本文選題：海盜　切入點(diǎn)：犯罪構(gòu)成　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：海盜作為一種古老的海上犯罪行為,從古時(shí)的猖獗、近代的收斂再到目前的持續(xù)上升,無時(shí)無刻不嚴(yán)重威脅著世界海上航海安全。隨著國際政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢的變化以及科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,海盜犯罪大有愈演愈烈之勢,不僅從事劫船掠貨等犯罪活動,還參與或者主導(dǎo)走私、販賣人口等勾當(dāng),甚至和有組織的恐怖主義相結(jié)合,對世界貿(mào)易和人們的生命安全造成的威脅日益增強(qiáng)。如何解決國際條約和各國國內(nèi)法規(guī)范缺失、相互接軌不暢的問題,對普遍管轄權(quán)加以完善和修正,加大對海盜犯罪的打擊與懲治,具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文分為導(dǎo)言、正文和結(jié)論三部分,其中正文分為四章。 本文第一章首先回顧了海盜的歷史,揭示了海盜由令人尊敬的海上騎士逐漸演變?yōu)閲H法上的違法行為的歷史變遷。接著從國際法、國內(nèi)法兩個(gè)角度,詳細(xì)介紹了規(guī)制海盜犯罪的法律發(fā)展,并通過比較將國際法上的海盜與國內(nèi)法上的海盜予以嚴(yán)格區(qū)別,對值得借鑒的立法成就進(jìn)行了總結(jié)和概括。 本文第二章針對1982年《聯(lián)合國海洋法公約》第101條對海盜行為的明確界定,對海盜犯罪的構(gòu)成從主體要件、主觀要件、客體要件和客觀方面要件等方面進(jìn)行深入研究,對其存在的問題進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的剖析并提出了自己的觀點(diǎn),如主體限定的私人性容易導(dǎo)致對某些海盜犯罪的放縱,主觀上的“私人目的”與當(dāng)前形勢不符,專屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)應(yīng)當(dāng)納入海盜犯罪的發(fā)生地等等。結(jié)合其犯罪構(gòu)成對海盜犯罪的認(rèn)定中注意的問題進(jìn)行了介紹。 本文第三章從普遍管轄權(quán)的概念和特征入手,闡述了對海盜犯罪實(shí)施普遍管轄的必要性。接著對普遍管轄權(quán)的實(shí)施及過程中產(chǎn)生的沖突提出了解決之道,通過確立管轄權(quán)順位、建立安理會主導(dǎo)的打擊海盜機(jī)制、組建海盜犯罪特別國際刑事法庭等方式解決普遍管轄沖突,加強(qiáng)對海盜的打擊與懲治。 本文第四章結(jié)合我國目前針對海盜犯罪的立法現(xiàn)狀,分析了增設(shè)海盜罪的必要性,并對相關(guān)的犯罪構(gòu)成、刑罰、管轄權(quán)和司法問題做了探討。
[Abstract]:Piracy, as an ancient maritime crime, has threatened the safety of maritime navigation in the world all the time from the rampant in ancient times, the convergence of modern times to the continuous rise of the present. With the development of international politics, With the changes in the economic situation and the development of science and technology, the crime of piracy is becoming more and more serious. Not only are they engaged in such criminal activities as robbery and plunder, but they also participate in or lead activities such as smuggling and trafficking in human beings, and even combine with organized terrorism. The increasing threat to world trade and the safety of human life... how to address the lack of international treaties and the norms of national domestic law and their lack of convergence with each other, and how to improve and amend universal jurisdiction, It is of great practical significance to intensify the fight against and punish piracy crimes. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion, in which the text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter first reviews the history of piracy and reveals the historical evolution of piracy from the venerable knights at sea to illegal acts in international law, and then from the perspectives of international law and domestic law. This paper introduces in detail the legal development of the regulation of piracy crime and summarizes the legislative achievements worthy of reference by comparing the strict differences between pirates in international law and pirates in domestic law. The second chapter focuses on the explicit definition of piracy in Article 101 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in 1982, and makes a thorough study on the constitution of the crime of piracy from the aspects of subject elements, subjective elements, object elements and objective elements, etc. This paper makes a detailed analysis of its existing problems and puts forward its own viewpoint. For example, the restricted private nature of the subject can easily lead to the indulgence of some pirate crimes, and the subjective "private purpose" is not in accordance with the current situation. The exclusive economic zone should include the place of piracy crime and so on. In the third chapter, the author begins with the concept and characteristics of universal jurisdiction, expounds the necessity of implementing universal jurisdiction over piracy crimes, and then puts forward some solutions to the conflicts arising from the implementation of universal jurisdiction. Through the establishment of jurisdiction ranking, the establishment of the anti-piracy mechanism led by the Security Council, the establishment of a special international criminal court for piracy crimes and other ways to resolve the conflict of universal jurisdiction, and strengthen the fight against and punish pirates. The 4th chapter analyzes the necessity of establishing the crime of piracy, and probes into the constitution, penalty, jurisdiction and judicature of the crime.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D997.9;D815

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本文編號：1575592