大量出現,這三方面的影響,認知心理學在20世紀70年代廣泛地應用于國際關系領域的一些有爭論的領域,如國際危機、和平和國際談判等等,但最多應用于對外政策的決策分析上。 第二、三部分,筆者對中英關系正�；^程中英國的自我認知和對彼此的認知進行了深入的探討。就英國而言,雖然在二戰(zhàn)中損失慘重,但英國依然是一個大國,并且第一個建成福利國家,成為西方建設福利國家的典范,同時,為了與美蘇抗衡,英國積極的回歸歐洲,是歐洲的一員。對于新中國的認識,英國首先在法律上承認了中華人民共和國是中國唯一的合法政府,但是出于冷戰(zhàn)的考慮,又認為中國是必須遏制的對象,隨著六七十年代隨著國際形勢的變化,英國政府改變了對中國的敵對態(tài)度,把中國定位于“潛在的盟友”。而就中國而言,自誕生之日起,就受到兩種意識(民族主義和國家主權意識)的影響,因而在對英國的認識上也深深地打上這樣的烙印,認為英國是美帝國主義的走狗,六七十年代由于中蘇關系的惡化,出于戰(zhàn)略利益的考慮,中國領導人也改變的對英國的認識,認為英國是可以爭取的力量。正是由于兩國對彼此認知的變化,為兩國關系的正�；峁┝似鯔C。但必須指出的是這么說并不否認其他因素在正�；^程中的作用。第四部分筆者在制約中英關系正�；囊蛩刂刑暨x了一個具有代表性、典型性和持久性的問題—聯合國代表權問題作為案例,以中英兩國對該問題的認識為出發(fā)點,分析了兩國在不同時期主觀認識的變化過程,并揭示了兩國關系的互動與演變。 最后,筆者對全文做了簡短的總結,縱觀兩國相互認知的歷程,在以意識形態(tài)為斗爭旗幟的冷戰(zhàn)格局下,中英在正�；^程中的總體認知大致先后經歷了從非敵非友到善意友好,到敵對威脅再到友好的過程,而影響這種認識變化的因素卻是復雜的,有英國外交傳統的影響,也有新中國建國后國情的制約,當然也無法擺脫整個國際形勢變化的推動,比如在聯合國代表權問題上,筆者認為正是由于60年代不結盟運動與第三世界的興起,在影響英國對恢復新中國在聯合國代表權問題上的認識發(fā)揮了重要作用,從而推動了中英關系的發(fā)展�？傊�,對于中英正�；^程中的相互認知問題,內容涉及到方方面面。
[Abstract]:The study of Sino-British relations in the process of normalization has become a commonplace topic in academic circles and has failed to break through the scope and framework of previous studies in content. However, from the perspective of subjective cognition (social cognition), this paper reorganizes the thesis. The main structure of the article is divided into four parts. The first part defines the related concepts of social cognition at the same time. The author also discusses the relationship between social cognition and social behavior, and puts forward the view that social cognition is the result of social behavior. The impact of the development of related and emerging disciplines and the post-World War II research on psychological factors in anthropology, sociology and economics, Cognitive psychology was widely used in some controversial fields of international relations in the 1970s, such as international crisis, peace, international negotiation, etc. In the second and third parts, the author probes into the self-cognition and cognition of each other in the process of normalization of Sino-British relations. As far as Britain is concerned, although it suffered heavy losses in World War II, it was still a big country, and it was the first to build a welfare state in the West, and in order to compete with the United States and the Soviet Union, Britain actively returned to Europe. He is a member of Europe. Regarding the understanding of the new China, Britain first legally recognized the people's Republic of China as the sole legitimate government of China, but because of the considerations of the cold war, it also believed that China was the object that must be contained. As the international situation changed in the 1960s and 1970s, the British government changed its hostile attitude toward China, positioning China as a "potential ally." As far as China is concerned, since its birth, it has been influenced by two kinds of consciousness (nationalism and national sovereignty consciousness). Therefore, it has also deeply branded Britain as a running dog of US imperialism. In the 1960s and 1970s, due to the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations and the consideration of strategic interests, Chinese leaders also changed their understanding of Britain, believing that Britain was a force that could be won over. It is the change of cognition between the two countries that provides an opportunity for the normalization of relations between the two countries. It must be noted, however, that this does not deny the role of other factors in the normalization process. In the fourth part, the author selects a representative, typical and persistent issue, the representation of the United Nations, as a case, starting from the understanding of this issue between China and the United Kingdom, among the factors restricting the normalization of Sino-British relations. This paper analyzes the changing process of subjective cognition between the two countries in different periods, and reveals the interaction and evolution of the relationship between the two countries. Finally, the author makes a brief summary of the full text, looking at the process of mutual cognition between the two countries, under the Cold War pattern of ideology as the banner of struggle, In the process of normalization, the general cognition of China and Britain has experienced a process from non-enemy, non-friend, friendly to friendly, to hostile threat and then to friendliness. However, the factors influencing this change of cognition are complicated, influenced by the British diplomatic tradition. There are also constraints on China's national conditions after the founding of the people's Republic of China, and of course it is impossible to shake off the impetus of changes in the entire international situation. For example, on the issue of United Nations representation, I think it is precisely because of the rise of the Non-Aligned Movement and the third World Movement in the 1960s. It has played an important role in influencing Britain's understanding of the restoration of New China's representation in the United Nations, thus promoting the development of Sino-British relations. In a word, the mutual cognition in the process of normalization involves all aspects.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D829
本文編號：2144913
[Abstract]:The study of Sino-British relations in the process of normalization has become a commonplace topic in academic circles and has failed to break through the scope and framework of previous studies in content. However, from the perspective of subjective cognition (social cognition), this paper reorganizes the thesis. The main structure of the article is divided into four parts. The first part defines the related concepts of social cognition at the same time. The author also discusses the relationship between social cognition and social behavior, and puts forward the view that social cognition is the result of social behavior. The impact of the development of related and emerging disciplines and the post-World War II research on psychological factors in anthropology, sociology and economics, Cognitive psychology was widely used in some controversial fields of international relations in the 1970s, such as international crisis, peace, international negotiation, etc. In the second and third parts, the author probes into the self-cognition and cognition of each other in the process of normalization of Sino-British relations. As far as Britain is concerned, although it suffered heavy losses in World War II, it was still a big country, and it was the first to build a welfare state in the West, and in order to compete with the United States and the Soviet Union, Britain actively returned to Europe. He is a member of Europe. Regarding the understanding of the new China, Britain first legally recognized the people's Republic of China as the sole legitimate government of China, but because of the considerations of the cold war, it also believed that China was the object that must be contained. As the international situation changed in the 1960s and 1970s, the British government changed its hostile attitude toward China, positioning China as a "potential ally." As far as China is concerned, since its birth, it has been influenced by two kinds of consciousness (nationalism and national sovereignty consciousness). Therefore, it has also deeply branded Britain as a running dog of US imperialism. In the 1960s and 1970s, due to the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations and the consideration of strategic interests, Chinese leaders also changed their understanding of Britain, believing that Britain was a force that could be won over. It is the change of cognition between the two countries that provides an opportunity for the normalization of relations between the two countries. It must be noted, however, that this does not deny the role of other factors in the normalization process. In the fourth part, the author selects a representative, typical and persistent issue, the representation of the United Nations, as a case, starting from the understanding of this issue between China and the United Kingdom, among the factors restricting the normalization of Sino-British relations. This paper analyzes the changing process of subjective cognition between the two countries in different periods, and reveals the interaction and evolution of the relationship between the two countries. Finally, the author makes a brief summary of the full text, looking at the process of mutual cognition between the two countries, under the Cold War pattern of ideology as the banner of struggle, In the process of normalization, the general cognition of China and Britain has experienced a process from non-enemy, non-friend, friendly to friendly, to hostile threat and then to friendliness. However, the factors influencing this change of cognition are complicated, influenced by the British diplomatic tradition. There are also constraints on China's national conditions after the founding of the people's Republic of China, and of course it is impossible to shake off the impetus of changes in the entire international situation. For example, on the issue of United Nations representation, I think it is precisely because of the rise of the Non-Aligned Movement and the third World Movement in the 1960s. It has played an important role in influencing Britain's understanding of the restoration of New China's representation in the United Nations, thus promoting the development of Sino-British relations. In a word, the mutual cognition in the process of normalization involves all aspects.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D829
【引證文獻】
相關期刊論文 前1條
1 蘭杰;羅蓉;;英國主流媒體對中國形象的認識[J];湖北社會科學;2013年08期
，本文編號：2144913
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