發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-17 08:38

  本文選題：安倍政權(quán) + 日本修憲��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：二戰(zhàn)后,美國為了對(duì)日本社會(huì)進(jìn)行民主改造,清除日本軍國主義復(fù)辟的土壤,一手為日本打造了和平憲法。根據(jù)憲法第9條之規(guī)定,日本永遠(yuǎn)放棄以行使武力或武力威脅為手段來解決國際爭端,絕不發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭,堅(jiān)持基于正義與秩序的國際和平,為達(dá)到前項(xiàng)目的,不擁有軍隊(duì)和其他戰(zhàn)爭力量,并放棄國家的交戰(zhàn)權(quán)。日本憲法是日本在反省二戰(zhàn)錯(cuò)誤后,向全世界作出的“公約”。但隨著戰(zhàn)后政治格局的變革以及日本國力的發(fā)展,日本政權(quán)在不同時(shí)期,都圍繞著修改日本憲法問題做出了種種努力,試圖突破日本憲法對(duì)發(fā)展軍事力量的限制,實(shí)現(xiàn)“國家正�；�,謀求政治軍事強(qiáng)國,以提高國際地位。當(dāng)前的安倍政權(quán),主張大幅度修憲,尤其是修改憲法第9條關(guān)于集體自衛(wèi)權(quán)等問題的規(guī)定。2016年3月,日本新安保法正式生效,標(biāo)志著戰(zhàn)后奉行的“專守防衛(wèi)”政策被徹底拋棄,和平憲法已名不副實(shí)。安倍政權(quán)推動(dòng)修憲,有風(fēng)云多變的國際背景,包括戰(zhàn)后國際政治格局變化,近期日本周邊局勢(shì)的變革,美國國家利益的考量;整體右傾化的國內(nèi)背景,包含政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)團(tuán)體的右傾化以及普通民眾的右傾化;還有安倍晉三的個(gè)人政治理念也起到了助推作用。安倍修憲是有規(guī)律可循的,大體分為兩大階段:第一修憲前期準(zhǔn)備。這一階段,安倍政權(quán)為了順利完成修憲的目標(biāo),盡可能多地獲得來自國際國內(nèi)的支持,在國內(nèi),先打出“安倍經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)”的招牌;在國外,打出“積極和平主義”的幌子。第二修憲具體步驟。這一時(shí)期被稱作“安倍修憲三部曲”——控制參眾兩院;修改憲法第96條;修改憲法第9條。修憲發(fā)展到如今態(tài)勢(shì),安倍修憲的真正目的和動(dòng)機(jī)也不再遮遮掩掩,擺脫戰(zhàn)后體制,成為“正常國家”,增強(qiáng)政治軍事實(shí)力,強(qiáng)化地區(qū)影響,顛覆政治秩序,擴(kuò)大全球戰(zhàn)略。假使安倍政權(quán)修憲成功,日本將持有軍隊(duì)和交戰(zhàn)權(quán),會(huì)變成一個(gè)強(qiáng)硬危險(xiǎn)難以應(yīng)對(duì)的日本,必然會(huì)給亞太地區(qū)安全帶來諸多威脅。首先,安倍政權(quán)修憲會(huì)導(dǎo)致亞太地區(qū)局勢(shì)的緊張,具體的會(huì)引起亞太國家的安全警惕,導(dǎo)致地區(qū)軍備競(jìng)賽的升級(jí),增加地區(qū)沖突風(fēng)險(xiǎn);其次,對(duì)美國也將帶來雙重影響,短期內(nèi)會(huì)加強(qiáng)日美同盟,這是符合美國意愿的,但從長期來看,日本亦可能成為美國潛在的頭號(hào)威脅;最后,對(duì)中國帶來的影響是最大的,一旦日本修憲成功,中國必定會(huì)加強(qiáng)對(duì)日本的戒備,引起中日矛盾的激化,衍生出中國與亞太其他國家的新矛盾。面對(duì)如此嚴(yán)峻的形勢(shì),中國必須沉著冷靜,從整體認(rèn)識(shí)安倍政權(quán)的修憲,看到對(duì)中國崛起的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn),以積極應(yīng)對(duì)日本修憲的可能性后果。
[Abstract]:After World War II, the United States created a peaceful constitution for Japan in order to reform the Japanese society and remove the soil of the restoration of Japanese militarism. In accordance with Article 9 of the Constitution, Japan will forever renounce the use of force or the threat of force as a means to resolve international disputes, will never wage war, and will insist on international peace based on justice and order. Do not have the army and other forces of war, and give up the country's right of engagement. The Constitution of Japan is the Convention that Japan made to the world after reflecting on its mistakes in World War II. However, with the changes in the political structure after the war and the development of Japan's national strength, the Japanese regime has made all kinds of efforts to amend the Japanese Constitution in different periods, in an attempt to break through the restrictions of the Japanese Constitution on the development of military power. To achieve the normalization of the country and seek political and military power in order to enhance its international status. In March 2016, the new Japanese security law came into effect, marking the complete abandonment of the post-war "self-defense" policy. The pacifist constitution is no longer true to its name. The Abe regime's push to amend the constitution has a volatile international background, including the post-war changes in the international political structure, the recent changes in the situation around Japan, the consideration of the national interests of the United States, and the overall right-leaning domestic background. This includes a rightwing of political leaders and a rightist shift of ordinary people, as well as Mr. Abe's personal political ideas. Abe's constitutional amendment is regular, generally divided into two stages: the first constitutional preparation. At this stage, in order to smoothly complete the goal of amending the Constitution, the Abe regime won as much international and domestic support as possible. At home, it first put up the signboard of "Abenomics"; abroad, it played the guise of "positive pacifism." The second concrete step of amending the constitution. This period was known as the Abe Constitutional Trilogy-controlling the House and Senate; amending Article 96 of the Constitution; amending Article 9 of the Constitution. The constitutional amendment has developed to the present situation, and the true purpose and motive of Abe's constitutional amendment is no longer concealed, and he is rid of the postwar system and becomes a "normal country," strengthens the political and military strength, strengthens the regional influence, subverts the political order, and expands the global strategy. If the Abe regime were to succeed, Japan would hold the military and belligerent power to become a tough and dangerous Japan that would pose a number of threats to the security of the Asia-Pacific region. First, the constitutional amendment by Abe's regime will lead to tension in the Asia-Pacific region, which will specifically arouse security vigilance among Asia-Pacific countries, lead to the escalation of the regional arms race, and increase the risk of regional conflicts. Secondly, it will also have a dual impact on the United States. The alliance between Japan and the United States will be strengthened in the short term. This is in line with the wishes of the United States. But in the long run, Japan may also become the potential number one threat to the United States. Finally, the impact on China will be the greatest. Once Japan succeeds in amending the Constitution, China is bound to strengthen its vigilance against Japan, causing the intensification of Sino-Japanese contradictions, and spawning new contradictions between China and other countries in the Asia-Pacific region. In the face of such a severe situation, China must be calm and calm, understand the constitutional amendment of Abe regime as a whole, and see the opportunities and challenges to China's rise in order to deal positively with the possible consequences of Japan's constitutional amendment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D831.3

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