發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-07 13:08

  本文選題：環(huán)境適應(yīng)性　切入點(diǎn)：傳統(tǒng)聚落　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)聚落是人類應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境的空間產(chǎn)物，聚落形態(tài)的形成及發(fā)展與自然地貌、歷史文化、社會(huì)生活等環(huán)境要素息息相關(guān)。本文旨在對(duì)晉中地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)聚落形態(tài)的外顯表征、歷時(shí)演化、類型辨析等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究，通過(guò)田野調(diào)查分析和歸納傳統(tǒng)聚落的形態(tài)模式。 第1章和第2章為理論探討部分。文章從聚落的環(huán)境適應(yīng)性出發(fā)，綜合建筑學(xué)、聚落地理學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的研究方法，對(duì)環(huán)境適應(yīng)性、傳統(tǒng)聚落、晉中地區(qū)、形態(tài)模式等概念進(jìn)行限定和闡釋。在探討聚落形態(tài)與外部環(huán)境的層級(jí)和互動(dòng)關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)上，梳理晉中地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)聚落的物質(zhì)環(huán)境要素和人文環(huán)境要素，說(shuō)明環(huán)境要素的地區(qū)性分異和導(dǎo)向作用。 第3章至第5章為實(shí)證分析部分。聚落形態(tài)由空間形態(tài)和社會(huì)形態(tài)構(gòu)成，前者又分為整體形態(tài)和建筑形態(tài)。首先對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)空間構(gòu)形方式進(jìn)行提煉，結(jié)合晉中地區(qū)特有的環(huán)境特征，分別對(duì)平原和山地環(huán)境的傳統(tǒng)聚落進(jìn)行樣本解讀。應(yīng)用類型學(xué)的方法，結(jié)合拓?fù)淇臻g和可視化分析，將晉中地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)聚落的整體形態(tài)劃分為主動(dòng)式、受動(dòng)式和綜合式，分析各類聚落的形態(tài)演化趨勢(shì)和結(jié)構(gòu)特征。其次，對(duì)聚落建筑單元樣本進(jìn)行歷時(shí)性分析，總結(jié)建筑形態(tài)的單元構(gòu)成、空間秩序和聚合方式。此外，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)聚落的社會(huì)組織演變、等級(jí)規(guī)模分布和多向度拓展進(jìn)行分析，以人口變遷為參照總結(jié)傳統(tǒng)聚落的社會(huì)形態(tài)表征。 第6章和第7章為拓展與結(jié)論部分。對(duì)整體形態(tài)、建筑形態(tài)、社會(huì)形態(tài)進(jìn)行總結(jié)，并對(duì)傳統(tǒng)聚落形態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)性和地區(qū)性特征做進(jìn)一步探討，利用形態(tài)模式的研究方法對(duì)不同維度的聚落問(wèn)題進(jìn)行解讀，應(yīng)對(duì)當(dāng)代社會(huì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題。 本研究以21個(gè)縣區(qū)的57個(gè)聚落案例的調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)，探索傳統(tǒng)聚落的適應(yīng)性發(fā)展。研究兼顧理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)的雙重意義，尤其在城鎮(zhèn)化趨勢(shì)加速的當(dāng)代，，聚落空間與社會(huì)生活面臨多元沖擊，物質(zhì)空間的消解和生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變成為當(dāng)代建成環(huán)境所面臨的重要問(wèn)題。通過(guò)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)聚落的形態(tài)模式展開(kāi)綜合性研究，有助于對(duì)聚落空間的更新發(fā)展、歷史文化的傳承延續(xù)提供理論支撐和方法借鑒。
[Abstract]:Traditional settlement is the spatial product of human response to the environment. The formation and development of settlement form are closely related to the environmental elements such as natural landform, history and culture, social life and so on. Diachronic evolution, type discrimination and other problems are studied, and traditional settlement patterns are analyzed and summarized through field investigation. The first and second chapters are the theoretical discussion part. The article starts from the environment adaptability of the settlement, synthesizes the research methods in the fields of architecture, settlement geography, sociology and so on, and it has great influence on the environmental adaptability, the traditional settlement, the Jinzhong area, etc. On the basis of discussing the hierarchical and interactive relationship between settlement form and external environment, the material and humanistic environmental elements of traditional settlement in Jinzhong region are combed. Explain the regional differentiation and guiding role of environmental elements. Chapter 3 to chapter 5 is the part of empirical analysis. The settlement form is composed of spatial form and social form, the former is divided into integral form and architectural form. Firstly, the traditional spatial configuration of China is refined. Combined with the special environmental characteristics of Jinzhong area, the traditional settlements of plain and mountain environment were analyzed by samples. The typology method, topological space and visualization analysis were used. The whole form of traditional settlement in Jinzhong area is divided into active type, dynamic type and comprehensive type, and the evolution trend and structural characteristics of various types of settlements are analyzed. Secondly, the diachronic analysis of settlement building unit samples is carried out. In addition, the evolution of social organization, the distribution of grade scale and the expansion of multi-direction of traditional settlement are analyzed, and the characteristics of social form of traditional settlement are summarized with the reference of population change. Chapter 6 and chapter 7 are the part of expansion and conclusion. It summarizes the whole form, the architectural form, the social form, and further discusses the structural and regional characteristics of the traditional settlement form. Using the research method of morphological pattern to interpret the settlement problem in different dimensions, we should deal with the realistic problems in contemporary society. Based on the investigation of 57 settlement cases in 21 counties and districts, this study explores the adaptive development of traditional settlements. Settlement space and social life are facing multiple impacts, and the deconstruction of material space and the transformation of life style have become the important problems faced by the contemporary built environment. It is helpful to provide theoretical support and method reference for the renewal and development of settlement space and the continuation of historical and cultural heritage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU982.29;C912.82

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