【摘要】：乞討現(xiàn)象縱向上存在于古代到現(xiàn)代,橫向上遍布國內(nèi)與國外。但是現(xiàn)當代的大多數(shù)乞討者已經(jīng)不簡簡單單是因為生活無著,無生存能力支付生活開支。而是更多的將乞討視為謀生發(fā)家致富的手段與方式。大多數(shù)的職業(yè)乞討人員所屬的流出地均為經(jīng)濟欠發(fā)達地區(qū)與偏遠山區(qū),通過選擇經(jīng)濟發(fā)達人口眾多的城市作為自己乞討的流出地區(qū),以利用未成年人、老年人、生活不能自理的殘疾人作為悲慘生活的借口、虛構經(jīng)歷騙取熱心市民的同情心以達到自身賺取錢財?shù)哪康摹２⑶覍τ趤碜跃戎芾碚竟ぷ魅藛T的主動勸導與政府部門的救助,職業(yè)乞討人員則不予接受,因其生活并非無法自理,通過乞討不再是作為生活物資來源,不忍受饑餓,而是通過此方式獲得更多的資金積累發(fā)家致富,故而不會接受來自政府部門的救濟。但因為救助的大前提是以自愿為原則的,因此無法強制性的對待乞討者,也無法不考慮其自身意愿將其帶離。但長此以往并不能將日益增多的乞討現(xiàn)象減少甚至根除,甚至為社會治安帶來隱患以及對整個市容市貌會造成嚴重危害。故而,想要將職業(yè)乞討群體治理好必須創(chuàng)建完善一套卓有成效的工作機制。雖然近年來隨著乞討現(xiàn)象的日益增多使得整個社會的關注度相較于以前有了大的提升,但是學術界對于職業(yè)乞討群體治理的研究卻仍舊沒有數(shù)量上的可觀度。鄭州,作為河南省的省會城市,人口密度大,經(jīng)濟較為發(fā)達,是職業(yè)乞討人員“發(fā)家致富”的上等選擇。本文以筆者以鄭州市的職業(yè)乞討群體作為研究對象,著重分析其人數(shù)變化、性別年齡、出現(xiàn)規(guī)律、流出地區(qū)、乞討所得、原先職業(yè)等現(xiàn)存狀況分析,從全國社會保障差異、職業(yè)乞討斂財目的、受流出地文化習俗影響等因素分析職業(yè)乞討群體形成的原因,并且結合鄭州市近年來救助管理站的管理經(jīng)驗與管理措施,綜合分析出目前存在的不足與優(yōu)勢,提出進一步的關于職業(yè)乞討群體治理的若干建議與完善健全現(xiàn)有的法律規(guī)章與工作機制。以期能夠找出適合鄭州市的職業(yè)乞討群體的治理方案,為有效治理提出建議,并且提升城市自身的文明程度。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of begging existed longitudinally from ancient times to modern times and spread horizontally both at home and abroad. But most beggars today and today are no longer simply because they can't afford to live. It is more about begging as a means and way to make a living and become rich. Most of the professional beggars belong to economically underdeveloped areas and remote mountain areas. By choosing cities with large numbers of economically developed people as the outflow areas of their own begging, they can make use of minors and the elderly. The disabled who can not take care of themselves as an excuse for a miserable life, fictional experience deceives the sympathy of enthusiastic citizens to achieve their own purpose of earning money. And the professional beggars will not accept the active persuasion from the staff of the aid management station and the assistance provided by the government, because they are not unable to take care of themselves, and by begging is no longer used as a source of living materials and does not suffer from hunger. Instead, they get more money to amass and become rich, so they won't accept relief from the government. But because the premise of aid is voluntary, there is no compulsory treatment of beggars, nor can they be taken away without regard for their own will. But in the long run, the phenomenon of begging can not be reduced or even eradicated, even bring hidden trouble to the public security and the appearance of the whole city will cause serious harm. Therefore, it is necessary to establish and perfect a set of effective working mechanism to manage the professional begging group well. In recent years, with the increasing of begging phenomenon, the attention of the whole society has been greatly improved, but the academic research on the governance of professional begging group is still not significant in quantity. Zhengzhou, as the capital city of Henan Province, has a large population density and developed economy. It is the best choice for professional beggars to make their families rich. In this paper, the author takes the professional begging group in Zhengzhou as the research object, focusing on the analysis of the population change, gender and age, occurrence law, outflow area, begging income, original occupation and other existing situation analysis, from the national social security differences. This paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of the professional begging group, such as the purpose of professional begging and the influence of the cultural customs in the outflow area, and combines the management experience and measures of the relief management station in Zhengzhou in recent years. This paper comprehensively analyzes the shortcomings and advantages at present, puts forward some further suggestions on the governance of professional begging groups, and consummates and perfects the existing laws and regulations and working mechanism. In order to find out suitable for Zhengzhou professional begging group governance plan, for effective governance, and improve the city's own civilization.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D631.4

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本文編號：2184024