本文選題：特魯多　切入點：外交思想　出處：《山東大學》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 皮埃爾·埃利奧特·特魯多(Pieere Elliott Trudeau)是1968年至1984年在任的加拿大總理,雖在1979年一度下臺,但在1980年再次出任,他在任的16年,經歷了四次聯邦大選,特魯多總理執(zhí)政十六年間使加拿大躋身于西方七大經濟強國之列同時于1982年從英國手中收回了加拿大憲法,成為真正的主權國家。特魯多總理在卸任時,他所倡導的“公正社會”變成了一個真正公正的社會,其突出的政治業(yè)績使他贏得了卓越政治家的美譽。在加拿大歷史上,特魯多總理與開國總理約翰·亞歷山大·麥克唐納(John A. Macdonald)及“二戰(zhàn)”總理威廉·里昂·麥肯齊·金(W. L. Mackenzie King)一樣享有盛名、載入歷史。 對特魯多外交思想及其實踐的考察,對于理解特魯多時代的外交政策具有重要的意義,有助于正確理解加拿大政府現在的外交政策,同時也有益于我國的外交實踐活動。 本文的前言部分簡要介紹了國內外關于特魯多外交思想的研究現狀及方法,并提出本文意在解決的問題。 本文的主體部分分為四個部分： 第一章：特魯多的外交思想和加拿大外交政策白皮書的發(fā)表。特魯多的外交思想主要表現出以下三個方面：1、外交政策應該服務于國家利益。2、把加拿大定位為“中等國家”的觀念。3、積極發(fā)展與第三世界和共產黨國家的聯系。這三個方面成為了特魯多在以后外交活動的指導思想。對外交政策的審查,開始于加拿大對北約政策的審查,通過審查,加拿大政府把對北約的義務減少了一半,1970年,外交政策的審查以《加拿大外交政策白皮書》的發(fā)表而宣告結束,白皮書基本上體現了特魯多的外交思想。 第二章：特魯多外交思想產生的國際、國內背景和個人因素。這一章著重分析了國際因素、國內因素對外交思想的產生所起的決定作用,同時個人因素也起到了不可忽視的作用。特魯多上臺后,國際形勢發(fā)生巨大變化,世界局勢出現緩和跡象：美國實力的相對下降；西歐日本的崛起；第三世界的發(fā)展,不僅如此,加拿大國內也發(fā)生變化,國內改革派要求改變以前的外交政策,這也對特魯多的外交思想產生了影響,同時特魯多豐富的閱歷對外交思想的塑造也有十分重要的作用。 第三章：特魯多外交思想的實踐。首先,外交政策服務于國家利益的具體實踐,加拿大在北約上的政策；加拿大與中國的建交；實施“第三種選擇”；“外國資本審查署”,在外交政策服務于國家利益這一外交思想上著重介紹了加拿大與中國建交的背景、曲折過程、巨大意義。其次,積極發(fā)展與第三世界和共產黨國家的關系,這一小部分介紹了加拿大積極倡導建立國際新秩序,積極改善與蘇聯的關系,同時加強與拉丁美洲的關系。再次,在對北約政策上,要求減少義務,鮮明地體現了特魯多“中等國家”的外交思想。 結論在分析前三章的基礎上,對特魯多的外交思想及其實踐做出評判：特魯多所領導的加拿大政府無論是經濟上依賴美國,還是軍事上需要美國保護,因此特魯多政府雖然采取各種措施,但不可能真正的獨立起來,只是較之以前的政府有了相對獨立的外交權。
[Abstract]:Pierre Elliot Trudeau (Pieere Elliott Trudeau) is from 1968 to 1984 was the Prime Minister of Canada, although in 1979 once again as to step down, but in 1980, he was in office for 16 years, after the four federal election, Prime Minister Trudeau's sixteen years to Canada among the Western seven economic powers also took back from England in 1982 the Canadian Constitution, become a real sovereign state. The prime minister Trudeau when leaving office, he advocated "social justice" has become a real social justice, the outstanding political achievements earned him the outstanding politician in the world. In the history of Canada, Prime Minister Trudeau and Prime Minister John Alexander MacDonald (John A. Macdonald) and "World War II" prime minister William Leon Mackenzie Kim (W. L. Mackenzie King) as famous in history.
The investigation of Trudeau's diplomatic thoughts and practice is of great significance for understanding the foreign policy of Trudeau era. It helps to correctly understand the Canadian government's current foreign policy and is also conducive to our diplomatic practice.
The preface of this article briefly introduces the research status and methods of Trudeau's diplomatic thought at home and abroad, and puts forward the problems to be solved in this paper.
The main part of this article is divided into four parts:
The first chapter: Trudeau's diplomatic thoughts and Canadian foreign policy white paper. Trudeau's diplomatic thoughts mainly show the following three aspects: 1, should serve the interests of the state.2 foreign policy, the concept of ".3 Canada as middle-income countries", positive development and the third world countries and the Communist Party of the three links. Has become the guiding ideology of Trudeau in diplomatic activities. Foreign policy review began in Canada on NATO policy review, through the review, the government of Canada to NATO obligations halved in 1970, foreign policy review on Canadian foreign policy white paper published < > and ended, the white paper basically reflects Trudeau's diplomatic thoughts.
The second chapter: Trudeau's diplomatic thoughts from international, domestic background and personal factors. This chapter focuses on the analysis of the international factors, domestic factors on the decisive role played by the diplomatic thoughts, and personal factors also played a role can not be ignored. After Trudeau came to power, the international situation has undergone tremendous changes in the world situation. There are signs of relaxation: the relative decline of American power; the rise of Western Europe in Japan; the third world development, not only that, there are some changes in Canada, domestic reformist requirements change the previous foreign policy, which is also the diplomatic thought of Trudeau and Trudeau have an impact, rich experience in the building of diplomatic thoughts is very important role.
The third chapter: the practice of Trudeau's diplomatic thought. Firstly, the concrete practice of foreign policy served the interests of the state, the NATO policy in Canada; Canada and Chinese of the establishment of diplomatic relations; the implementation of the "third way"; "foreign capital review department" in foreign policy to serve the national interests of the diplomatic thought is mainly introduced. Canada and China diplomatic background, tortuous process, great significance. Secondly, actively develop relations with the third world and communist countries, this small part introduces that Canada actively advocated the establishment of a new international order, actively to improve relations with the Soviet Union, while strengthening relations with Latin America. Again, in the NATO policy. Required to reduce the obligations, clearly reflects the Trudeau "middle power" diplomatic thoughts.
Conclusion based on the analysis of the first three chapters, make a judgment on the diplomatic thought of Trudeau and its practice: led by the Trudeau government of Canada whether economic or military needs to rely on the United States, American protection, so although the Trudeau administration to take various measures, but can not be truly independent, but compared with the previous government a relatively independent diplomatic power.

【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D871.1

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 惠曉楊;加拿大對華政策：自主訴求與美國因素（1940s-1970s）[D];上海外國語大學;2012年

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本文編號：1635869