本文選題：黎庶昌 + 球案　； 參考：《福建師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：黎庶昌是晚清唯一一位兩次出使日本的使臣,分別擔(dān)任第二屆(1881-1884年)、第四屆(1887-1890年)駐日大臣,是清末中日琉球問題談判的重要代表人物,駐日期間對“球案”的后續(xù)交涉做出了具有非常意義的努力。黎庶昌赴日后首先解決“球案”問題,后來隨著朝鮮問題的凸顯,其對日外交交涉的內(nèi)容發(fā)生了很大的改變,由專論“球案”轉(zhuǎn)為琉球、朝鮮兩大問題的交涉。此間,黎庶昌的“球案”解決方案不斷發(fā)生變化,由最初的“存球祀”變成琉球·朝鮮交換論,再到第二次離任前夕提出的聯(lián)日制俄。黎庶昌“球案”解決方案不斷變化的背后則是反映出迅速崛起的日本對中國宗藩體制發(fā)出的凌厲挑戰(zhàn)；俄國對中國的覬覦及施壓；附屬國朝鮮與清廷關(guān)系的漸遠(yuǎn)等中國外交面臨的險(xiǎn)惡處境,揭示了由于清國政府內(nèi)部對琉球、朝鮮政策的分歧所造成外交政策上的搖擺不定,使得清廷在外交事務(wù)的處理和應(yīng)對中處于被動和不利地位。在此種情況下,中國在“球案”博弈中外交失敗是不可避免的�？v然黎庶昌有非凡的外交智慧和超人的眼見與膽識,也是無法阻止東亞傳統(tǒng)宗藩體制走向瓦解的趨勢。
[Abstract]:Li Shuchang was the only envoy to Japan twice in the late Qing Dynasty, serving as the second (1881-1884) and the fourth (1887-1890) minister in Japan respectively. He was an important representative of the Sino-Japanese Ryukyu negotiations in the late Qing Dynasty. During his stay in Japan, the follow-up to the ball case made a very significant effort. Li Shuchang first solved the "ball case" after he went to Japan. Later, with the highlight of the Korean issue, the content of his diplomatic negotiations with Japan changed greatly, from the "ball case" to the Ryukyu case, and the negotiations between the two major issues of the Democratic people's Republic of Korea (DPRK). During this period, Li's solution to the "ball case" was constantly changing, from the original "saving the ball sacrifice" to the Ryukyu North Korea exchange theory, and then to the joint Japanese system of Russia put forward on the eve of the second departure. Behind the changing solution of Li Su-chang 's "ball case" is the fierce challenge to the Chinese suzerain-vassal system from the rapidly rising Japan, Russia's coveting and exerting pressure on China; The distancing relations between the adjunct state of Korea and the Qing government and so on, such as the sinister situation facing China's diplomacy, reveal the foreign policy wobble caused by the internal differences of the Qing government towards Ryukyu and the Korean policy. The Qing court was in a passive and disadvantageous position in dealing with and coping with foreign affairs. In this case, China's diplomatic failure in the ball game is inevitable. Even though Li Chang had extraordinary diplomatic wisdom and superhuman vision and courage, he could not prevent the disintegration of the traditional suzerainty system in East Asia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D829.313

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