發(fā)布時間：2024-01-17 18:26

　　委婉語作為一種語言策略,因其獨特的功能一直是語言學(xué)研究的重要對象之一。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者從修辭學(xué)、語義學(xué)、語用學(xué)、社會語言學(xué)及認知語言學(xué)的角度對委婉語做了大量的研究,并且取得了可觀的成就。軍事委婉語作為一種特殊的委婉語除了具有普通委婉語的基本功能之外還有其獨特政治和軍事動機。一般而言，它主要由中性詞、武器昵稱、軍事行動代號和首字母縮略詞的運用構(gòu)成。擴大的語義和間接語義是軍事委婉語的主要特征。普通委婉語的運用主要是為了避諱提及禁忌的事物，而軍事委婉語的運用主要是為了遮掩和美化戰(zhàn)爭。例如，用附帶損傷來指平民傷亡、用黑鷹來命名一種直升機、赤裸裸的侵略戰(zhàn)爭被描繪成“正義事業(yè)”、大規(guī)模殺傷性武器經(jīng)常被稱為WMD等等。國外已有學(xué)者根據(jù)對伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭的報道編撰了軍事委婉語的詞匯表，但國內(nèi)對軍事委婉語的研究還是很缺乏，相關(guān)研究只是介紹其語義特征和語用功能而且缺乏可信的實例。之前也有學(xué)者試圖從認知語言學(xué)的角度對委婉語的生成機制作出研究，但都缺乏統(tǒng)一的理論支撐他們的設(shè)想。本文嘗試運用中國語言學(xué)家徐盛桓所提出的外延內(nèi)涵傳承對軍事委婉語的生成機制作出新的探索。 外延內(nèi)涵傳承為研究隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻提供了一個新的視角。徐盛桓認為...

【文章頁數(shù)】：78 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Abstract
摘要
List of Figures
Chapter One Introduction
    1.1 The Objective of the Study
    1.2 Scope of the Study
    1.3 Research Questions
    1.4 Data Collection and Methodology
    1.5 Organization of the Thesis
Chapter Two Literature Review
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Previous Studies on Euphemisms
        2.2.1 Rhetorical Studies
        2.2.2 Semantic Studies
        2.2.3 Pragmatic Studies
        2.2.4 Sociolinguistic Studies
        2.2.5 Cognitive Studies
    2.3 Previous Studies on Military Euphemisms
    2.4 Summary
Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Stereotypical Relation
        3.2.1 Properties of Stereotypical Relation
        3.2.2 Stereotypical Relation as a Cognitive Tool
    3.3 Type Hierarchy Structure
    3.4 Denotation-Connotation Inheritance
    3.5 Summary
Chapter Four Features and Classifications of Military Euphemisms
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Formations of Military Euphemisms
        4.2.1 The Applications of Initialisms
        4.2.2 The Applications of Nicknames and Code Names
        4.2.3 The Applications of Neutral Words
    4.3 Features of Military Euphemisms
        4.3.1 The Widened Semantic Meaning
        4.3.2 The Indirect Semantic Meaning
        4.3.3 Features Different from Those of Other Euphemisms
    4.4 Classifications of Military Euphemisms
        4.4.1 The Military
        4.4.2 Armaments
        4.4.3 Strategies
    4.5 Summary
Chapter Five A Cognitive Analysis on Military Euphemisms
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Analyses Based on Four Inheritance Patterns
        5.2.1 The Inheritance Pattern of Position
        5.2.2 The Inheritance Pattern of Property
        5.2.3 The Inheritance Pattern of Origin
        5.2.4 The Inheritance Pattern of Function
    5.3 A Mechanism of Production of Military Euphemisms
    5.4 Summary
Chapter Six Conclusion
    6.1 A Brief Summary
    6.2 Major Findings
    6.3 Limitations
    6.4 Implications
Bibliography
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