本文選題：魯爾　切入點(diǎn)：薩爾　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：法德兩國在歷史上曾經(jīng)是世代宿敵,歷史上兩國間爆發(fā)過多次大的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和沖突,甚至還引發(fā)了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)。一戰(zhàn)后法德兩個(gè)國家曾嘗試著實(shí)現(xiàn)和解,但最終失敗了并且還導(dǎo)致了第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)。二戰(zhàn)后法德和解再次啟動(dòng),并隨著"魯爾問題"、"薩爾問題"的成功解決以及《法德友好合作條約》的簽訂而走向成功。通過法德兩次和解的進(jìn)程分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣有領(lǐng)土爭(zhēng)端、同樣有賠款問題、同樣有國際聯(lián)盟的存在,但為什么兩次和解的結(jié)果卻截然不同。區(qū)別在于:二戰(zhàn)后蘇聯(lián)勢(shì)力的崛起,造成法德相互威脅的共同轉(zhuǎn)移;美國超強(qiáng)實(shí)力的存在,引導(dǎo)和把控法德和解進(jìn)程;歐洲的區(qū)域一體化使得法德和解能夠在超越雙邊視角下進(jìn)行;法國重塑世界秩序主導(dǎo)權(quán)的失去,使得法德和解談判中的政策不會(huì)過分傾斜。同時(shí),法德兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的堅(jiān)持和推動(dòng),德國自身的深刻反省也是促使法德成功和解主要因素。這些因素是一戰(zhàn)后法德和解進(jìn)程所沒有的,它雖然具有歷史時(shí)間段內(nèi)獨(dú)特性,但它也有為世界上其他有類似問題國家間的和解與合作、提供借鑒的可行性。
[Abstract]:France and Germany have been enemies for generations in history. In history, there have been many major wars and conflicts between the two countries, and even two world wars. After the first World War, France and Germany tried to achieve reconciliation. But it ultimately failed and led to the outbreak of World War II. The Franco-German reconciliation began again after World War II. And with the successful settlement of the "Ruhr issue", the "Sal issue" and the signing of the "Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between France and Germany", and through the analysis of the two reconciliation processes between France and Germany, we find that there are also territorial disputes and the same problem of reparations. There is also a League of Nations, but why the results of the two reconciliations are quite different: the rise of Soviet power after World War II led to a common transfer of threats between France and Germany, and the existence of the United States' super power. To guide and control the process of Franco-German reconciliation; the regional integration of Europe allows Franco-German reconciliation to take place beyond the bilateral perspective; the loss of France's remaking of the dominance of the world order, so that the policy in the Franco-German reconciliation negotiations will not be excessively skewed. The persistence and promotion of the leaders of France and Germany, and the deep reflection of Germany itself, are also the main factors that have contributed to the successful reconciliation between France and Germany. These factors are not found in the process of reconciliation between France and Germany after the first World War, although they are unique in the historical period. But it also provides the possibility of reconciliation and cooperation among other countries with similar problems in the world.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D856.5;D851.6

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