本文關鍵詞： 俄羅斯 朝鮮半島 平衡外交 朝核立場　出處：《吉林大學》2011年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：俄羅斯作為東北亞地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)大國,在朝鮮半島有著重要的地緣戰(zhàn)略利益。在蘇聯(lián)時期,朝鮮半島是美蘇軍事政治對抗的東方戰(zhàn)線。以朝鮮半島的三八線為界,形成了蘇朝和美韓兩個軍事同盟的軍事對峙。蘇聯(lián)解體,冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,東北亞地區(qū)國際格局和朝鮮半島局勢發(fā)生了重大變化。俄羅斯的朝鮮半島政策也發(fā)生了重大調(diào)整。俄羅斯出于在東北亞的地緣政治、經(jīng)濟和安全利益,逐步確立了在朝鮮半島北南平衡的外交政策。俄羅斯積極發(fā)展與韓國的關系,同時保持與朝鮮的睦鄰友好關系。俄羅斯積極參加朝鮮核問題北京六方會談,在緩和朝鮮半島緊張局勢,維護東北亞地區(qū)和平與穩(wěn)定方面發(fā)揮著建設性作用。中俄兩國在朝鮮半島政策上有許多共同點。加強中俄兩國在解決朝鮮半島問題上的協(xié)調(diào)與合作,對于實現(xiàn)朝鮮半島無核化,共同促進東北亞地區(qū)的和平與發(fā)展,將具有重要意義。本文運用地緣政治學和國際關系理論與方法,系統(tǒng)地研究了俄羅斯朝鮮半島政策的發(fā)展和變化,深入地分析了俄羅斯與朝鮮和韓國的政治、經(jīng)濟和軍事關系,對俄羅斯朝鮮半島政策的特點和走向進行了評價和展望,并對如何加強中俄在朝鮮半島問題上的協(xié)調(diào)與合作進行了探討。 全文共分為五章: 第一章:“俄羅斯朝鮮半島政策的地緣政治分析”。本章主要是從地緣政治視角,分析了冷戰(zhàn)后俄羅斯地緣政治的變化及其對朝鮮半島政策的影響。俄羅斯是一個橫跨歐亞大陸的國家,蘇聯(lián)解體后,俄羅斯的地緣政治中心出現(xiàn)東移,俄羅斯開始轉(zhuǎn)向歐亞平衡的地緣戰(zhàn)略。亞洲在俄羅斯地緣政治中的地位不斷提升。俄羅斯亞洲政策的主要目標是為了維護其東部地區(qū)的地緣政治安全,促進俄羅斯遠東地區(qū)社會經(jīng)濟的振興。朝鮮半島是俄羅斯的近鄰,俄羅斯在朝鮮半島具有重要的政治、經(jīng)濟和安全利益。由于復雜的歷史和地緣政治因素,朝鮮半島是東北亞地區(qū)大國戰(zhàn)略利益交匯之處。這種地緣政治特征決定了朝鮮半島是俄羅斯外交政策的重要方面,俄羅斯與朝鮮和韓國的關系成為其東北亞地區(qū)重要的國家關系。 第二章:“俄羅斯對朝鮮半島的外交政策”。本章從歷史視角縱向地分析了冷戰(zhàn)后俄羅斯對朝鮮半島的外交政策。俄羅斯的朝鮮半島政策經(jīng)歷了重大的調(diào)整,蘇聯(lián)時期實行的是親朝疏韓政策,俄羅斯獨立初期開始實行親韓疏朝政策,90年代中期轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)Τr和韓國“北南平衡”的外交政策。俄羅斯與朝鮮廢除了傳統(tǒng)的軍事同盟關系,在2000年簽署的《俄朝友好、睦鄰與合作條約》基礎上建立了新型國家關系。俄羅斯積極發(fā)展與韓國的關系,確立戰(zhàn)略伙伴關系。俄羅斯積極發(fā)展與朝鮮和韓國的政治、經(jīng)濟、軍事關系,開展各領域的合作。俄羅斯在朝鮮半島問題上,支持朝鮮半島北南雙方自主和平統(tǒng)一進程,堅持通過談判和平解決朝鮮核問題,實現(xiàn)朝鮮半島無核化,維護朝鮮半島的和平與安全,實現(xiàn)東北亞地區(qū)的和平與穩(wěn)定。 第三章:“俄羅斯對朝鮮半島的經(jīng)濟政策”。本章主要論述了俄羅斯與朝鮮和韓國的經(jīng)濟關系。俄羅斯對朝鮮的經(jīng)濟政策進行了重大調(diào)整,從蘇聯(lián)時期經(jīng)濟援助政策轉(zhuǎn)向按市場經(jīng)濟原則發(fā)展兩國經(jīng)貿(mào)關系。俄羅斯與朝鮮的貿(mào)易和投資額比較少,但是,俄羅斯遠東地區(qū)與朝鮮的經(jīng)濟合作顯得十分活躍。俄羅斯與韓國的經(jīng)貿(mào)關系不斷發(fā)展,兩國貿(mào)易額穩(wěn)步快速地增長,韓國成為俄羅斯在亞洲的主要經(jīng)濟伙伴之一。俄羅斯一直積極推動俄、朝、韓三方的經(jīng)濟合作。俄羅斯計劃把西伯利亞鐵路與朝韓鐵路相連接,形成貫通歐亞大陸的戰(zhàn)略運輸通道。與此同時,開辟一條從俄羅斯通向朝鮮和韓國的天然氣管道,打開俄羅斯對朝鮮和韓國的天然氣銷售市場。俄羅斯與朝韓這兩個領域的三方合作取得了一定進展,但是,還面臨著嚴重的障礙,主要是受到朝鮮半島安全局勢的影響。 第四章:“俄羅斯對朝鮮半島的安全政策”。本章主要是論述了俄羅斯與朝鮮和韓國在軍事安全領域的合作,研究了俄羅斯在朝鮮半島南北統(tǒng)一和朝核問題上的原則立場。俄羅斯與朝鮮半島山水相連,朝鮮半島局勢的緊張或沖突直接威脅到俄羅斯遠東地區(qū)的和平與安全。俄羅斯積極發(fā)展與朝鮮和韓國軍事交流,開展安全領域的對話與合作。俄羅斯積極參加朝鮮核問題北京六方會談,為解決朝核問題開展外交協(xié)調(diào)與磋商。俄羅斯堅持朝鮮半島無核化原則,認為北京六方會談是解決朝核問題的唯一途徑。 第五章:“俄羅斯對朝鮮半島政策的影響與走向”。本章對俄羅斯的朝鮮半島政策進行了評價性分析,論述了俄羅斯朝鮮半島政策的特點及其影響,對俄羅斯朝鮮半島政策戰(zhàn)略走向進行了預測性展望,對于中俄在解決朝鮮半島問題上的協(xié)調(diào)與合作進行了探討。俄羅斯朝鮮半島政策具有北南平衡性特點。俄羅斯在維護朝鮮半島和平與穩(wěn)定,通過談判和平解決朝鮮核問題方面,發(fā)揮了積極的建設性作用。俄羅斯將繼續(xù)實行朝鮮半島“北南平衡”的外交政策,積極參與解決朝鮮半島問題,提高俄羅斯在朝鮮半島事務和東北亞地區(qū)的影響力。中國和俄羅斯在朝鮮半島政策上具有共同點,加強中俄在解決朝鮮半島問題上的協(xié)調(diào)與合作,對于維護朝鮮半島的和平與穩(wěn)定,促進東北亞地區(qū)的和平與發(fā)展將具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:The Russian Northeast Asia as the traditional country, have important geo strategic interests in the Korean Peninsula. During the Soviet era, the Korean Peninsula is the Soviet military and political confrontation. The eastern front with the 38 line of the Korean Peninsula is bounded, the formation of the Soviet DPRK and South Korea two military alliance military confrontation. The disintegration of the Soviet Union, the cold war after the changes in the international situation in Northeast Asia and the Korean Peninsula. Russia's policy of the Korean Peninsula have undergone major changes. For Russia in Northeast Asia, the geopolitical, economic and security interests, and gradually established in the north and South Korean balanced foreign policy. Russia actively develop relations with South Korea, at the same time maintain friendly relations with North Korea. Russia actively participate in the Beijing six party talks on the Korean nuclear issue, to ease tensions on the Korean Peninsula and maintaining peace and stability in Northeast Asia Play a constructive role. China and Russia have many common points on the policy of the Korean Peninsula. China and Russia to strengthen bilateral coordination and cooperation in resolving the Korean Peninsula issue, to achieve the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, and jointly promote peace and development in Northeast Asia, will be of great significance. This paper uses the geopolitics and international relations theory and method and systematic study of the Russian Korean Peninsula Policy Changes and development, in-depth analysis of Russia and North Korea and South Korea's political, economic and military relations, characteristics and trend of Russian Korean Peninsula Policy is evaluated and prospected, and on how to strengthen bilateral coordination and cooperation on the Korean Peninsula are discussed.
The full text is divided into five chapters.
The first chapter: "geopolitical analysis" of Russia's Korean Peninsula Policy. This chapter is mainly from the perspective of geopolitics, analyzes the changes of Russian geopolitical politics after the cold war and its influence on the Korean Peninsula Policy. Russia is a transcontinental country, after the Soviet Union, Russia's geopolitical center appears eastward, Russia began to turn the Eurasian balanced geostrategic position in Asia. The Russian geopolitical rising. The main goal of Asia Russia's policy is to maintain its eastern Geopolitical Security, promote the revitalization of Russia far east area social economy. The Korean Peninsula is Russia's neighbors, Russia has important political and economic security on the Korean Peninsula. Interest. Because of the complicated historical and geopolitical factors, the Korean Peninsula is northeast Asia strategic interests to the intersection. The characteristics of border politics determine that the Korean Peninsula is an important aspect of Russian foreign policy. Russia's relationship with Korea and Korea has become an important national relationship in Northeast Asia.
The second chapter: "the Russian foreign policy on the Korean peninsula". This chapter from the perspective of history longitudinal analysis of Russia after the cold war on the Korean Peninsula, Russia's foreign policy. The policy of the Korean Peninsula has undergone a major adjustment, the Soviet Union is the implementation of Pro North Korean policy and Russia, at the beginning of the pro independence Han Shu Dynasty policy, mid 90s to North Korea and South Korea "North South balance" foreign policy. Russia and North Korea abolished the traditional military alliance signed in 2000: Russia and the DPRK friendly and good neighborly cooperation treaty > was established on the basis of the new type of relations between countries. Russia is actively developing relations with South Korea, the establishment of strategic partnership the development of Russia actively with North Korea and South Korea's political, economic and military relations, to carry out cooperation in various fields. Russia on the Korean Peninsula, the Korean peninsula north and south sides of independent peace In the process of unification, we must persist in resolving the Korean nuclear issue peacefully through negotiations, achieve the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, maintain peace and security on the Korean Peninsula, and achieve peace and stability in Northeast Asia.
The third chapter: "Russia on the Korean peninsula economic policy". This chapter mainly discusses the economic relations between Russia and North Korea and South Korea. Russia's economic policy on North Korea made a major adjustment to the development of market economy, according to the principle of bilateral economic and trade relations from economic aid policy of the Soviet era. Russia and North Korea's trade and investment comparison little, however, the economic cooperation between the Russian Far East and North Korea is very active. The continuous development of Russia and South Korea's economic and trade relations, bilateral trade is steady and rapid growth, South Korea has become one of the main economic partners of Russia in Asia. Russia has been actively promoting economic cooperation in Russia, South Korea three. Russia plans to Siberia railway and the railway is connected with the formation of transport channel through the Eurasia strategy. At the same time, open up a country from Russia to South Korea and North Korea Natural gas pipeline has opened Russia's sales of natural gas to North Korea and South Korea. Progress has been made in the three party cooperation between Russia and South Korea and the two areas. However, there are still serious obstacles that are mainly affected by the security situation on the Korean Peninsula.
The fourth chapter: "the Russian security policy on the Korean Peninsula. This chapter mainly discusses Russia and North Korea and South Korea in the field of military security cooperation on the Russian stance on the Korean Peninsula unified and the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula. Russia and the Korean Peninsula landscape, the Korean Peninsula tensions or conflicts of direct threat to the peace and security of the Russian Far East Russia. And the positive development of North and South Korean military exchanges, dialogue and cooperation in the field of security. Russia actively participate in the Beijing six party talks on the Korean nuclear issue, to resolve the nuclear issue to carry out diplomatic consultation and coordination in Russia. Adhere to the principle of denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, Beijing believes that the six party talks is the only way to solve the North Korean nuclear issue.
The fifth chapter: "Russia's influence on the Korean Peninsula Policy and trend". This chapter of the Russian Korean Peninsula Policy evaluation analysis, discusses the characteristics and the influence of Russia's Korean Peninsula Policy towards Russia, on the Korean Peninsula Policy Strategy for the prediction of the prospects for the Sino Russian coordination and cooperation in resolving the Korean Peninsula issue are discussed. The Russian policy of the Korean Peninsula has the North South balance. Russia in maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula through peaceful negotiations to resolve the North Korean nuclear issue, played a positive and constructive role in the Korean Peninsula. Russia will continue to implement the "North South balance" foreign policy, actively participate in the settlement of the Korean Peninsula. To improve the Russian influence in the affairs of the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia. China and Russia have something in common in the Korean Peninsula Policy, strengthen The coordination and cooperation between China and Russia in solving the Korean Peninsula issue will be significant for maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and promoting peace and development in Northeast Asia.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D815.2

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