發(fā)布時間：2018-06-07 23:46

  本文選題：元首出訪 + 首腦外交��； 參考：《外交學院》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：1949年新中國成立至今，8位國家元首先后進行了281次出訪。不同的時期，中國國家元首出訪的次數(shù)、地區(qū)分布和內容都有著很大的不同。 從國家元首出訪的次數(shù)來看，中國國家元首的出訪次數(shù)呈逐任增加的趨勢。在1949-1966年期間，受國內外局勢和決策層分工影響，中國國家元首出訪次數(shù)有限；1983-1993年期間，從1966年起停滯了18年的中國國家元首出訪得以恢復，并有了較大幅度的增長；1993年以后，中國國家元首開始頻繁出訪，中國國家元首出訪進入了繁榮時期。國家元首出訪次數(shù)的不斷增加體現(xiàn)了中國與世界各國日益增加的互動和不斷密切的雙邊關系，還體現(xiàn)了中國國家元首對于出訪的日益重視。 從國家元首出訪的地區(qū)分布來看，中國國家元首出訪的地區(qū)從點到線進而拓展到了面。在建國初期，毛澤東出訪的國家只有蘇聯(lián)一個點；1959年后，劉少奇出訪亞洲民族主義國家，將中國國家元首出訪的區(qū)域延展成了線；1983年以后，兩任中國國家元首將出訪的地區(qū)開始逐漸拓展到全世界；1993年后的每任中國國家元首都完成了對全世界各個地區(qū)的訪問。這種從點到線再到面的變化生動的體現(xiàn)了中國融入世界的水平和進程。 從國家元首出訪的內容來看，不論是在與對方領導人的會談內容及最終的成果上，，還是在出訪過程中進行的其他活動，都在隨著中國國家利益的需要而進行改變。在毛澤東和劉少奇的時代，國家元首出訪的主要內容是加強國家間的政治交往；到了李先念和楊尚昆的時代，經濟元素開始出現(xiàn)在國家元首出訪的內容中；1993年以后，中國國家元首出訪的內容更是經歷了從政治、經濟的合作到政治、經濟、文化多領域合作再到樹立中國國家形象的變化。 國家元首是一國外交政策的最高執(zhí)行者，而國家元首出訪則是元首外交最為重要的形式之一。因此，考察中國國家元首出訪的變化將從側面反應出中國外交在建國來所發(fā)生的改變。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of new China in 1949, 8 heads of state have made 281 visits. Different times, the number of visits by the head of state of China, the distribution and content of the region are very different.
From the number of visits by the heads of state, the number of visits by the heads of state of China has been increasing. In the period of 1949-1966 years, the number of visits by Chinese heads of state is limited by the situation in and outside the country and the division of labor in the decision-making level; during the 1983-1993 year, the visit of the Chinese heads of state, which has been stagnant for 18 years, has been restored from 1966 and has been compared. After 1993, Chinese heads of state began frequent visits, and the visit of Chinese heads of state entered a period of prosperity. The increasing number of visits by the heads of state reflects the increasing interaction and close bilateral relations between China and the world, and the increasing attention of the Chinese heads of state to the visit.
From the regional distribution of the heads of state, the region of the Chinese heads of state visited from point to line. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic, Mao Zedong visited only one point in the Soviet Union; after 1959, Liu Shaoji visited the Asian nationalist country and extended the area of the visit of the Chinese heads of state to the line; after 1983, the two term The region of the Chinese state of state has gradually expanded to the whole world; the capital of each Chinese national yuan after 1993 has completed a visit to all regions of the world. This change from point to line to surface vividly embodies the level and process of China's integration into the world.
From the content of the visit of the head of state, whether it is in the content and final results of the talks with the other leaders, or the other activities in the course of the visit, it is changing with the needs of the national interests of China. In the era of Mao Zedong and Liu Shaoji, the main content of the visit of the head of state is to strengthen the politics between the States. In the era of Li Xiannian and Yang Shangkun, the economic elements began to appear in the content of the visit of the head of state. After 1993, the contents of the visit of the Chinese heads of state had gone through the changes from political, economic cooperation to political, economic and cultural cooperation to the establishment of the image of the Chinese state.
The head of state is the highest executor of a foreign policy, and the visit of the head of state is one of the most important forms of the head of state diplomacy. Therefore, the changes in the visit of the head of state of China will reflect the changes in the Chinese diplomacy in the founding of the people's Republic.
【學位授予單位】：外交學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D822.3

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本文編號：1993348