本文關鍵詞： 公眾輿論 中國外交 正面影響 負面影響　出處：《上海外國語大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：公眾輿論對國家外交行動能力、外交行為效能和外交決策會產生怎樣的影響，是學術界和政策界一直研究的問題。但是，公眾輿論和國家對外行為的研究主要集中于美國研究，即使部分著作關注中國視角，，也主要是談論國內公眾輿論的影響，對中國的外部輿論環(huán)境關注不夠。本文嘗試探析國內外公眾輿論對中國外交的影響。公眾輿論對外交行動能力、成效和決策的影響經歷了一個從弱到強的過程。文章立論以哈貝馬斯溝通行動理論和社會建構理論為基礎，從國內公眾輿論和國際公眾輿論兩個視域，分析其對中國外交行動能力、實踐效果和決策的正面與負面影響。 具體來講，國內公眾輿論對中國外交的正面影響表現在為中國外交提供強大的社會支持和廣泛的認同基礎，負面影響表現在影響國家對外經濟合作和制約國家外交行為空間。國際公眾輿論對中國外交的正面影響表現在肯定開放透明政策，認可當局應急能力；關注首腦外交風范，提升首腦國際聲譽。負面影響表現在：損害中國國家形象，削弱中國外交成效；影響中外經濟合作，增加中國外交挑戰(zhàn)。 為了提高中國外交的行動能力、實施效果和決策水平，加強信息公開、減少負面公眾輿論，動員社會精英、理性引導公眾輿論，開展公共外交、爭取對象國的有利輿論是重要選擇。 研究公眾輿論對于提高新形勢下中國外交的行動能力和實施效果，優(yōu)化外交資源的效用，為中國外交創(chuàng)造一個相對有利的內外部發(fā)展環(huán)境具有重要的理論和現實價值。
[Abstract]:The impact of public opinion on a country's ability to act in foreign affairs, on its effectiveness and on diplomatic decision-making is a question that has always been studied by academia and the policy community. However, the study of public opinion and the foreign behavior of the state is mainly focused on the United States. Even though some of the works focus on the Chinese perspective, they mainly talk about the influence of domestic public opinion. This paper tries to explore the influence of public opinion at home and abroad on China's diplomacy. The influence of effectiveness and decision-making has gone through a process from weak to strong. Based on Habermas' theory of communication action and social construction, this paper discusses the two perspectives of domestic and international public opinion. This paper analyzes the positive and negative influences on China's diplomatic ability, practical effect and decision-making. Specifically, the positive impact of domestic public opinion on China's diplomacy is manifested in providing strong social support and a broad identification basis for China's diplomacy. The negative effects are reflected in the influence on the foreign economic cooperation of the country and the restriction of the space for foreign diplomatic conduct. The positive impact of international public opinion on China's diplomacy is manifested in the affirmation of the open and transparent policy, the recognition of the authorities' emergency response ability, and the concern about the diplomatic style of the head of state. The negative effects are as follows: damaging China's national image, weakening China's diplomatic effectiveness, affecting Sino-foreign economic cooperation and increasing China's diplomatic challenges. In order to improve China's ability to act in diplomacy, to implement results and to make decisions, to enhance the publicity of information, to reduce negative public opinion, to mobilize the social elite, to guide public opinion rationally, and to carry out public diplomacy. It is an important choice to gain favorable public opinion in the target country. It is of great theoretical and practical value to study public opinion to improve the ability and effect of China's diplomacy under the new situation, to optimize the effectiveness of diplomatic resources, and to create a relatively favorable internal and external development environment for China's diplomacy.
【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D820

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