本文選題：中國共產(chǎn)黨 + 農(nóng)民�。� 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：中國革命的成功是中國共產(chǎn)黨和農(nóng)民相互信任關(guān)系確立并不斷鞏固強(qiáng)化的結(jié)果。中華人民共和國成立后,中國共產(chǎn)黨從革命黨轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閳?zhí)政黨,能否繼續(xù)贏得中國最大社會(huì)群體農(nóng)民的信任和支持,是中國共產(chǎn)黨長期執(zhí)政、國家政治穩(wěn)定、社會(huì)和諧發(fā)展的的重要基礎(chǔ)�？傮w而言,建國六十多年以來,由于生存狀態(tài)和政治地位較之解放前得到了根本改善,我國農(nóng)民對中國共產(chǎn)黨的政治信任水平處于較高水平。然而,農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)向工業(yè)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的時(shí)代特征以及后發(fā)趕超型現(xiàn)代化的國情限制對于中國農(nóng)民問題的解決同時(shí)提供了巨大的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn),農(nóng)民問題隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)體制、政治模式、社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的變遷,在錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的矛盾運(yùn)動(dòng)中不斷得到解決,又不斷重新凸現(xiàn)。土改讓農(nóng)民獲得了最重要的生產(chǎn)資料土地,滿足了農(nóng)民的經(jīng)濟(jì)需求,查田定產(chǎn)建構(gòu)了農(nóng)民的國家意識;同時(shí),黨組織深入農(nóng)村基層,鄉(xiāng)制的民主組建,組建并賦權(quán)于農(nóng)民協(xié)會(huì),使得國家政權(quán)深入鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì),密切了黨和農(nóng)民的關(guān)系;政治動(dòng)員、階級劃分,進(jìn)一步喚醒了農(nóng)民的階級意識,強(qiáng)化了農(nóng)民對執(zhí)政黨的信任。面對土改后農(nóng)村社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)及小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟(jì)存在的弱點(diǎn),中國共產(chǎn)黨疑慮并試圖改造農(nóng)民的小生產(chǎn)者屬性,通過變革農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的途徑來提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力,并為國家工業(yè)化作出貢獻(xiàn):一方面,加速推進(jìn)土地逐步公有化的合作社形式的升級,實(shí)施農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷政策;一方面調(diào)整階級路線,加大對農(nóng)民的國家利益教育和政策宣傳。農(nóng)民的政治心理因此出現(xiàn)了徘徊,出現(xiàn)了退社行為,但隨著黨的思想工作、階級策略和政治壓力,農(nóng)民在一定程度上逐漸信任并服從黨的政策。大躍進(jìn)和大饑荒使農(nóng)民的生存狀態(tài)驟然惡化,雖然人民公社的體制出現(xiàn)調(diào)整和反復(fù),但高度集中的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制和全能主義政權(quán)的基本制度,破壞了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力,阻礙了農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)積極性和能動(dòng)性,不斷加劇的階級斗爭和意識形態(tài)教育并未能提升農(nóng)民的政治信任,農(nóng)民對黨和國家政策以及鄉(xiāng)村干部的信任度日益降低,出現(xiàn)了怠工、瞞產(chǎn)、化公為私等隱性對抗行為。家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制的推行和穩(wěn)定,迅速提高了農(nóng)民的經(jīng)濟(jì)收入,隨后的人民公社解體和鄉(xiāng)政村治的確立一定程度滿足了農(nóng)民民主管理村務(wù)的要求,農(nóng)民對黨和國家的信任迅速恢復(fù)。20世紀(jì)90年代,各種體制性、結(jié)構(gòu)性、政策性矛盾日益增加,組織化程度降低的農(nóng)民在市場競爭中日漸式微,農(nóng)業(yè)持續(xù)增產(chǎn)、農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收的勢頭有所減弱,農(nóng)民負(fù)擔(dān)日益沉重,社會(huì)分化與貧富差距持續(xù)拉大,農(nóng)村干群關(guān)系惡化,農(nóng)民對黨的政治信任呈現(xiàn)下滑趨勢。農(nóng)村稅費(fèi)改革和社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)兩大戰(zhàn)略的出臺(tái)以及農(nóng)村教育、醫(yī)療、低保等方面的新近舉措昭示著中國共產(chǎn)黨改善農(nóng)民生存狀況、提升農(nóng)民政治信任的決心,但重塑農(nóng)民對執(zhí)政黨的政治信任依然面臨著諸多挑戰(zhàn)和阻擾。審視建國后不同歷史時(shí)期中國共產(chǎn)黨和農(nóng)民的政治信任關(guān)系及其階段性狀況、特征、變遷、趨向,本文認(rèn)為,產(chǎn)權(quán)制度與農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的耦合是決定中國共產(chǎn)黨與農(nóng)民信任關(guān)系的經(jīng)濟(jì)維度,基層政權(quán)與農(nóng)村社會(huì)的對接是決定中國共產(chǎn)黨與農(nóng)民政治信任關(guān)系的政治因素,意識形態(tài)與農(nóng)民心理的碰撞是決定中國共產(chǎn)黨與農(nóng)民政治信任關(guān)系的價(jià)值變量,目標(biāo)訴求與利益訴求的博弈是決定中國共產(chǎn)黨與農(nóng)民政治信任關(guān)系的根本邏輯,馬克思主義“三農(nóng)”理論在中國共產(chǎn)黨執(zhí)政與發(fā)展同農(nóng)民信任關(guān)系的歷史語境和鄉(xiāng)土實(shí)踐中完成中國化。
[Abstract]:The success of the Chinese revolution was the result of the establishment and consolidation of the mutual trust between the Chinese Communist Party and the peasants. After the founding of People's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China was transformed from the revolutionary party to the ruling party, and could he continue to win the trust and support of the peasants of the largest social group in China. It was the long-term ruling of the Communist Party of China and the political stability of the state. In general, since the founding of the people's Republic of China, since the founding of the people's Republic of China for more than 60 years, the political trust level of the Chinese Communist Party is at a high level because of the fundamental improvement in the state of existence and political status before liberation. The restriction of the national conditions has provided great opportunities and challenges for the solution of the problem of Chinese farmers. With the changes of the economic system, political model and social structure, the peasant problem has been continuously solved in the complex and complex contradiction movement. At the same time, the party organization went deep into the rural grass-roots, the Democratic formation of the township system, the establishment and empowerment of the peasant association, which made the state power deep in the rural society and close the relationship between the party and the peasants; the political mobilization and class division had further awakened the peasants' class consciousness and strengthened the peasants. In the face of the social structure of the rural areas and the weakness of the small peasant economy after the land reform, the Communist Party of China is doubting and trying to transform the farmers' small producers' attributes, improving the agricultural productivity by changing the rural production relations and contributing to the national industrialization: on the one hand, accelerate the gradual public ownership of the land. On the one hand, the peasantry's political psychology has been wandering and the political pressure of the peasantry, but with the party's ideological work, class strategy and political pressure, the peasants gradually trust and trust to a certain extent, and the peasants have gradually trust and trust with the party's ideological work, class strategy and political pressure. Obedience to the party's policy. The great leap forward and the great famine have caused a sudden deterioration in the living state of the peasants. Although the system of the people's commune has been adjusted and repeated, the highly centralized planned economic system and the basic system of the Almighty regime have undermined the productive forces of agriculture, hindered the farmers' productive enthusiasm and activity, and intensified the class struggle. And the ideological education has not promoted the political trust of the peasants. The farmers' trust in the party and state policies and the rural cadres has been increasingly reduced, and there have been recessive antagonism, such as idle work, conceal production and private equity. The implementation and stability of the system of household contract responsibility has rapidly increased the economic income of the farmers, and then the disintegration of the people's Commune and the disintegration of the people's Commune and the disintegration of the people's Commune and the disintegration of the people's Commune and the disintegration of the people's Commune and the disintegration of the people's Commune and the disintegration of the people's commune and the disintegration of the people's Commune and the disintegration of the people's commune, The establishment of township government village governance to a certain extent met the requirements of farmers' democratic management of the village affairs. The farmers' trust in the party and the state quickly restored to the 90s.20 century, with various institutional, structural, and policy contradictions increasing, and the declining organization of farmers in the market competition, the continuous increase in agricultural production and the continuous increase of farmers' income. The burdens of the peasants are becoming more and more heavy, the social differentiation and the gap between the rich and the poor continue to widen, the relationship between the rural cadres and the masses is deteriorating, and the peasants' political trust in the party is declining. The new measures in the rural tax and fee reform and the two major strategies of the construction of the socialist new rural construction, and the new measures in rural education, medical treatment and low insurance have shown the Communist Party of China. In order to improve the living conditions of farmers and promote the political trust of the peasants, it is still facing many challenges and obstacles to reshape the political trust of the party to the ruling party. The political trust relationship between the Chinese Communist Party and the peasants in different historical periods after the founding of the people's Republic of China and its stage status, characteristics, changes and trends are considered. This article holds that the property right system and agricultural production are in this paper. The coupling is the economic dimension that determines the relationship between the Chinese Communist Party and the peasants. The docking of the grass-roots political power and the rural society is the political factor that determines the political trust relationship between the Chinese Communist Party and the peasants. The collision of ideology and farmers' psychology is the value variable that determines the relationship between the Chinese Communist Party and the peasants' political trust and the objective demands and interests. The game of the appeal is the fundamental logic to determine the relationship between the Chinese Communist Party and the peasants' political trust. The theory of Marx's "three rural" is completed in the historical context of the Chinese Communist Party's ruling and development with the farmers' trust relationship and the local practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D25;D422.6

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本文編號：2013353