【摘要】：在信息傳播全球化時(shí)代，國(guó)家形象受到前所未有的關(guān)注，各國(guó)政府高度重視本國(guó)的形象，相關(guān)研究更是成為一門“顯學(xué)”。既有研究大多認(rèn)為形象是主客體間反映與被反映關(guān)系，國(guó)家形象則是對(duì)一國(guó)客觀性存在的主觀評(píng)價(jià)，這種建立在本質(zhì)主義思維方法之上的國(guó)家形象概念存在解釋力不足的問(wèn)題。建構(gòu)主義理論認(rèn)為國(guó)家形象不是一個(gè)客觀既定的實(shí)在物或自我設(shè)定、建構(gòu)的人造物，而是一國(guó)在與它國(guó)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)交往互動(dòng)過(guò)程中建構(gòu)起來(lái)的產(chǎn)物，其實(shí)質(zhì)是一種身份認(rèn)同關(guān)系而非國(guó)家綜合實(shí)力或其它物質(zhì)性的東西。國(guó)家形象是一種關(guān)系性概念，是國(guó)家在國(guó)際社會(huì)的交往互動(dòng)實(shí)踐中被對(duì)象國(guó)賦予的一種身份認(rèn)同。國(guó)家形象具有權(quán)力屬性，不同的國(guó)家形象可以提升或者消解國(guó)家權(quán)力，，同時(shí)，權(quán)力的行使方式和限度也會(huì)給國(guó)家形象造成積極或消極的雙重影響。國(guó)際形象還具有利益屬性，它既是實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家利益的手段，又是國(guó)家利益的重要組成部分。國(guó)家形象和國(guó)家利益在某些情況下可能發(fā)生沖突，應(yīng)堅(jiān)持國(guó)家形象建構(gòu)服從國(guó)家整體和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益的原則。要建構(gòu)和提升國(guó)家形象，必須把握國(guó)家形象的形成規(guī)律，其根本途徑在于優(yōu)化國(guó)家間的交往互動(dòng)模式。只有遵循審慎的權(quán)力與明智的利益兩條基本原則，并將其貫徹到國(guó)家間的直接交往與通過(guò)大眾傳播媒介的間接互動(dòng)的實(shí)踐中去，才能有效提升國(guó)家形象。
[Abstract]:In the era of globalization of information dissemination, the national image has been paid more attention than ever. The governments of various countries attach great importance to their own image, and the related research has become a "prominent study". Most of the existing studies hold that the image is the relationship between the subject and the object, and the national image is the subjective evaluation of the objective existence of a country. This concept of national image, which is based on the essentialism thinking method, has the problem of insufficient explanatory power. The theory of constructivism holds that the image of a country is not an objective and established reality or an artifact that is constructed by itself, but rather a product of a country's long-term continuous interaction with other countries. Its essence is a kind of identity relationship rather than a state comprehensive strength or other material things. National image is a kind of relational concept, and it is a kind of identity given by the target country in the interaction practice of international society. The national image has the attribute of power, different national image can promote or eliminate the state power, at the same time, the way and limit of power exercise will cause positive or negative double influence to the national image. The international image also has the benefit attribute, it is not only the means to realize the national interest, but also the important part of the national interest. The national image and national interest may conflict under certain circumstances, so we should adhere to the principle that the national image should be constructed from the whole and the long-term interests of the country. In order to construct and promote the national image, we must grasp the law of the formation of the national image, and the fundamental way is to optimize the interaction mode between countries. Only by following the two basic principles of prudent power and wise interest and applying them to the practice of direct communication between countries and indirect interaction through the mass media can the image of the country be effectively enhanced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D80

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