本文選題：美印核協(xié)議 + 核不擴(kuò)散�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 美印核協(xié)議的簽訂生效標(biāo)志著美印雙邊關(guān)系的進(jìn)一步提升。美國(guó)政府推進(jìn)與印度的核合作,主要出于五方面考慮：首先,該協(xié)議有利于將印度納入國(guó)際核不擴(kuò)散機(jī)制之內(nèi),對(duì)防止印度橫向核擴(kuò)散有積極意義；其次,有利于減輕印度在全球能源市場(chǎng)與美國(guó)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng),減少印度對(duì)伊朗、蘇丹、委內(nèi)瑞拉及緬甸等與美國(guó)對(duì)立的國(guó)家的能源依賴；第三,有利于美國(guó)開(kāi)拓印度的核能市場(chǎng)及軍火市場(chǎng),為美國(guó)企業(yè)帶來(lái)豐厚的經(jīng)濟(jì)收益；第四,有利于幫助印度崛起,擴(kuò)大民主國(guó)家在全球的影響力；第五,有利于聯(lián)合印度,實(shí)施其制衡中國(guó)的戰(zhàn)略。然而該協(xié)議的簽署也引發(fā)了美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)反擴(kuò)散人士的質(zhì)疑,他們認(rèn)為美國(guó)開(kāi)放對(duì)印核貿(mào)易,一方面會(huì)提升印度的核彈生產(chǎn)能力,為核擴(kuò)散埋下隱患；另一方面也會(huì)引發(fā)巴基斯坦、伊朗、朝鮮等國(guó)家的不滿,引發(fā)印巴核競(jìng)賽,增加伊朗核問(wèn)題、朝鮮核問(wèn)題解決的難度；此外,也可能增加恐怖分子利用和獲取核燃料制造恐怖武器的途徑,增加恐怖分子進(jìn)行恐怖襲擊的目標(biāo)。但在國(guó)內(nèi)眾多力量的推動(dòng)下,該協(xié)議最終還是在美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)得到了通過(guò)。印度推進(jìn)該協(xié)議是因?yàn)椋好烙『藚f(xié)議的實(shí)施,將使印度更加方便快捷的獲得緊缺的核燃料、先進(jìn)的核技術(shù),大大提升印度的核能利用水平；同時(shí),該協(xié)議的簽署也是對(duì)印度大國(guó)地位的承認(rèn),對(duì)印度推進(jìn)有聲有色大國(guó)戰(zhàn)略具有重要的意義；美印核協(xié)議的簽署有利于鞏固印度在南亞地區(qū)的戰(zhàn)略優(yōu)勢(shì),也增加了印度與美、俄、中等大國(guó)進(jìn)行博弈的戰(zhàn)略主動(dòng)性。印度國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)美印核協(xié)議的質(zhì)疑是擔(dān)心在國(guó)家主權(quán)以及獨(dú)立決策方面會(huì)受到美國(guó)的控制和侵犯。雖然由于印度國(guó)內(nèi)政治危機(jī)該協(xié)議一度被凍結(jié),但該協(xié)議最后還是在印度議會(huì)得到通過(guò)。國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)美印核協(xié)議的反應(yīng)各有異同,英國(guó)的態(tài)度由反對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹С�；法、俄始終表示支持；中國(guó)沒(méi)有明確表示反對(duì)與支持；巴基斯坦則對(duì)僅給印度核待遇而不給巴基斯坦表示了不滿；關(guān)系該協(xié)議最后命運(yùn)的國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)和核供應(yīng)國(guó)集團(tuán)則給了該協(xié)議許可。美印核協(xié)議的通過(guò),一方面嚴(yán)重沖擊了國(guó)際核不擴(kuò)散機(jī)制,美印核協(xié)議的簽署使“禁止與非核不擴(kuò)散條約國(guó)進(jìn)行核貿(mào)易”的國(guó)際核不擴(kuò)散機(jī)制規(guī)則失去約束力,可能造成印度核武器的縱向核擴(kuò)散并為其他國(guó)家開(kāi)啟了不良的示范；另一方面也反映了大國(guó)力量、強(qiáng)權(quán)政治在國(guó)際核不擴(kuò)散機(jī)制的運(yùn)作過(guò)程中的主導(dǎo)作用,國(guó)際核不擴(kuò)散機(jī)制能否有效發(fā)揮作用取決于大國(guó)力量、強(qiáng)權(quán)政治。美印核協(xié)議對(duì)地區(qū)安全的影響主要集中于南亞地區(qū),可能引發(fā)印巴核軍備競(jìng)賽以及恐怖主義對(duì)南亞薄弱地區(qū)的新一輪恐怖襲擊；美印核協(xié)議在促進(jìn)美印戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系提升的同時(shí),也引發(fā)了美印俄、美印中、美印日等大國(guó)互動(dòng)關(guān)系和戰(zhàn)略決策的變化。
[Abstract]:The signing of the US-India nuclear agreement marks a further improvement in the bilateral relations between the US and India. The United States Government's efforts to promote nuclear cooperation with India are mainly based on five considerations: first, the agreement is conducive to bringing India into the international nuclear non-proliferation regime and has a positive impact on preventing India's horizontal nuclear proliferation. It is conducive to reducing India's competition with the United States in the global energy market and reducing India's energy dependence on rival countries such as Iran, Sudan, Venezuela and Myanmar. Third, it is conducive for the United States to open up India's nuclear energy market and arms market. It will bring huge economic benefits to American enterprises. Fourth, it will help to help India rise up and expand the influence of democracy in the world. Fifth, it will help to unite India and implement its strategy of counterbalancing China. However, the signing of the agreement has also raised questions from anti-proliferation figures in the United States, who believe that the opening of US nuclear trade to India will, on the one hand, increase India's nuclear production capacity and lay a threat to nuclear proliferation; on the other hand, it will trigger off Pakistan. The dissatisfaction of Iran, North Korea and other countries has led to a nuclear race between India and Pakistan, making it more difficult to resolve the Iranian nuclear issue and the North Korean nuclear issue. In addition, it may also increase the way for terrorists to use and acquire nuclear fuel to manufacture terrorist weapons. Increase the number of targets for terrorists to carry out terrorist attacks. But thanks to a host of domestic forces, the deal was finally passed by Congress. India has pushed forward the agreement because the implementation of the US-India nuclear agreement will make it easier for India to gain access to scarce nuclear fuel and advanced nuclear technology, and will greatly enhance India's nuclear energy utilization; at the same time, The signing of the agreement is also a recognition of India's status as a major power and of great significance to India's promotion of the strategy of the influential powers. The signing of the US-India nuclear agreement is conducive to consolidating India's strategic advantages in South Asia and has also increased India's strategic advantage with the United States and Russia. The strategic initiative of the middle-sized big country to carry on the game. India's domestic scepticism about the US-India nuclear deal is a fear of U.S. control and encroachment on national sovereignty and independent decision-making. Although the deal was frozen because of India's domestic political crisis, it was finally passed by India's parliament. The international community's reaction to the US-India nuclear agreement has its own similarities and differences, and Britain's attitude has changed from opposition to support; France, Russia has always expressed support; China has not explicitly expressed its opposition and support; Pakistan is dissatisfied with giving India nuclear treatment only and not Pakistan; the International Atomic Energy Agency and the Nuclear suppliers Group, which are involved in the final fate of the agreement, have granted permission to the agreement. The adoption of the US-India nuclear agreement, on the one hand, has seriously impacted the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, and the signing of the US-India nuclear agreement has made the rules of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime that "prohibit nuclear trade with non-nuclear non-proliferation treaty countries" no longer binding. Which could lead to vertical nuclear proliferation in India and set a bad example for other countries; on the other hand, it also reflects the dominant role of power politics in the operation of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, Whether the international nuclear non-proliferation regime can play an effective role depends on the power and power politics. The impact of the US-India nuclear agreement on regional security is mainly concentrated in South Asia, which may trigger a nuclear arms race between India and Pakistan and a new round of terrorist attacks on the weak areas of South Asia. While the US-India nuclear agreement promotes the promotion of US-India strategic relations, It also led to the changes in the interaction and strategic decisions between the United States, India and Russia, the United States, India and China, and the United States, India and Japan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D815.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王君;后冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)代核擴(kuò)散形勢(shì)的演變及其成因[J];當(dāng)代亞太;2004年12期

2 司樂(lè)如;;美印中三角關(guān)系互動(dòng)與國(guó)際格局[J];當(dāng)代亞太;2007年10期

3 夏立平;;巴基斯坦核政策與巴印核戰(zhàn)略比較研究[J];當(dāng)代亞太;2008年03期

4 儲(chǔ)昭根;;核協(xié)議促美印關(guān)系升溫[J];觀察與思考;2007年01期

5 趙品宇;;淺析美國(guó)核不擴(kuò)散政策的深層悖論——以美印核關(guān)系為案例[J];國(guó)際論壇;2008年01期

6 劉學(xué)成;美印戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系互動(dòng)及其發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[J];國(guó)際問(wèn)題研究;2005年06期

7 趙青海;;美印核合作及其影響[J];國(guó)際問(wèn)題研究;2006年04期

8 克里斯托弗·格里芬;錢(qián)錕;岳思蕤;;鷹與象的同盟 美印軍事合作回顧與展望[J];國(guó)際展望;2006年23期

9 張炎;《核不擴(kuò)散條約》:歷史和現(xiàn)存問(wèn)題[J];國(guó)外核新聞;2004年02期

10 辛文;;美印正式簽署民用核能合作協(xié)議[J];國(guó)外核新聞;2008年10期

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前2條

1 周戎;[N];光明日?qǐng)?bào);2007年

2 徐冰川 資深軍事評(píng)論員;[N];世界報(bào);2005年

，

本文編號(hào)：1995043