【摘要】：社會(huì)保障制度是指國(guó)家和社會(huì)按照法律規(guī)定對(duì)社會(huì)成員的基本生活給予保障的社會(huì)安全制度。它指的是社會(huì)成員因年老、殘疾、失業(yè)、傷殘、生育、死亡、災(zāi)害等因而失去勞動(dòng)能力或生活遇到障礙時(shí)，依法從國(guó)家和社會(huì)獲得基本生活需求的保障。社會(huì)保障制度是伴隨生產(chǎn)社會(huì)化和市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的形成建立起來(lái)的，從世界范圍來(lái)看，已經(jīng)存在和發(fā)生了100多年。由于它對(duì)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、穩(wěn)定社會(huì)秩序有著重要作用，被喻為社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的“安全網(wǎng)”、“減震器”。 在重建發(fā)展中國(guó)家社會(huì)保障的呼聲高漲的今天，研究蒙古國(guó)社會(huì)保障問(wèn)題是很有理論和實(shí)戰(zhàn)意義的。蒙古國(guó)是個(gè)典型的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，它的社會(huì)保障體系是在1921年人民革命勝利之后，在蘇聯(lián)的幫助和影響之下建立起來(lái)的。1991年隨著前蘇聯(lián)的解體和東歐的劇變，蒙古國(guó)的走向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)、實(shí)行國(guó)有資產(chǎn)私有化，社會(huì)保障制度也順應(yīng)整個(gè)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)的變化進(jìn)行了改革。蒙古國(guó)的社會(huì)保障制度是效仿西方工業(yè)國(guó)家社會(huì)保障模式建立起來(lái)的，，屬于工業(yè)社會(huì)保障體系——以社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)為核心。蒙古國(guó)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)種類(lèi)主要有養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、救濟(jì)保險(xiǎn)、醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)、工傷保險(xiǎn)和失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)。這個(gè)社會(huì)保障體系在蒙古國(guó)公民當(dāng)中并沒(méi)有起到很好的保障作用。
[Abstract]:The social security system refers to the social security system that the state and society guarantee the basic life of the social members in accordance with the law. It refers to the social members because of old age, disability, unemployment, disability, childbirth, death, disasters and so on as a result of the loss of labor capacity or life obstacles, according to law from the state and society to obtain basic needs of life protection. The social security system has been established along with the socialization of production and the formation of market economy. Because it plays an important role in developing economy and stabilizing social order, it is called "safety net" and "shock absorber" for social and economic development. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the problem of social security in Mongolia at a time when the voice of social security in developing countries is rising. Mongolia is a typical developing country. Its social security system was established with the help and influence of the Soviet Union after the victory of the people's Revolution in 1921. 1991, with the disintegration of the former Soviet Union and the dramatic changes in Eastern Europe, Mongolia's transition to market economy, the privatization of state-owned assets, and the reform of the social security system conform to the political and economic changes of the whole country. The social security system of Mongolia is established by imitating the social security model of the western industrial countries and belongs to the industrial social security system-taking social insurance as the core. The main types of social insurance in Mongolia are old-age insurance, relief insurance, medical insurance, industrial injury insurance and unemployment insurance. This social security system does not play a very good role in the protection of Mongolian citizens.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F843.11

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