本文選題：印度 + 東向政策　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文回顧了印度“東向政策”二十年的發(fā)展。具體分析了“東向政策”出臺(tái)的背景,創(chuàng)新性地分析了“東向政策”進(jìn)入第二階段的具體原因,分別總結(jié)了印度政府在這一政策的兩個(gè)發(fā)展階段所采取的措施和取得的成效。在回顧“東向政策”二十年所取得的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事安全等方面的巨大成就基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)印度“東向政策”未來發(fā)展及其前景進(jìn)行了展望。 1991年“東向政策”出臺(tái)的背景是冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后國際形勢的巨變和1991年印度爆發(fā)的嚴(yán)重的史無前例的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)迫使印度政府改變外交政策的導(dǎo)向,“東向政策”成為最好的選擇,因?yàn)橛《染哂邪l(fā)展與東盟國家關(guān)系的地緣政治優(yōu)勢和歷史文化認(rèn)同,而且東盟的大國平衡戰(zhàn)略也必需借重印度,從而為印度“東向政策”政策的出臺(tái)與實(shí)施提供了極大的可行性。“東向政策”之所以進(jìn)入第二階段,是因?yàn)榈谝浑A段的成功堅(jiān)定了印度繼續(xù)東向的決心,印度2000年開始的第二代經(jīng)濟(jì)改革需要“東向政策”政策進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,新安全觀下東亞的安全價(jià)值凸顯和亞太新局勢下印度的大國戰(zhàn)略訴求都促使印度政府高調(diào)宣布“東向政策”政策進(jìn)入第二階段。 在“東向政策”第一階段,印度政府采取了積極主動(dòng)的外交措施,包括積極推動(dòng)與東盟國家的政治接觸,重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)與東盟的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系,開展與東盟和亞太的安全合作,結(jié)果,打破了印度囿于南亞一隅的政治局限,經(jīng)濟(jì)融入東亞,與東南亞國家的軍事合作增多。在第二階段,印度在政治上繼續(xù)深化與東盟的機(jī)制性聯(lián)系,不斷擴(kuò)大“東向政策”的地域范圍,與其他東亞和亞太國家建立起密切的雙邊關(guān)系。在經(jīng)濟(jì)上,印度繼續(xù)積極提升與東盟的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作關(guān)系,加強(qiáng)與東亞國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作關(guān)系,積極倡導(dǎo)成立亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體,還以東北各邦為橋頭堡進(jìn)一步發(fā)展印度與東盟的陸路交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)。在安全層面,印度逐漸加強(qiáng)與東亞特別是東盟國家的海上安全合作,將勢力范圍滲透到了亞太地區(qū),在亞太安全中的影響力不斷擴(kuò)大。此外,印度也將文化外交作為一項(xiàng)重要的外交措施加以重視從而大大加強(qiáng)了印度的軟實(shí)力。結(jié)果,借助東盟這一地區(qū)合作的平臺(tái),印度成功地建立了與東亞地區(qū)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和安全合作機(jī)制,印度的亞太國家身份得到了普遍認(rèn)同,使印度走出了印度洋,立足于亞太地區(qū)。 “東向政策”二十年,其成功實(shí)施為印度繼續(xù)推行這一政策打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),良好的慣性發(fā)展的態(tài)勢已經(jīng)形成。盡管有各種各樣的主客觀局限性,印度的“東向政策”仍然有進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的廣闊空間。在世界力量重心轉(zhuǎn)向亞太之際,印度“東向政策”政策的繼續(xù)推行,將保證印度在控制印度洋的基礎(chǔ)上,更多地與東亞乃至亞太國家開展政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、安全以及軍事合作,完成從南亞大國到亞太大國的轉(zhuǎn)變,最終成為世界上數(shù)一數(shù)二的大國。
[Abstract]:This paper reviews the development of India's eastward Policy over the past 20 years. This paper analyzes the background of "eastward policy", analyzes the reasons why "east-oriented policy" enters into the second stage, and summarizes the measures taken by the Indian government in the two stages of development of the policy and the results obtained. On the basis of reviewing the great achievements in politics, economy, military security and so on in the 20 years of "eastward Policy", the future development and prospect of India's "East-Oriented Policy" are prospected. The "eastward Policy" was introduced in 1991 against the background of the dramatic changes in the international situation following the end of the Cold War and the unprecedented economic crisis that broke out in India in 1991, forcing the Indian Government to change the direction of its foreign policy, and "eastward Policy" as the best choice. Because India has the geopolitical advantage and historical and cultural identity to develop relations with ASEAN countries, and ASEAN's great power balance strategy must also draw on India. Therefore, it provides great feasibility for the introduction and implementation of India's eastward policy. The reason why the "eastward policy" has entered the second phase is that the success of the first phase has strengthened India's determination to continue the eastward direction, and the second-generation economic reform initiated by India in 2000 requires the further development of the "eastward policy" policy. The prominence of East Asia's security value under the new security concept and the strategic appeal of India's great power under the new situation in Asia and the Pacific prompted the Indian government to announce the "eastward policy" in a high profile and enter the second phase. In the first phase of the "eastward Policy", the Government of India took proactive diplomatic measures, including actively promoting political contacts with ASEAN countries, focusing on strengthening economic ties with ASEAN, and carrying out security cooperation with ASEAN and the Asia-Pacific. India broke the political limitation of a corner of South Asia, economic integration into East Asia, and increased military cooperation with Southeast Asian countries. In the second stage, India continued to deepen its institutional ties with ASEAN politically, expand the geographical scope of the "eastward policy", and establish close bilateral relations with other East Asian and Asia-Pacific countries. Economically, India continues to actively promote economic cooperation with ASEAN, strengthen economic cooperation with East Asian countries, and actively advocate the establishment of the Asian Economic Community. In addition, northeast states as bridgehead to further develop India and ASEAN land transport network construction. At the security level, India has gradually strengthened its maritime security cooperation with East Asia, especially ASEAN countries, infiltrating its sphere of influence into the Asia-Pacific region and expanding its influence in Asia-Pacific security. In addition, India attaches importance to cultural diplomacy as an important diplomatic measure, which greatly strengthens its soft power. As a result, with the help of ASEAN, the platform for regional cooperation, India successfully established a mechanism for regional economic cooperation and security cooperation with the East Asian region. India's status as an Asia-Pacific country was generally recognized, which led India out of the Indian Ocean. Based in the Asia-Pacific region. The successful implementation of the "eastward Policy" for 20 years laid a solid foundation for India to continue to carry out this policy, and a good momentum of inertia development has been formed. In spite of various subjective and objective limitations, India's eastward policy still has broad scope for further development. As the focus of world power shifts to the Asia-Pacific region, the continued implementation of India's "eastward policy" will ensure that India, on the basis of controlling the Indian Ocean, will carry out more political, economic, security and military cooperation with East Asia and even with the Asia-Pacific countries. To complete the transformation from South Asia to Asia Pacific power, and eventually become one of the world's largest powers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D835.1

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本文編號(hào)：1957860