本文選題：ENGO + 環(huán)境弱勢群體　； 參考：《南京大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：環(huán)境問題是現(xiàn)代社會困擾和阻礙人類發(fā)展的巨大難題,這一難題不僅僅反映在人與自然日趨緊張的關系上,同時表現(xiàn)為人與人之間的涉及政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、社會、倫理等方面的一系列錯綜復雜的矛盾關系。對于上述問題的前一個方面來說,由于它對全人類的生存環(huán)境造成了直接的、可感的傷害因此引起了廣泛的重視,人類已經(jīng)付諸行動在技術上不斷尋求突破以減輕對環(huán)境的污染和破壞。而對于后者來說,它以環(huán)境問題的第一個方面為前提并作用到人與人的關系上催生出更為復雜和棘手的挑戰(zhàn)與威脅,卻尚未引起人們足夠的關注。有鑒于此,聚焦和化解環(huán)境正義問題和環(huán)境弱勢群體問題以促進社會的公平正義與穩(wěn)定和諧在現(xiàn)實的情況下是十分必要的。環(huán)境弱勢群體是指在環(huán)境權利的享有與環(huán)境義務的承擔方面不相匹配的群體,他們是在生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化、資源約束趨緊的背景下社會分配的非正義作用在環(huán)境領域的產物,他們的存在和增加極其不利于社會的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展,成為擺在各國面前的難題。在我國的社會轉型過程中,利益分配格局、資源配置方式、社會階層關系的快速嬗變和日益嚴峻的環(huán)境問題交織在一起,使一部分農民、工人和城市居民等被排斥在新的社會結構的邊緣從而在自然資源的利用、環(huán)境權利與生態(tài)利益分配和占有方面處于不利地位,成為了我國的環(huán)境弱勢群體。他們面臨著各種各樣的環(huán)境侵權事件卻無力改變現(xiàn)狀,這就要求政府、企業(yè)以及民間組織伸出援手為他們提供社會支持以維護環(huán)境正義。然而在現(xiàn)有的社會支持網(wǎng)絡中,存在著"政府失靈"、"市場失靈"和"個體失靈"的現(xiàn)象,ENGO作為第三部門似乎就成為重要的補充力量,應在環(huán)境弱勢群體的社會支持中應該扮演好自身的角色。然而在實然層面,ENGO的功能并未能完全釋放,理想與現(xiàn)實之間的偏差嚴重影響了對環(huán)境弱勢群體社會支持的實際效果。因此找到存在偏差的原因并有針對性地提出解決方案,使ENGO在環(huán)境弱勢群體的社會支持中的作用能夠充分發(fā)揮就成了當前的研究重點。本文以ENGO參與環(huán)境弱勢群體的社會支持為研究對象,根據(jù)國內外對環(huán)境弱勢群體的社會支持研究的相關文獻并結合我國的現(xiàn)實狀況,以環(huán)境正義理論和合作治理理論為基礎,分析目前我國環(huán)境弱勢群體的社會支持現(xiàn)狀和ENGO在其中扮演的現(xiàn)實角色與應然狀態(tài)間的落差,提出了完善ENGO參與環(huán)境弱勢群體社會支持的對策與建議。其中重點探討了政府與ENGO的關系的調整,以期通過政府向社會的放權構建政府與民間組織的合作治理,從而為環(huán)境弱勢群體提供更加全面、高效的社會支持,促進社會公平正義的實現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The problem of environment is a huge problem which puzzles and hinders the development of human being in modern society. This problem is not only reflected in the increasingly tense relationship between man and nature, but also in the political, economic, cultural and social aspects of human beings.Ethics and other aspects of a series of intricate contradictions.For the former aspect of the above question, because of its direct and perceptible harm to the living environment of mankind as a whole, it has attracted extensive attention,Mankind has taken action to find technological breakthroughs to reduce pollution and damage to the environment.For the latter, it takes the first aspect of the environmental problem as the premise and plays an important role in the relationship between people, resulting in more complicated and intractable challenges and threats, but it has not attracted enough attention.In view of this, it is necessary to focus on and resolve the problems of environmental justice and environmental vulnerable groups in order to promote social fairness, justice and stability and harmony.Environmental vulnerable group refers to the group that does not match the enjoyment of environmental rights and the undertaking of environmental obligations. They are the result of the unjust role of social distribution in the field of environment under the background of the deterioration of ecological environment and the tightening of resource constraints.Their existence and increase are extremely unfavorable to social stability and development, and become a difficult problem in front of all countries.In the process of social transformation in our country, the pattern of benefit distribution, the mode of resource allocation, the rapid evolution of social stratum relationship and the increasingly severe environmental problems are intertwined, making some farmers,Workers and urban residents are excluded from the edge of the new social structure, thus they are disadvantaged in the utilization of natural resources, the distribution and possession of environmental rights and ecological benefits, and have become the environmental vulnerable groups in our country.They face a variety of environmental violations but can not change the status quo, which requires governments, enterprises and civil society organizations to help them to provide social support to safeguard environmental justice.However, in the existing social support network, there are "government failures", "market failures" and "individual failures". As a third sector, NGOs seem to be an important complementary force.Should play a good role in the social support of the environmental vulnerable groups.However, the function of Ego has not been completely released, and the deviation between ideal and reality has seriously affected the actual effect of social support to the environmental vulnerable groups.Therefore, to find out the cause of the deviation and to put forward the solutions, so that the role of ENGO in the social support of the environmental vulnerable groups can be fully played has become the focus of current research.This paper takes ENGO participation in the social support of the environmental vulnerable groups as the research object, according to the relevant documents of the research on the social support of the environmental vulnerable groups at home and abroad and combined with the reality of our country, based on the theory of environmental justice and cooperative governance theory.This paper analyzes the current situation of social support for the environmental vulnerable groups in China and the gap between the realistic role and the supposed state of ENGO, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to perfect ENGO's participation in the social support of the environmental vulnerable groups.The adjustment of the relationship between the government and the ENGO is discussed in order to construct the cooperative governance between the government and the civil organizations through the decentralization of the government to the society, so as to provide more comprehensive and efficient social support for the vulnerable groups of the environment.Promote the realization of social fairness and justice.
【學位授予單位】：南京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C912.2

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1768016