發(fā)布時間：2018-03-15 01:22

  本文選題：“不承認政策”　切入點：美國　出處：《中央民族大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在1917-1932年間的美蘇關(guān)系中,美國對俄國蘇維埃政權(quán)施行的“不承認政策”,構(gòu)成了美對蘇外交的主要內(nèi)容。二十世紀初,美俄兩國的政治經(jīng)濟關(guān)系受到歷史因素的影響,十分薄弱。美國在對俄外交上存在的先天不足,為之后的美早期對蘇政策埋下了伏筆。隨著1917年俄國蘇維埃政權(quán)的建立,美國受意識形態(tài)與國家利益的影響,拒絕與之建立正常的外交關(guān)系,并由此提出了“不承認”的對蘇政策,試圖利用政治、經(jīng)濟壓力迫使俄國改變自己的政治體制。在長達16年的時間里,“不承認政策”經(jīng)歷了它的形成、高峰、維持、瓦解的各個階段。同時,美國這一時期的國內(nèi)政治與國際關(guān)系也受到其影響,而產(chǎn)生相應的后果。本文除緒論、結(jié)束語外,共分四個部分。第一部分從歷史的角度回顧20世紀初的美俄關(guān)系,以此探討1917—1932年美國對蘇政策的背景。首先,分析了脆弱的美俄關(guān)系與美國對俄外交的不足；其次,分析二月革命后,美國對俄政策的目標以及實施過程中的不足。第二部分是對蘇俄建立后,威爾遜政府對蘇政策的演變。其中包括美國在前期拒絕承認蘇俄和誘使蘇俄繼續(xù)參戰(zhàn)。在《布列斯特和約》簽訂后,美國參與了對俄武裝干涉,并在干涉失敗后,正式提出“不承認政策”。第三部分是分析共和黨政府時期,美國繼續(xù)堅持“不承認政策”。美國在“不承認政策”的立場上如何處理與蘇聯(lián)的關(guān)系,并分析了“不承認政策”可以長期堅持的原因。第四部分是分析胡佛政府時期,“不承認政策”面臨的困境,以及繼續(xù)堅持“不承認政策”所導致的惡果。首先是分析了蘇聯(lián)在20年代中后期發(fā)生的變化,其次是分析胡佛政府因堅持“不承認政策”而發(fā)起的反蘇浪潮,最后是“不承認政策”在國際關(guān)系中的負面影響。
[Abstract]:In the U.S.-Soviet relations between 1917 and 1932, the "policy of non-recognition" carried out by the United States towards the Russian Soviet regime constituted the main content of American diplomacy to the Soviet Union. In early 20th century, the political and economic relations between the United States and Russia were influenced by historical factors. Very weak. The inherent deficiencies in American diplomacy with Russia laid the groundwork for the early American policy toward the Soviet Union. With the establishment of the Russian Soviet regime in 1917, the United States was influenced by ideology and national interests. Refusing to establish normal diplomatic relations with it, and thus proposing a "non-recognition" policy towards the Soviet Union, in an attempt to use politics, Economic pressure has forced Russia to change its political system. For 16 years, the "non-recognition policy" has gone through its various stages of formation, peak, maintenance, and collapse. At the same time, The domestic politics and international relations in this period of the United States were also affected by the influence, which had corresponding consequences. This paper, in addition to the introduction and concluding remarks, is divided into four parts. The first part reviews the relations between the United States and Russia at the beginning of 20th century from the historical point of view. In this way, the background of American policy towards the Soviet Union from 1917 to 1932 is discussed. Firstly, it analyzes the fragile US-Russian relations and the insufficiency of American diplomacy to Russia; secondly, after the revolution in February, The objectives of the US policy towards Russia and the deficiencies in its implementation. The second part is after the establishment of the Soviet Union. The evolution of the Wilson administration's policy towards the Soviet Union, including the refusal of the United States to recognize Soviet Russia and induce Soviet Russia to continue to participate in the war. After the signing of the Treaty of Brest, the United States took part in armed intervention against Russia, and after the failure of the intervention, The third part is an analysis of the period of the Republican administration, in which the United States continued to adhere to the "non-recognition policy." how does the United States handle its relations with the Soviet Union in the position of "non-recognition policy"? It also analyzes the reasons why "non-recognition policy" can be adhered to for a long time. 4th part is an analysis of the plight of "non-recognition policy" during the Hoover Administration. And the negative consequences of continuing to adhere to the "policy of non-recognition". First, it analyzes the changes that took place in the Soviet Union in the middle and late period of 20s, and secondly, it analyzes the anti-Soviet wave initiated by the Hoover government because of its "policy of non-recognition." Finally, the negative impact of non-recognition policy on international relations.
【學位授予單位】：中央民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D871.2

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本文編號：1613809