山東省城鄉(xiāng)居民健康不平等及其分解研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-20 11:49
【摘要】：研究背景健康是人類存在和發(fā)展的基礎,追求健康是人類社會的共同奮斗目標。改革開放以來,隨著經濟社會的迅速發(fā)展、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生技術水平的進步以及社會保障制度的逐步完善,居民的健康狀況明顯改善,期望壽命大幅提高。但居民健康水平在不同地區(qū)之間、不同人群之間的不平等現象依然存在,特別是由收入等社會經濟因素導致的健康不平等出現加劇的趨勢。研究目的本論文利用全國第五次衛(wèi)生服務調查山東省部分的數據,通過對自評健康相關數據進行分析,了解城鄉(xiāng)居民自評健康不平等的影響因素,探索居民自評健康的不平等程度,并對城鄉(xiāng)居民健康不平等的來源進行分析,并按其重要性進行排序,在此基礎上有針對性的提出改善山東省城鄉(xiāng)居民自評健康不平等的對策建議。研究方法資料來源于山東省第五次全國衛(wèi)生服務調查數據。第五次衛(wèi)生服務調查采用多階段分層整群隨機抽樣的方法進行抽取,共抽取20個樣本縣(市、區(qū)),共12000戶(近4萬人)納入本次調查。本研究根據需要選取15歲以上的居民共27599人。利用STATA12.0軟件進行統(tǒng)計分析,對變量進行描述性統(tǒng)計分析、單因素卡方檢驗以及Logistic回歸分析,探索影響居民自評健康結果的因素,利用集中指數分解法探索各個影響因素對居民自評健康結果不平等的貢獻率。主要結果(1)山東省城鄉(xiāng)居民自評健康不良率為12.4%,其中城鎮(zhèn)居民自評健康不良率為11.3%,農村居民自評健康不良率為13.7%。(2)L ogistic回歸結果顯示,影響城鄉(xiāng)居民自評健康不良結果的因素中,年齡、婚姻狀況、受教育程度、就業(yè)狀況、居住地區(qū)、廁所類型、家庭人均收入等差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。(3)山東省城鎮(zhèn)居民自評健康不良結果的集中指數為-0.125,農村居民自評健康不良結果的集中指數為-0.287,集中曲線均位于絕對公平線的上方。(4)城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū),收入、受教育水平、廁所類型對自評健康不良的貢獻率分別為64.492%、26.603%、10.492%；農村地區(qū)收入、年齡、受教育水平對自評健康不良的貢獻率分別為48.394%、13.842%、10.412%。結論與建議山東省城鄉(xiāng)居民自評健康存在親窮不平等,農村居民自評健康不平等程度大于城鎮(zhèn)居民。城鄉(xiāng)居民自評健康不平等的來源中收入是第一位的貢獻因素,受教育程度是主要貢獻因素。城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū),廁所類型是影響居民自評健康不平等的第三位貢獻因素；農村地區(qū)年齡是影響居民自評健康不平等的第二位貢獻因素；就業(yè)狀況會擴大農村地區(qū)自評健康不平等、縮小城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)自評健康不平等。針對上述結論提出的政策建議有：縮小收入差距,促進收入分配公平性；提高居民受教育水平,普及健康相關知識；加強農民技能培訓,提高農民技能；加快推進對棚戶區(qū)、城中村改造工作。
[Abstract]:Background Health is the foundation of human existence and development, and the pursuit of health is the common goal of human society. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economy and society, the progress of medical and health technology and the gradual improvement of social security system, the health status of residents has been obviously improved, and the life expectancy has been greatly increased. However, the health level of residents in different regions and between different groups of people still exist inequality, especially the income and other social and economic factors caused by the health inequality is increasing trend. Objective to study the influencing factors of self-rated health inequality in urban and rural residents by analyzing the data of the fifth national health service survey in Shandong Province. To explore the inequality degree of residents' self-assessment of health, and analyze the sources of health inequality of urban and rural residents, and rank it according to its importance. On this basis, the author puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the health inequality of urban and rural residents in Shandong Province. The data of the research methods were derived from the data of the Fifth National Health Service Survey of Shandong Province. The fifth health service survey adopted the method of multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. A total of 20 sample counties (cities and districts) were selected and 12000 households (nearly 40 thousand people) were included in the survey. In this study, 27599 residents over 15 years old were selected according to their needs. Using STATA12.0 software for statistical analysis, descriptive statistical analysis of variables, single-factor chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the factors that affect the health outcomes of residents self-rated. The contribution rate of various influencing factors to the inequality of residents' self-rated health outcomes was explored by means of concentrated exponential decomposition method. The main results were as follows: (1) the rate of self-rated poor health of urban and rural residents in Shandong Province was 12.4. among them, the rate of self-rated health of urban and rural residents was 11.3 and that of rural residents was 13.7%. (2) the results of L ogistic regression showed that, among the factors influencing the self-assessment of poor health of urban and rural residents, Age, marital status, education, employment status, residence area, toilet type, There were significant differences in family per capita income (P0.05). (3). The concentration index of self-assessment of poor health results of urban residents in Shandong Province was -0.125, and that of rural residents was -0.287. The concentration curve was located on the line of absolute fairness. Above. (4) Urban areas, The contribution rate of income, education level and toilet type to self-rated health was 64.4920.26.603and 10.492.The contribution rate of income, age and education level to self-rated health was 48.39413.842and 10.412in rural areas, respectively. Conclusion and it is suggested that urban and rural residents in Shandong Province have inequality in self-assessment of health, and the degree of self-assessment of health of rural residents is greater than that of urban residents. Income is the first contributing factor and education level is the main contributing factor among the sources of self-rated health inequality of urban and rural residents. In urban areas, toilet type is the third contributing factor to self-assessment health inequality; age is the second contributing factor to self-assessment health inequality in rural areas; employment situation will expand self-assessment health inequality in rural areas. Reduce self-assessment of health inequality in urban areas. In response to the above conclusions, the policy recommendations are: narrowing the income gap, promoting income distribution equity; improving the education level of residents, popularizing health-related knowledge; strengthening farmers' skills training, improving farmers' skills; accelerating the promotion of shantytown, Transformation of villages in cities.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R195
本文編號：2133421
[Abstract]:Background Health is the foundation of human existence and development, and the pursuit of health is the common goal of human society. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economy and society, the progress of medical and health technology and the gradual improvement of social security system, the health status of residents has been obviously improved, and the life expectancy has been greatly increased. However, the health level of residents in different regions and between different groups of people still exist inequality, especially the income and other social and economic factors caused by the health inequality is increasing trend. Objective to study the influencing factors of self-rated health inequality in urban and rural residents by analyzing the data of the fifth national health service survey in Shandong Province. To explore the inequality degree of residents' self-assessment of health, and analyze the sources of health inequality of urban and rural residents, and rank it according to its importance. On this basis, the author puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the health inequality of urban and rural residents in Shandong Province. The data of the research methods were derived from the data of the Fifth National Health Service Survey of Shandong Province. The fifth health service survey adopted the method of multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. A total of 20 sample counties (cities and districts) were selected and 12000 households (nearly 40 thousand people) were included in the survey. In this study, 27599 residents over 15 years old were selected according to their needs. Using STATA12.0 software for statistical analysis, descriptive statistical analysis of variables, single-factor chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the factors that affect the health outcomes of residents self-rated. The contribution rate of various influencing factors to the inequality of residents' self-rated health outcomes was explored by means of concentrated exponential decomposition method. The main results were as follows: (1) the rate of self-rated poor health of urban and rural residents in Shandong Province was 12.4. among them, the rate of self-rated health of urban and rural residents was 11.3 and that of rural residents was 13.7%. (2) the results of L ogistic regression showed that, among the factors influencing the self-assessment of poor health of urban and rural residents, Age, marital status, education, employment status, residence area, toilet type, There were significant differences in family per capita income (P0.05). (3). The concentration index of self-assessment of poor health results of urban residents in Shandong Province was -0.125, and that of rural residents was -0.287. The concentration curve was located on the line of absolute fairness. Above. (4) Urban areas, The contribution rate of income, education level and toilet type to self-rated health was 64.4920.26.603and 10.492.The contribution rate of income, age and education level to self-rated health was 48.39413.842and 10.412in rural areas, respectively. Conclusion and it is suggested that urban and rural residents in Shandong Province have inequality in self-assessment of health, and the degree of self-assessment of health of rural residents is greater than that of urban residents. Income is the first contributing factor and education level is the main contributing factor among the sources of self-rated health inequality of urban and rural residents. In urban areas, toilet type is the third contributing factor to self-assessment health inequality; age is the second contributing factor to self-assessment health inequality in rural areas; employment situation will expand self-assessment health inequality in rural areas. Reduce self-assessment of health inequality in urban areas. In response to the above conclusions, the policy recommendations are: narrowing the income gap, promoting income distribution equity; improving the education level of residents, popularizing health-related knowledge; strengthening farmers' skills training, improving farmers' skills; accelerating the promotion of shantytown, Transformation of villages in cities.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R195
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