本文選題：艾森豪威爾政府 + 民防政策　； 參考：《渤海大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：民防作為一種防御措施,其主要作用是在受到外來襲擊時保護民眾的生命安全并組織戰(zhàn)后重建。隨著冷戰(zhàn)的形成,以及蘇聯(lián)核武器的發(fā)展,美國本土安全的脆弱性逐漸暴露出來。杜魯門政府開始研究民防的安全價值,這一時期形成了以1950年《聯(lián)邦民防法》和聯(lián)邦民防局為核心的民防體系。艾森豪威爾政府時期在繼續(xù)推行民防政策的同時也嘗試進行政策方向的轉(zhuǎn)變,但由于核技術(shù)的發(fā)展,使得原本對民防有效性問題一直存在的廣泛爭議持續(xù)發(fā)酵,致使這個時期的民防政策處于一種徘徊不前的狀態(tài)。本文將這一時期的民防政策與具體事實結(jié)合,系統(tǒng)地梳理艾森豪威爾政府任期內(nèi),從最初民防政策的調(diào)整與轉(zhuǎn)變,到民眾對原子塵危害的認識,并引發(fā)關(guān)于民防政策的爭論,再到導彈差距的形成和蓋瑟報告對民防掩體計劃的肯定,最后進一步揭示艾森豪威爾政府民防政策的困境。這一時期民防處于徘徊不前的狀態(tài)是多方面因素共同影響所致,不僅包括艾森豪威爾個人因素,在很大程度上還受到冷戰(zhàn)這國際一大背景的制約。
[Abstract]:As a defense measure, the main function of civil defense is to protect people's lives and organize postwar reconstruction. With the formation of the Cold War and the development of nuclear weapons in the Soviet Union, the fragility of American homeland security was gradually exposed. Truman government began to study the safety value of civil defense, which formed the civil defense system with 1950 Federal Civil Defence Act and Federal Civil Defence Bureau as the core. During the Eisenhower Administration period, while continuing to carry out civil defense policy, it also tried to change the policy direction. However, due to the development of nuclear technology, the widespread controversy that had existed on the issue of civil defense effectiveness continued to grow. This period of civil defense policy in a state of stagnation. This article combines the civil defense policy of this period with the concrete facts, systematically combs the Eisenhower administration term, from the initial civil defense policy adjustment and the transformation, to the populace to the atomic dust harm understanding, and causes the debate about the civil defense policy. Then the formation of the missile gap and the affirmation of the civil defense bunker plan in the Gaither report finally reveal the dilemma of the civil defense policy of the Eisenhower administration. In this period, the civil defense in the state of stagnation is caused by various factors, including Eisenhower's personal factors, but also restricted to a large extent by the Cold War, which is a major international background.
【學位授予單位】：渤海大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D871.2

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 蔣華杰;;杜魯門政府的民防政策探析[J];世界歷史;2013年02期

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本文編號：1785668