本文選題：中國和平發(fā)展 + 外部障礙�。� 參考：《東北大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國經(jīng)濟(jì)近年來的高速發(fā)展,尤其在后金融危機(jī)時代,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的優(yōu)良表現(xiàn),引起了世界范圍的關(guān)注。隨著發(fā)展的推進(jìn),我國政府將當(dāng)前及今后的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略確立為和平發(fā)展,即中國和平發(fā)展。然而在實現(xiàn)中國和平發(fā)展的具體實踐中,面臨諸多重大的外部障礙。這些重大障礙主要來源于美國與印度兩個方面,以及其他幾個具體方面。在美國積極推進(jìn)“重返亞洲”戰(zhàn)略,并通過離岸制衡戰(zhàn)略、巧地區(qū)機(jī)制及高技術(shù)出口管制來抑制中國崛起將造成的自身全球影響力的喪失和相對低位的下降。另一方面,印度作為亞洲地區(qū)同樣處于崛起地位的國家,與分享中國發(fā)展利益的同時,在美國離岸的扶植下,順利獲得了實際上的有核國家地位并大力擴(kuò)充軍備,制衡中國安全；并在邊界及西藏問題方面與中國產(chǎn)生爭端,干擾中國發(fā)展步調(diào)。印度民眾對華的持續(xù)消極態(tài)度,也將在未來長遠(yuǎn)影響印政府對華政策。除此,中國和平發(fā)展還將面臨著來自全球氣候變化等非傳統(tǒng)安全問題、半島安全局勢問題等帶來的障礙。 產(chǎn)生這些重大外部障礙的原因,主要包括現(xiàn)實因素和意識形態(tài)與理論因素兩個方面,現(xiàn)實因素方面包括權(quán)力、利益、國家實力、地區(qū)及國際影響、發(fā)展空間、國際負(fù)擔(dān)、當(dāng)前發(fā)展態(tài)勢、未來戰(zhàn)略意圖等；意識形態(tài)與理論方面則包括中國與其他國家間因意識形態(tài)差異存在諸多信息不對稱,因此造成了不信任和理解偏差,同時中國自身的理論發(fā)展也不夠成熟,導(dǎo)致不能充分有效的闡述本國相關(guān)發(fā)展理念及破除存在的誤解,甚至出現(xiàn)漏洞而被惡意利用。 破解這些重大障礙的策略主要包括中國自身決策的角度、處理國家間關(guān)系的角度以及本國理論發(fā)展的角度。首先要在政府各項有關(guān)決策中把握靈活性與長遠(yuǎn)性,參與國際事務(wù)應(yīng)該綜合考慮多方面因素,做到“量力而行”,而非事事竭力參與；對于與他國之間存在利益方面的結(jié)構(gòu)性差異,應(yīng)當(dāng)抓準(zhǔn)時機(jī),通過更為具有長遠(yuǎn)性的決策來彌合。同時在決策及外交行動,始終保持理性的自主,堅持應(yīng)對外部危機(jī)的自主性。其次,要做到在國際范圍內(nèi)要較強(qiáng)各方面的交流合作,并積極完善各項相關(guān)多邊機(jī)制。最后要加強(qiáng)本國理論的發(fā)展進(jìn)步,讓理論不僅能夠跟得上發(fā)展的步伐,更要有效的服務(wù)于中國和平發(fā)展這一重大實踐活動的順利推進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of Chinese economy in recent years, especially in the post-financial crisis era, the excellent performance of China's economy has attracted worldwide attention. With the advancement of development, the present and future development strategy of our government is established as peaceful development, that is, China's peaceful development. However, in the practice of realizing China's peaceful development, there are many major external obstacles. These major obstacles come mainly from the United States and India, as well as several other specific aspects. In the United States, the "pivot to Asia" strategy has been actively pursued, with offshore checks and balances, regional mechanisms and high-tech export controls to curb the loss of China's own global influence and relative low levels of decline as a result of China's rise. On the other hand, as a rising country in Asia, India, while sharing the benefits of China's development, has successfully gained the status of a de facto nuclear power and greatly expanded its armaments under the help of the United States offshore. Checks and balances China's security; and disputes with China over border and Tibet issues, disrupting China's pace of development. India's continued negative attitude toward China will also affect the Indian government's China policy in the long term. In addition, China's peaceful development will also face obstacles from non-traditional security issues such as global climate change and the security situation on the peninsula. The causes of these major external obstacles mainly include realistic factors and ideological and theoretical factors. Realistic factors include power, interests, national strength, regional and international influence, development space, and international burden. In terms of ideology and theory, there are many information asymmetries between China and other countries due to ideological differences, resulting in mistrust and misunderstandings. At the same time, the development of China's own theory is not mature enough, which leads to insufficient and effective elaboration of the relevant development concepts and the elimination of existing misunderstandings, and even loopholes are maliciously exploited. The strategies to solve these major obstacles include the angle of China's own decision-making, the angle of dealing with inter-state relations and the angle of the development of its own theory. First of all, we should grasp the flexibility and the long-term nature in the relevant decision-making of the government. To participate in international affairs, we should consider various factors synthetically and do the best we can, instead of trying our best to participate in everything. For the structural differences of interests with other countries, we should grasp the right time and make more long-term decisions to bridge them. At the same time, in decision-making and diplomatic action, always maintain rational autonomy, adhere to the autonomy to deal with external crises. Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen exchanges and cooperation in various fields at the international level and to actively improve relevant multilateral mechanisms. Finally, it is necessary to strengthen the development and progress of domestic theories so that they can not only keep up with the pace of development, but also effectively serve the smooth advancement of this important practical activity of China's peaceful development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D820

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