本文關(guān)鍵詞： 大國 國家實(shí)力 量化研究　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著紀(jì)錄片“大國崛起”的熱播，學(xué)術(shù)界和社會(huì)民眾對(duì)大國的和大國興衰歷史的研究都表示出了廣泛的興趣和關(guān)注，關(guān)于中國的大國之路研究著作也隨之大量增加。實(shí)際上，大國和大國關(guān)系一直是外交學(xué)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)一個(gè)重要的研究方向，大國政治也是國際社會(huì)的重要組成部分。而對(duì)大國的研究，始于對(duì)大國的界定概念和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判斷。本文試圖就怎樣的國家實(shí)力才能算得上大國這一具體的問題作出回答，用科學(xué)量化的方法尋找大國判斷的客觀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 本文首先從大國的概念界定入手，將“大國”與“強(qiáng)國”、“霸權(quán)國家”等相近概念作出區(qū)分。在此基礎(chǔ)上，將現(xiàn)有的關(guān)于大國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的理論做簡單梳理，總結(jié)出關(guān)于大國權(quán)力來源的三種思路，即“資源”、“關(guān)系”和“結(jié)果”思路。同時(shí)，對(duì)歷史上的幾個(gè)公認(rèn)的大國經(jīng)驗(yàn)性的分析和總結(jié)，得出不同時(shí)期的大國權(quán)力來源，為之后國家的量化公式推導(dǎo)奠定基礎(chǔ)。 在進(jìn)行了理論分析和歷史研究之后，本文就國家的實(shí)力量化和大國的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行公式推導(dǎo)。在借鑒了“克萊因公式”和相關(guān)的量化方法之后，，形成本文的國力量化公式：P_P=(C+E+M)*(G+D+I)。C為“基本實(shí)體”，E為“經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力”，M為“軍事力量”，這三者代表了國家力量的硬實(shí)力方面。而軟實(shí)力則從“國內(nèi)政治能力”（G），“外交能力”（D）和“國際組織參與程度”（I）三方面來衡量。在進(jìn)行賦值計(jì)算之后，本文提出大國的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為公式計(jì)算總分的15%，即大國公式計(jì)算得分450以上的就是本文所定義的大國。在本文的結(jié)論部分，本文就當(dāng)今世界上幾個(gè)國家的國力進(jìn)行了計(jì)算，得出的結(jié)果為：現(xiàn)在只有美國一個(gè)國家是可以稱為“大國”的，其他的國家如英國、法國、德國、日本、印度的綜合國力值都沒有達(dá)到大國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。中國也沒超過大國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但距離標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值已十分接近。
[Abstract]:With the popularity of the documentary "the rise of the Great Power," the academic community and the public have shown extensive interest and concern in the study of the history of the rise and fall of the great powers, and there has been a huge increase in the number of works on the road to great power in China. The relationship between great powers and great powers has always been an important research direction in the field of diplomacy, and great power politics is also an important part of the international community. This paper attempts to answer the specific question of what kind of national strength can be considered as a great power, and to find the objective criterion of great power judgment by scientific quantification method. This paper begins with the definition of great power, differentiates the similar concepts such as "great power" and "power" and "hegemonic power". On this basis, it simply sorts out the existing theories about the criterion of great power. This paper summarizes three ideas about the sources of great powers' power, that is, "resources", "relations" and "results". At the same time, through the analysis and summary of several recognized experiences of great powers in history, the sources of great power power in different periods are obtained. It lays a foundation for the derivation of the national quantification formula. After the theoretical analysis and historical research, this paper deduces the formula for the quantification of national strength and the judgment standard of the great powers. To form the quantitative formula of national strength in this paper, P: P / T / C / E / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C, which represent the hard power of the national power, while. Capacity "D" and "degree of participation of international organizations" are measured. This paper puts forward that the standard of big country is 15 percent of the total score of the formula, that is, the big country whose score is over 450 is the big country as defined in this paper. In the conclusion of this paper, the national strength of several countries in the world is calculated in this paper. The results are as follows: at present, only one country in the United States can be called a "big country." other countries, such as Britain, France, Germany, Japan, and India, have failed to meet the overall national power standards. China has not exceeded the standard of a big country, either. But the standard value is very close.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D80

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本文編號(hào)：1506452