試析后冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期美國(guó)氣候外交政策走向
本文選題:美國(guó) + 后冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期 ; 參考:《遼寧大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文
【摘要】:氣候變化給人類(lèi)社會(huì)發(fā)展帶來(lái)深刻影響,不斷增加的溫室氣體排放量致使全球氣候持續(xù)變暖,海平面不斷上升以及氣候極端事件頻繁發(fā)生,這些都已經(jīng)成為嚴(yán)重威脅各國(guó)安全的重要因素。隨著氣候變化重要性不斷提升,氣候外交已成為雙邊與多邊外交領(lǐng)域的重要組成部分和主要議題。 美國(guó)作為冷戰(zhàn)后唯一的超級(jí)大國(guó),其氣候外交政策成為世界長(zhǎng)期關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。美國(guó)的氣候外交政策的走向?qū)?guó)際多變的氣候合作體系有著不容忽視的影響。奧巴馬政府上任之初,改變了前任總統(tǒng)小布什對(duì)氣候治理采用的單邊主義風(fēng)格,轉(zhuǎn)變成比較務(wù)實(shí)和溫和的路線(xiàn)。但無(wú)論奧巴馬政府的氣候外交政策有多大程度上調(diào)整,范圍有多大改變,有一點(diǎn)永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)變化,即美國(guó)的氣候外交政策以現(xiàn)實(shí)主義為基礎(chǔ),無(wú)論何時(shí),氣候外交政策都以美國(guó)的國(guó)家利益最大化作出發(fā)點(diǎn),,只是采取的方式將更加靈活多樣。 本文從對(duì)冷戰(zhàn)后美國(guó)歷屆政府氣候外交政策的梳理著手,通過(guò)比較研究方法,探析每一屆總統(tǒng)是如何對(duì)前任政策進(jìn)行修正及傳承;重點(diǎn)評(píng)述奧巴馬政府在氣候合作方面的外交活動(dòng),由此探析冷戰(zhàn)后美國(guó)歷任總統(tǒng)的氣候外交政策實(shí)質(zhì),即維護(hù)美國(guó)既得利益,爭(zhēng)取美國(guó)在氣候變化領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位,政策調(diào)整僅僅是為戰(zhàn)略性需要做出的戰(zhàn)術(shù)性調(diào)整,最后分析美國(guó)的氣候外交政策走向,以及給中國(guó)帶來(lái)的影響和啟示。
[Abstract]:Climate change has had a profound impact on the development of human society, with increasing greenhouse gas emissions resulting in continued global warming, rising sea levels and frequent climate extremes, These have become a serious threat to the security of nations. With the increasing importance of climate change, climate diplomacy has become an important part and main topic in bilateral and multilateral diplomacy. As the only superpower after the Cold War, the United States' climate foreign policy has been the focus of the world for a long time. The trend of American climate foreign policy has a great influence on the international climate cooperation system. When the Obama administration took office, it changed President George W. Bush's style of unilateralism on climate governance to a more pragmatic and moderate course. But no matter how much the Obama administration's climate foreign policy is adjusted, and how much its scope changes, one thing will never change: that America's climate foreign policy is based on realism, whenever, Climate foreign policy is based on maximizing the national interest of the United States, but in a more flexible manner. This paper begins with the review of the climate foreign policy of the successive American governments after the Cold War, and analyzes how each president revises and inherits the policy of his predecessor by means of comparative research. Focusing on the Obama administration's diplomatic activities in climate cooperation, this paper explores the essence of the climate foreign policy of successive US presidents after the Cold War, that is, safeguarding the vested interests of the United States and striving for the leading position of the United States in the field of climate change. The policy adjustment is only a tactical adjustment for the strategic needs. Finally, it analyzes the trend of American climate foreign policy, and the influence and enlightenment to China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:D871.2;X2
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