本文選題：政治制度　切入點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)代化　出處：《天津師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 中國(guó)和印度是世界兩個(gè)重量級(jí)的文明古國(guó)和大國(guó),兩國(guó)在很多方面有著相似之處。獨(dú)立之后,中國(guó)選擇了以人民民主專政的社會(huì)主義制度為國(guó)體,以人民代表大會(huì)制度為政體,二者共同構(gòu)成我國(guó)的根本的政治制度。而印度則是選擇仿效西方的資本主義民主政治,實(shí)行議會(huì)民主制。這樣一來(lái)中印兩國(guó)就在都曾遭受過(guò)殖民掠奪,都缺乏民主法制基礎(chǔ)的相似的大前提下進(jìn)行了不同基本政治制度的選擇。 但是,幾乎是同取得了民族獨(dú)立的中印兩國(guó),在經(jīng)歷了當(dāng)代的改革與發(fā)展之后,在經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力上顯現(xiàn)出明顯的差距,對(duì)于這一問(wèn)題本文將原因歸結(jié)為中印兩國(guó)在當(dāng)代發(fā)展中所作的不同的政治制度的選擇,即將政治制度體系的架構(gòu)與安排看成是一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)選擇的過(guò)程,繼而借助于中央與地方、決策與執(zhí)行、選舉與民主、合作與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)這四個(gè)關(guān)系層面,對(duì)中印兩國(guó)在當(dāng)代改革和發(fā)展過(guò)程中政治制度的架構(gòu)和安排以及所產(chǎn)生的功能與作用進(jìn)行了介紹和比較。并最終將中印兩國(guó)做出不同選擇的原因歸結(jié)為歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)兩個(gè)方面的影響,即不同的歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)原因?qū)е铝酥杏蓢?guó)在當(dāng)代發(fā)展中所做的政治制度的設(shè)計(jì)、選擇以及安排、調(diào)整上的不同。 中印兩國(guó)在經(jīng)歷了半個(gè)世紀(jì)多的改革與發(fā)展之后,所呈現(xiàn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化以及社會(huì)等方面的現(xiàn)狀,產(chǎn)生的巨大差異不由得會(huì)引發(fā)我們對(duì)于很多問(wèn)題的思考。進(jìn)行政治制度的選擇和架構(gòu)必須立足本國(guó)國(guó)情、正確看待效率問(wèn)題是順利推進(jìn)改革的重要方面、政治穩(wěn)定是國(guó)家和社會(huì)獲得良性發(fā)展先決條件、獨(dú)立自主與創(chuàng)新是國(guó)家自主發(fā)展和提升國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的關(guān)鍵是本文最后得出的結(jié)論和啟示。
[Abstract]:China and India is the world's two heavyweight civilization and great powers, the two countries are similar in many respects. After independence, China has chosen the people's democratic dictatorship and the socialist system as the state system, the people's Congress system of government, the two together constitute China's fundamental political system. India is a choice follow the western capitalist democracy, parliamentary democracy. China and India have suffered in the colonial plunder, the lack of the basic political system of different choice of democracy and the rule of law based similar premise.
However, with China and India is almost achieved national independence, after the reform and development of contemporary, showing an obvious gap in economic strength, for this problem will be attributed to China and India made in the contemporary development of different political systems, political system architecture and soon as the system is a dynamic process of choice, and then with the help of the central and local governments, decision making and implementation, elections and democracy, cooperation and competition relationship between these four levels of China and India in the process of reform and development of contemporary political system framework and arrangement and the function are introduced and compared and ultimately attributed the India made different choices for the two aspects of history and reality, different historical and realistic reasons resulting in India in the contemporary development of the The political system is designed, selected and arranged, and the adjustment is different.
China and India after the reform and development of more than half a century, the economic, political, cultural and social aspects of the status quo, huge differences can not help will lead us to think about the many problems. Selection and structure of political system must be based on national conditions, the correct view of efficiency is an important problem on the smooth progress of reform, the political stability of state and society is a prerequisite for the benign development, and independent innovation is the key of national independent development and enhance the international competitiveness of this paper is the conclusion and enlightenment.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D822.3

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