【摘要】：文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期,意大利人文主義者的自由觀被當(dāng)代共和主義思想史家一并納入共和主義政治文化傳統(tǒng)的宏大體系中。然而,十四五世紀(jì)人文主義者對自由的理解沒有局限在共和主義的框架內(nèi),"德性"這個(gè)充滿倫理色彩的概念才是布魯尼、帕特里齊、斯卡拉等人文主義者權(quán)衡自由的準(zhǔn)繩,他們以"德性"為中心展開的政治思考可稱為"德性政治"。在德性政治的統(tǒng)攝下,自由說到底是對德性的嘉獎,在政體爭辯的背后,上層統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)是否具備德性才是關(guān)鍵所在。德性政治一方面決定了自上而下等級秩序的合理性,另一方面決定了由內(nèi)而外擴(kuò)張征服的合法性。我們一則需要肯定人文主義者崇德、重德、立德之說不失為改善社會風(fēng)氣的一種策略;再則必須警惕在德性名義下的精英主義與帝國主義。
[Abstract]:During the Renaissance, the liberal view of Italian humanists was incorporated into the grand system of Republican political and cultural tradition by contemporary Republican thought historians. However, the humanists' understanding of freedom in the 14th century is not confined to the framework of republicanism. The ethical concept of "virtue" is the yardstick for humanists such as Bruni, Patricia and Skala to weigh freedom. Their political thinking centered on virtue can be called "virtue politics". Under the control of virtue politics, freedom is a reward for virtue, and behind the polity argument, whether the upper ruling group has virtue is the key. On the one hand, virtue politics determines the rationality of top-down hierarchical order, on the other hand, it determines the legitimacy of expansion and conquest from inside to outside. For one thing, we need to affirm the humanists' belief in virtue, respect for virtue, and morality as a strategy to improve social ethos, and then we must guard against elitism and imperialism in the name of virtue.
【作者單位】： 上海師范大學(xué);美國哈佛大學(xué);上海對外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)馬克思主義學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社科基金重大項(xiàng)目“西方國別政治思想史”(批準(zhǔn)文號:13&ZD149)子課題“意大利政治思想史”的階段性成果
【分類號】：K546.32

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1 周婕;試論英國自由觀的起源[J];淮陰師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2005年02期

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