本文選題：美日同盟　切入點：中日關(guān)系　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文主要通過研究冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后美日同盟的重新確認(rèn)及其對中日關(guān)系的影響。作為冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后的全球唯一超級大國,為了維護其在東亞地區(qū)的戰(zhàn)略利益,美國選擇繼續(xù)保持美日同盟來插手東亞地區(qū)事務(wù),防范和遏制中國。經(jīng)歷了冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束初期的日美貿(mào)易摩擦后,伴隨著中國經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展和綜合國力的不斷增強,日本將中國看作威脅,于是選擇繼續(xù)維持美日同盟來增強對華戰(zhàn)略優(yōu)勢,不斷發(fā)展自身的軍事勢力,希望做出與本國經(jīng)濟實力相稱的國際貢獻(xiàn),成為“正常國家”。 冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后的中日關(guān)系經(jīng)歷了幾個不同的發(fā)展階段。 第一階段自1989年6月到1993年7月。隨著國際環(huán)境的變化,中日關(guān)系的發(fā)展站在了一個新的起點上,兩國關(guān)系由停頓走向恢復(fù),此時日美出現(xiàn)離心傾向,日本想通過自身的努力成為政治大國。 第二階段自1993年8月到1997年8月。日本國內(nèi)維持長達(dá)38年之久的“1955年體制”崩潰,日本國內(nèi)政治日益保守化,而此時中國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展迅速,綜合實力不斷增強,日本國內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了中國威脅論,這反映出日本對中國日益強大的擔(dān)心與防備心理,日本轉(zhuǎn)而采取加強日美同盟作為應(yīng)對中國不斷增強的地區(qū)影響力的手段。此時,中日之間在歷史與現(xiàn)實問題上的一系列矛盾與沖突相繼出現(xiàn)。 第三階段自1997年9月至2001年4月。這一階段一方面中日兩國建立了致力于和平與發(fā)展的友好合作伙伴關(guān)系,另一方面日本采取了一系列立法措施落實正常國家戰(zhàn)略,日美兩國提出了新的防衛(wèi)合作指針,國會通過了《國旗國歌法案》,日本國內(nèi)的修憲討論也進入了新的階段。 第四階段是2001年4月至2006年9月。這一階段是小泉當(dāng)政時期,日本國內(nèi)的保守化傾向愈演愈烈,在一系列歷史與現(xiàn)實問題上較前一階段更為激進,對歷史問題的認(rèn)識日益模糊,防衛(wèi)政策更具有進攻性,變相突破戰(zhàn)后和平憲法的束縛并以朝鮮核威脅為由企圖發(fā)展核武器。隨著“9.11”事件后美國將反恐作為國家的首要對外戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo),美國不斷提升日本在同盟中的實質(zhì)性地位來協(xié)助美國共同出兵海外,為美國的全球戰(zhàn)略服務(wù).日本則借此制定相關(guān)法案為出兵海外提供法律依據(jù),通過外圍立法修改憲法,為成為“正常國家”掃清道路。這一階段除在釣魚島問題上的爭端和臺灣問題上的摩擦,兩國國民的情緒也日益對立。 通過上述分析,可以得出如下幾點結(jié)論：第一,冷戰(zhàn)之后美日同盟之所以繼續(xù)存在的是因為日美兩國將中國作為共同的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo),但兩國的利益并不完全一致。第二,冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以來日本國內(nèi)政治日益保守化,這對兩國關(guān)系帶來了消極影響。第三,鑒于各自的實力地位、地理位置以及歷史原因,日本比美國的對華政策更為激進。第四,美日同盟將長期存在并以美國為主導(dǎo),美日同盟對中日關(guān)系的影響將隨美國對亞和對華政策的改變而改變。如何在維持美日同盟的前提下處理好同包括中國在內(nèi)的周邊國家的關(guān)系是日本想成為正常國家所要解決的問題。第五,既要本著以史為鑒面型未來的精神來處理中日關(guān)系,又要在一系列歷史與現(xiàn)實問題上經(jīng)行有理有利的斗爭,同時要處理好對美關(guān)系并積極融入國際社會。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly through the study of re confirmation after the end of the cold war alliance and its influence on Sino Japanese relations after the cold war. As the only superpower in the world, in order to maintain its strategic interests in the region, the United States chose to keep the US Japan alliance to intervene in East Asia affairs, to prevent and curb China. After the end of the cold war Japan US trade friction early, along with the rapid development and comprehensive national strength China economic growing, Japan will China as a threat, and chose to maintain the alliance to enhance China's strategic advantages, the development of its military forces, hoping to make a contribution to the world commensurate with its economic strength, become a normal country.
The Sino Japanese relations after the end of the cold war have undergone several different stages of development.
The first stage was from June 1989 to July 1993. With the change of the international environment, the development of Sino Japanese relations stood at a new starting point, and the relations between the two countries resumed from pause. At this time, the US and Japan showed a centrifugal tendency. Japan wanted to become a political power through its own efforts.
The second stage is from August 1993 to August 1997. Japan maintained up to 38 years of the "1955 system" collapse, Japan's domestic political increasingly conservative, while Chinese's rapid economic development, comprehensive strength, Japan appears China threat, reflecting Japan to China increasingly powerful fear and psychological preparedness, Japan to strengthen the Japan us alliance as a response to the China growing influence in the region. At this time, in a series of contradictions and conflicts in the history and the realistic problems have appeared.
The third stage is from September 1997 to April 2001. This stage for China and Japan to establish a friendly and cooperative partnership for peace and development, on the other hand, Japan has taken a series of legislative measures to implement the normal national strategy, Japan proposed that needle defense cooperation, Congress passed the "National Anthem act", Japan the constitutional discussion has entered a new stage.
The fourth stage is from April 2001 to September 2006. This stage is the Koizumi reign, Japan's conservative tendency intensified, in a series of historical and realistic problems on the previous stage is more radical understanding of the historical issues increasingly blurred, defense policy is more aggressive, disguised to break the shackles of the post-war pacifist constitution and North Korea the nuclear threat is trying to develop nuclear weapons. With the "9.11" incident, the United States will counter as the first foreign strategic target countries, the United States rising Japan in the alliance substantive position to assist the United States together soldiers overseas, as the global strategy of the United States. Japan is to formulate the relevant service bill for the troops overseas to provide a legal basis. To amend the Constitution by the external legislation, to become a "normal country" to clear the way. This stage in addition to dispute over the Diaoyu Islands issue and the Taiwan issue friction, The mood of the nationals of the two countries is also increasingly antagonistic.
Through the above analysis, we can draw the following conclusions: first, after the end of the cold war alliance is to continue to exist because of Japan and the United States will Chinese as a common strategic objective, but the interests of the two countries are not entirely consistent. Second since the end of the cold war, Japan's domestic political increasingly conservative, this will bring negative impact on relations between the two countries. Third. In view of their respective strength, geographical and historical reasons, Japan's policy toward China than the United States more radical. In fourth, the US Japan alliance will exist for a long time and dominated by the United States, the influence of the US Japan alliance on Sino Japanese relations with the United States will change to Asia and China policy change. In the premise of how to maintain the alliance under good relations with neighboring countries, including Chinese is Japan to become a normal country to solve the problem. Fifth, not only to the spirit of learning from history to fine surface In order to deal with Sino Japanese relations, we must take a reasonable and advantageous struggle against a series of historical and practical problems. We should also handle the relationship with the US and actively integrate into the international community.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D822.331.3

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