本文選題：文化　切入點(diǎn)：外交政策　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：韓國(guó)作為一個(gè)島國(guó)，四周強(qiáng)國(guó)林立，其國(guó)家的發(fā)展歷程難免深受外國(guó)的影響。這種影響首先表現(xiàn)在文化方面。韓國(guó)的文化主要受到從中國(guó)傳入的儒家文化、日本殖民統(tǒng)治造成的歷史屈辱文化、美國(guó)通過(guò)改造韓國(guó)所傳入的西式民主文化的影響。韓國(guó)文化的獨(dú)特性也由此形成。 在1909以前韓國(guó)文化主要是受到儒家文化的影響，統(tǒng)治階級(jí)把儒家文化作為一種正統(tǒng)文化進(jìn)行推廣，韓國(guó)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)生活各個(gè)方面都有著深厚的儒家文化氣息，深深打上了儒家文化的烙印。在日本對(duì)韓國(guó)進(jìn)行殖民統(tǒng)治時(shí)期，日本對(duì)韓國(guó)文化進(jìn)行了改造，采取一系列的同化、毀滅韓國(guó)文化的措施。韓國(guó)文化的連續(xù)性遭到破壞，民眾心理深受創(chuàng)傷。二戰(zhàn)后，韓國(guó)接受了美國(guó)的民主改造，西方文化開(kāi)始滲入韓國(guó)。美國(guó)利用對(duì)韓國(guó)占領(lǐng)的時(shí)機(jī)改造韓國(guó)、建立親美的政權(quán)，戰(zhàn)后的韓國(guó)一方面需要美國(guó)的援助而不得不接受其改造，另一方面，美國(guó)文化的先進(jìn)性對(duì)韓國(guó)也有著巨大的吸引力。雖然只有短短的幾十年時(shí)間，但是西方文化對(duì)韓國(guó)產(chǎn)生了非常大的影響。但是從本質(zhì)上說(shuō)，韓國(guó)文化還是以儒家文化為核心的。韓國(guó)文化的發(fā)展歷程對(duì)其國(guó)家的行為方式以及國(guó)民的價(jià)值觀念影響深遠(yuǎn)。文化通過(guò)對(duì)其國(guó)家利益、國(guó)家實(shí)力、國(guó)家決策機(jī)制的影響間接的影響到其外交政策從而形成了獨(dú)特的外交特點(diǎn)，即內(nèi)斂式的外交政策、以總統(tǒng)為核心的外交決策機(jī)制以及帶有自卑心理的小國(guó)心態(tài)。 全文共分四個(gè)部分： 第一部分從整體上論述文化與外交政策的關(guān)系。主要包括對(duì)于文化與外交政策的概念界定、文化與外交政策的關(guān)系論述以及當(dāng)代西方三大主流國(guó)際關(guān)系理論對(duì)于文化與外交政策的論述。當(dāng)代西方三大主流國(guó)際關(guān)系理論都對(duì)文化的作用有不同的論述，但是他們所提及的是國(guó)際層次的文化，而不是國(guó)內(nèi)的文化。新現(xiàn)實(shí)主義和新自由主義都沒(méi)有把文化作為獨(dú)立的變量，直到建構(gòu)主義的出現(xiàn)才使得文化成為了獨(dú)立變量。 第二部分論述韓國(guó)文化的主要組成部分。該部分選取了不同階段對(duì)韓國(guó)發(fā)展有重要影響的文化形態(tài)。主要包括從中國(guó)傳入的儒家文化、日本殖民統(tǒng)治造成的歷史屈辱文化、美國(guó)通過(guò)改造韓國(guó)所傳入的西式民主文化等。其中，儒家文化是處于核心地位的，雖然受到了近半個(gè)世紀(jì)的殖民統(tǒng)治以及戰(zhàn)后受到美國(guó)的民主改造，但是儒家文化影響依然十分深刻。近年來(lái)，，西式民主文化影響不斷加深，但是如果想要取代儒家文化的影響，恐怕還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。文中介紹了三種文化的主要內(nèi)容以及通過(guò)何種方式對(duì)韓國(guó)產(chǎn)生的影響，由此總結(jié)出韓國(guó)文化的主要特點(diǎn)。 第三部分是對(duì)韓國(guó)文化影響下的韓國(guó)外交政策進(jìn)行分析。韓國(guó)文化主要通過(guò)影響其國(guó)家利益的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式、國(guó)家實(shí)力的組成以及外交決策機(jī)制的形成來(lái)影響其外交政策。國(guó)家利益又從國(guó)家的領(lǐng)土完整、主權(quán)獨(dú)立、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展等方面來(lái)分別論述。具體表現(xiàn)為朝鮮半島的統(tǒng)一、獨(dú)島爭(zhēng)端、民眾的反美運(yùn)動(dòng)、韓國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的起飛等實(shí)例。在國(guó)家實(shí)力組成方面主要是獨(dú)特的韓國(guó)文化對(duì)其國(guó)家軟實(shí)力的影響。韓國(guó)近年來(lái)所實(shí)行的文化外交政策在東亞地區(qū)產(chǎn)生的重要影響，對(duì)于提升其國(guó)家形象以及促進(jìn)國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、帶動(dòng)就業(yè)發(fā)揮了重要作用。這種影響在中國(guó)表現(xiàn)的尤為突出，從食品、娛樂(lè)到服飾、電子產(chǎn)品等等無(wú)不顯示出韓國(guó)文化的影響力。外交決策機(jī)制主要是探討在韓國(guó)文化的影響下其外交決策機(jī)制的設(shè)置。首先韓國(guó)文化以及歷史經(jīng)歷為其外交政策設(shè)置了界限，這也是民眾共同認(rèn)同的底線(xiàn)，一旦超出了這個(gè)底線(xiàn)外交決策人員就會(huì)不被國(guó)民信任。例如國(guó)家外交政策一旦有損國(guó)家利益就會(huì)激起民眾內(nèi)心的民族屈辱感。另外，其外交機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置深受美國(guó)三權(quán)分立思想的影響。 最后一部分是對(duì)韓國(guó)文化影響下的外交政策的簡(jiǎn)單評(píng)價(jià)以及對(duì)中國(guó)的借鑒意義。韓國(guó)文化影響下的外交政策一方面對(duì)于國(guó)家形象的提升、國(guó)家利益的維護(hù)、國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了極大地促進(jìn)作用。另一方面，韓國(guó)民眾所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的排外主義也成為韓國(guó)進(jìn)一步提升國(guó)家形象的障礙。韓國(guó)文化及其歷史經(jīng)歷與中國(guó)有著極大的相似性，兩國(guó)同屬于“儒家文化圈”，都曾遭遇過(guò)列強(qiáng)的侵略，戰(zhàn)后都面臨著國(guó)家統(tǒng)一、發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的任務(wù)，而當(dāng)今的中國(guó)正面臨著中國(guó)威脅論的困擾，經(jīng)濟(jì)上崛起的中國(guó)急需利用自己的軟實(shí)力提升國(guó)家的形象。中國(guó)的可利用的文化資源遠(yuǎn)比韓國(guó)豐富，因此研究韓國(guó)文化對(duì)其外交政策的影響對(duì)中國(guó)有著重要的啟示與借鑒意義。 一國(guó)的外交政策深受本國(guó)文化的影響，不同的國(guó)家有著不同的文化以及歷史遭遇，因此在外交政策上也有所表現(xiàn)，深入研究文化對(duì)外交的影響有助于把握一國(guó)外交政策的基本走向，從而減少文化差異帶來(lái)的外交失誤。
[Abstract]:South Korea as an island, surrounded by power everywhere, the development process of the country is welcomed by foreign influence. This influence first reflected in the culture. The culture of South Korea is mainly affected by the incoming Chinese from Japanese colonial rule by the Confucian culture, the history of humiliation culture, the United States through the transformation of South Korea introduced by western democracy. The influence of unique culture Korean culture is also formed.
In the 1909 previous South Korean culture is mainly influenced by Confucian culture, the Confucian culture of the ruling class as an orthodox culture, South Korea's political, economic, social life each have the profound Confucian culture, Confucian culture deeply marked by the stigma of Japan to South Korea. In the colonial period. Japan has carried on the transformation to the Korean culture, take a series of assimilation, destruction of Korean culture. The continuity of Korean culture is destroyed, the people were deeply hurt. After World War II, South Korea accepted the democratic transformation of the United States, western culture began to seep into South Korea. The United States to use this opportunity to reform the Korean occupation of Korea, the establishment of pro american the regime, South Korea needs the assistance of the United States to accept the transformation, on the other hand, the United States advanced culture of South Korea also has a huge attraction. Although only There are just a few years time, but the western culture had a great effect on South Korea. But in essence, or Korean culture as the core of Confucian culture. The development of Korean culture behavior on the state and national values far-reaching. Culture through to its national interests, national strength. Influence of national decision-making mechanism of the indirect influence to the foreign policy and diplomatic form the unique characteristics of the restrained style of diplomatic policy, diplomatic decision-making mechanism at the core of the president and the country with inferiority mentality.
The full text is divided into four parts:
The first part discusses the relationship between culture and foreign policy as a whole. Including the concept of the culture and foreign policy definition, discusses the relationship between culture and foreign policy as well as the three major western international relations theories for culture and foreign policy discussion. Effect of the three major Western International Relations Theory of culture have different this, but they refer to international culture rather than domestic culture. New realism and Neo liberalism have the culture as independent variables appear until constructivism makes culture as independent variables.
The second part discusses the main part of Korean culture. The selected part has important effects on the cultural form in different stages of the development of South Korea. Including China from incoming Japanese colonial rule by the Confucian culture, the history of humiliation culture, the United States through the transformation of South Korea introduced by western democracy culture. Among them, the Confucian culture is in the core position although, by nearly half a century of colonial rule and democratic transformation after the war by the United States, but the influence of Confucian culture is still very profound. In recent years, influence of western style democratic culture continues to deepen, but if you want to replace the influence of Confucian culture, I am afraid there is still a long way to go. The paper introduces the main content of the three kinds of culture and influence of South Korea by what way, summed up the main features of Korean culture.
The third part is on the South Korean foreign policy in South Korea under the influence of culture were analyzed. The Korean culture is realized by way of affecting the interests of the state, the formation of national strength and diplomatic decision-making mechanism to influence the foreign policy. The interests of the state and from the country's territorial integrity, sovereignty, economic development and other specific to discuss. For unity, Korea Dokdo dispute, people's anti American movement took off as examples of the South Korean economy. The national strength is mainly composed of the unique impact of Korean culture on the national soft power. The important influence in South Korea in recent years the foreign policy of culture in East Asia, to promote the country image and promote the domestic economic development, play an important role in promoting employment. This effect in China performance is particularly prominent, from entertainment to food, clothing, electronic products And all show the influence of Korean culture. Diplomatic decision-making mechanism is mainly to explore the influence of Korean culture in the diplomatic decision-making mechanism set. Firstly, Korean culture and historical experience for its foreign policy set boundaries, which is the common people identity beyond the bottom line, the bottom line once the diplomatic decision-making personnel will not be the national trust. For example, the foreign policy of the country once it is harmful to the interests of the state will provoke the inner sense of national humiliation. In addition, the influence of foreign institutions set up by the separation of the three powers of thought.
The last part is a simple evaluation of Korean culture under the influence of foreign policy and reference to Chinese. Korean culture under the influence of foreign policy on the one hand to enhance the image of the country, to safeguard the interests of the state, greatly promote the development of the national economy. On the other hand, the South Korean public displays the exclusive the principle of becoming South Korea to further enhance the national image of the obstacles. South Korean culture and its historical experience had a great similarity with China, the two countries belong to "Confucian cultural circle", encountered the aggression, the face of national unity, the task of economic development, and the China facing China threat on the rise of economic distress, Chinese urgently need to use their soft power to enhance the image of the country. Chinese can make use of the cultural resources than the South Korean rich, so the study of Korean culture The influence on its foreign policy has an important inspiration and reference for China.
Influence of a country's foreign policy by their own culture, different countries have different cultural and historical experiences and so on foreign policy also reflected, deeply studying the influence of culture on foreign policy helps to grasp the basic trend of foreign policy, so as to reduce diplomatic failures caused by cultural differences.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D831.26

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