本文選題：官方發(fā)展援助　切入點(diǎn)：非洲　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：國(guó)際發(fā)展援助是當(dāng)前國(guó)際關(guān)系中的熱點(diǎn)議題，，而各個(gè)援助者對(duì)非洲的援助更是引起爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題。21世紀(jì)以來(lái)，雖然中國(guó)和印度是人口最多的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，但是兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速。隨著中印經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的不斷增強(qiáng),雙方對(duì)非洲的援助規(guī)模也在不斷擴(kuò)大。加強(qiáng)同非洲國(guó)家在內(nèi)的發(fā)展中國(guó)家的友好合作一直是中國(guó)外交政策的著力點(diǎn)，而援助非洲，促進(jìn)非洲發(fā)展一直是中國(guó)發(fā)展對(duì)非關(guān)系的一個(gè)重要方面。印度則是通過(guò)援助非洲加強(qiáng)對(duì)非關(guān)系，延續(xù)并擴(kuò)大其在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和科技等領(lǐng)域?qū)Ψ侵薜挠绊�。中印�?duì)非援助有助于非洲的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展，有助于聯(lián)合國(guó)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。 中印雙方在對(duì)非援助上有相似點(diǎn)，也有不同點(diǎn)，并且都在對(duì)非援助時(shí)積累了一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而印度援助非洲的經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)今后中國(guó)開(kāi)展援助非洲工作具有重要借鑒意義�，F(xiàn)如今非洲的發(fā)展不同以往，速度飛快，但是同時(shí)也存在問(wèn)題，而幫助非洲人民解決這些問(wèn)題是很多援助國(guó)的目標(biāo)。中印雙方援助非洲工作經(jīng)歷了不同的發(fā)展階段，有源起、調(diào)整和發(fā)展階段，并且雙方援助非洲所具備的各種條件、兩國(guó)各自的援助管理機(jī)制、對(duì)非援助側(cè)重的領(lǐng)域、方式與援助特點(diǎn)都不盡相同。印度援助非洲注重對(duì)非洲的科技援助和人才培訓(xùn)，這有利于印度在非洲的大國(guó)形象的建立和對(duì)印度的認(rèn)同。而中國(guó)對(duì)非洲援助側(cè)重的是大型工程、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)，對(duì)向非洲的人才培訓(xùn)，科技援助工作不夠重視，雖然近年來(lái)有所改善，但是做的還是不如印度，所以在這方面印度值得中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。 雖然中國(guó)和印度在援助非洲方面有一些差異和分歧，但是雙方在非洲也存在較多的利益交匯點(diǎn)，雙方應(yīng)該秉持著“求同存異”的原則，用一種更為開(kāi)放的、合作的方式來(lái)援助非洲，這樣雙方才能在非洲大陸爭(zhēng)取利益共享，實(shí)現(xiàn)共贏。
[Abstract]:International development assistance is a hot topic in current international relations, and aid from various donors to Africa has been a controversial issue since the 21st century, although China and India are the most populous developing countries. However, the economies of the two countries are developing rapidly. With the increasing economic strength of China and India, the scale of bilateral assistance to Africa is also expanding. Strengthening friendly cooperation with developing countries, including African countries, has always been the focus of China's foreign policy. While assisting Africa, promoting African development has always been an important aspect of China's development of its relations with Africa. India, on the other hand, has continued and expanded its political activities by assisting Africa to strengthen its relations with Africa. China and India's aid to Africa is conducive to the stability and development of Africa and to the achievement of the UN Millennium Development goals. Both China and India have similarities and differences in aid to Africa, and both have accumulated certain experience in aid to Africa. The experience of India's aid to Africa is of great significance to China's efforts to assist Africa in the future. Nowadays, Africa is developing at a different speed and at a different speed, but at the same time there are still problems. And helping the African people solve these problems is the goal of many donor countries. China and India have gone through different stages of development, active development, adjustment and development, and all kinds of conditions for both sides to assist Africa. The aid management mechanisms of the two countries are different from each other in terms of the areas, modalities and characteristics of aid to Africa. India's aid to Africa focuses on science and technology assistance and human resources training to Africa, This is conducive to the establishment of India's image as a big country in Africa and its recognition of India. While China's aid to Africa focuses on large-scale projects, infrastructure construction, training of talents to Africa, and scientific and technological assistance. Although it has improved in recent years, it has not done as much as India, so India is worth learning from. Although China and India have some differences and differences in aid to Africa, there are also more points of convergence of interests between the two sides in Africa. The two sides should adhere to the principle of "seeking common ground while reserving differences" and use a more open approach. Work together to help Africa, so that both sides can share the benefits and achieve a win-win situation on the continent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D822.34;D835.1

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