本文選題：中國(guó)　切入點(diǎn)：對(duì)外援助　出處：《上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：2010年召開(kāi)的全國(guó)援外工作會(huì)議首次提出“中國(guó)特色的援外發(fā)展模式”這一概念，本文通過(guò)考察中國(guó)開(kāi)展對(duì)外援助的歷史與實(shí)踐認(rèn)為“中國(guó)特色援外發(fā)展模式”的核心與基礎(chǔ)是“對(duì)口援外”，這種模式的邏輯起點(diǎn)是國(guó)內(nèi)統(tǒng)籌區(qū)域發(fā)展與扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)領(lǐng)域的對(duì)口支援模式，“對(duì)口”是一種規(guī)則約束，對(duì)口援外的中國(guó)特色也集中體現(xiàn)在“對(duì)口”的制度安排方面。在與主要的援助國(guó)開(kāi)展對(duì)外援助的比較中，明確了對(duì)口援外模式的中國(guó)屬性及其優(yōu)越性。 對(duì)口援外按照對(duì)外援助行為的實(shí)際執(zhí)行與實(shí)施主體可以劃分為地方政府對(duì)口援外、國(guó)家部委對(duì)口援外與大型企業(yè)對(duì)口援外三種類(lèi)型，本文分別選取上海市援助越南與幾內(nèi)亞、衛(wèi)生部派遣援外醫(yī)療隊(duì)、中國(guó)石油天然氣集團(tuán)公司援助蘇丹作為案例進(jìn)行研究，從歷史事實(shí)的角度探討對(duì)口援外模式的運(yùn)行機(jī)制及其成效。在三種類(lèi)型的對(duì)口援外中，地方政府是主體，因?yàn)榈胤秸莆樟顺醒胍酝庾疃嗟馁Y源，對(duì)口援外正好可以在減輕中央負(fù)擔(dān)的同時(shí)發(fā)揮地方的積極性，地方參與通常專(zhuān)屬于中央政府的對(duì)外援助本身就是其實(shí)力與地位的展示，援助的實(shí)效得以保證。國(guó)家部委的對(duì)口援外主要在于能夠充分利用部委本身在分工方面的專(zhuān)業(yè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，而援外任務(wù)的最終執(zhí)行很多情況下還需要地方政府的協(xié)作與配合。大型企業(yè)直接參與對(duì)外援助是一個(gè)新的趨勢(shì)，在真正提高受援國(guó)自主發(fā)展能力、幫助其建立完整的工業(yè)體系方面意義重大。 中國(guó)特色對(duì)口援外模式在我國(guó)的產(chǎn)生，是有其必然性的，我國(guó)的國(guó)家結(jié)構(gòu)與社會(huì)主義的央地關(guān)系是其產(chǎn)生的先決條件，，而國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)口支援的巨大成就又為對(duì)口援外提供了可資借鑒的現(xiàn)實(shí)參照，同時(shí)這也是一個(gè)國(guó)內(nèi)政治與國(guó)際政治互動(dòng)的過(guò)程，今后這一進(jìn)程仍將持續(xù)下去，或許會(huì)成為國(guó)際援助體系的福音。
[Abstract]:The concept of "the development model of foreign aid with Chinese characteristics" was put forward for the first time at the National Conference on Foreign Aid held in 2010. Based on the investigation of the history and practice of China's foreign aid, this paper holds that the core and foundation of the development model of "foreign aid with Chinese characteristics" is "foreign assistance with counterpart", and the logical starting point of this model is to coordinate regional development and poverty alleviation development in China. Domain counterpart support mode, "counterpart" is a rule constraint, The Chinese characteristics of counterpart foreign aid are also embodied in the institutional arrangement of "counterpart". In the comparison of foreign aid with the major donor countries, the Chinese attribute and superiority of the counterpart foreign aid model are clarified. According to the actual implementation and implementation of foreign aid, foreign aid can be divided into three types: local government counterpart foreign aid, foreign counterpart assistance from national ministries and large enterprises, and foreign assistance from large enterprises. This paper selects Shanghai to assist Vietnam and Guinea, respectively. The Ministry of Health dispatched a foreign aid medical team and the China National Petroleum Corporation assisted Sudan as a case study to explore the operational mechanism and effectiveness of the counterpart foreign aid model from the perspective of historical facts. The local government is the main body, because the local government has the most resources other than the central government, so giving assistance to foreign countries can help the central authorities at the same time as reducing the burden of the central government and giving play to the enthusiasm of the local authorities. Local participation, which usually belongs exclusively to the central government, is itself a demonstration of its strength and status, and the effectiveness of aid is guaranteed. The counterpart of national ministries mainly lies in being able to make full use of the professional advantages of the ministries themselves in the division of labour. And the ultimate implementation of the foreign aid mission in many cases also requires the cooperation and cooperation of local governments. Direct participation of large enterprises in foreign aid is a new trend, and it is really improving the capacity of recipient countries to develop independently. Helping to build a complete industrial system is significant. The emergence of the foreign aid mode with Chinese characteristics in China is inevitable, and the relationship between the state structure of our country and the central region of socialism is a prerequisite for its emergence. However, the tremendous achievements of domestic counterpart support have provided a practical reference for foreign counterparts, and it is also a process of interaction between domestic and international politics, and this process will continue in the future. It may be a boon for the international aid system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D822.3

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