本文選題：建國初期 + 上海城市��； 參考：《上海大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：近代以來,上海因為商業(yè)的興盛逐漸發(fā)展為遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)最為現(xiàn)代化的城市,也曾被中共看作“罪惡的都市”與“革命的堡壘”1的集合體。建國初期政權(quán)新建之時,中共以執(zhí)政黨身份在國內(nèi)城市人口最多、社會成分最為多樣、工商業(yè)最為興盛的上海,開展了面向社會各階層群眾的統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)、宣傳和組織等方面的工作,最終成功地完成了新民主主義的革命任務(wù),實現(xiàn)了向社會主義社會的順利過渡,贏得了社會各界群眾對中共執(zhí)政地位合法性的支持。本文從歷史視角厘清在建國初期特殊的國情背景下,面對上海這樣一座特別的城市,黨的群眾工作經(jīng)歷了從重構(gòu)、整頓到鞏固的特殊發(fā)展階段,針對不同階層采取了統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)、組織、宣傳等體現(xiàn)中國特色的工作路徑,為現(xiàn)時代中共以執(zhí)政黨身份在特大型城市貫徹具有中國特色的群眾路線提供歷史借鑒。導(dǎo)言指出在近代中國半殖民地半封建性的特殊歷史背景下,群眾的主體意識逐漸覺醒,成為國內(nèi)各政黨的執(zhí)政根基和爭取對象,黨群關(guān)系的好壞更是左右了政權(quán)更替。上海作為近代中國的工商業(yè)中心,社會結(jié)構(gòu)錯綜復(fù)雜、群眾思想異質(zhì)多元,是考驗執(zhí)政黨治理能力的重要場域;建國初期,中共以執(zhí)政黨身份在這樣一座特別城市貫徹具有中國特色的群眾路線對黨在當(dāng)今復(fù)雜的國內(nèi)外形勢下密切黨群關(guān)系有重要的借鑒作用。第一章論述建國初期上海群眾工作的緣起。首先,本章從馬克思主義群眾觀視角闡釋群眾路線及群眾工作是中共將馬克思主義理論與中國特殊革命歷史實踐活動相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物,群眾工作是中共針對不同對象開展宣傳、組織、教育等實踐活動,是貫徹具有中國特色群眾路線的具體表現(xiàn)。其次,中共開展群眾工作經(jīng)歷了從大革命時期、土地革命時期、抗日戰(zhàn)爭時期到解放戰(zhàn)爭時期等不同發(fā)展階段逐步走向成熟,由于不同歷史時期的時代背景、對象、方式存在差異,為形成具有中國特色的群眾路線理論奠定了基礎(chǔ)。再次,近代上海城市人口結(jié)構(gòu)、社會階層、治理方式鮮明體現(xiàn)了舊中國城市半殖民地半封建性特征;中共在建國初期將馬克思主義群眾路線理論與上海城市的特殊實際情況結(jié)合,重新確立上海發(fā)展方向,這必然要求黨的群眾工作從上海實際情況出發(fā),走具有中國特色的群眾路線道路,是馬克思主義群眾路線理論成功運用于大城市實際情況的典范。第二章分析建國初期上海群眾工作從重建到強化階段的不同特征。首先,中共接管上海后,面臨原國民黨政權(quán)與群眾關(guān)系疏遠(yuǎn)的不利局面,為爭取各階層群眾支持,中共根據(jù)城市實際情況整頓紀(jì)律,以恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)為核心貫徹黨的群眾路線原則有序接管城市政權(quán),探索構(gòu)建新型黨群關(guān)系途徑;其次,面對建國初期上海市民復(fù)雜的社會心態(tài),中共動員“單位”與“非單位”群眾開展“抗美援朝愛國運動”,加強對社會各界群眾的愛國主義教育,鞏固了城市政權(quán)的合法化地位,體現(xiàn)了特殊時代環(huán)境下新型黨群關(guān)系;再次,為了實現(xiàn)從新民主主義社會向社會主義社會的過渡,中共根據(jù)上海私營工商者集中、利益關(guān)系復(fù)雜的格局,以多種方式動員公私合營,強化了在工商界的群眾基礎(chǔ)。第三章從實踐角度分析對各階層群眾開展的統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)、組織和宣傳工作。本章分析中共與舊職員、民主人士、工商業(yè)者等群體的合作方式,認(rèn)為統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)政策是黨在特殊時代環(huán)境中聯(lián)系群眾的重要手段,是黨的群眾路線在工商界靈活運用的體現(xiàn);同時,宣傳教育作為改造群眾思想的重要手段,中共通過“反投機運動”、“鎮(zhèn)反運動”教育社會各階層群眾,并借助報紙、圖書館等宣傳載體加強思想滲透,增強了黨群之間的信任關(guān)系;在此基礎(chǔ)上,中共發(fā)揮人民代表會議、工會、工商聯(lián)合會等群團(tuán)組織的協(xié)助作用,將社會各階層群眾納入組織體系,為聯(lián)系群眾提供了多樣化渠道。由此可見,中共在上海城市采取了立體化、全方位的工作方法,是黨的群眾路線理論在城市實際工作中的體現(xiàn)。第四章分析群眾工作的制度建設(shè)。穩(wěn)定的宣傳、組織工作制度有利于城市政權(quán)的鞏固;為了轉(zhuǎn)變宣傳工作薄弱的局面,中共根據(jù)上海工商企業(yè)眾多的實際情況,以單位為主要對象進(jìn)行宣傳網(wǎng)制度建設(shè),在基層培養(yǎng)聯(lián)系群眾的宣傳員,強化了宣傳教育在群眾中的作用。同時,針對黨與上海無組織里弄群眾之間的松散關(guān)系,中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)各里弄居民建設(shè)自治性組織制度,在服務(wù)居民生活的同時承擔(dān)了組織、教育居民的責(zé)任,是特殊時空環(huán)境下中共在城市市民生活空間貫徹黨的群眾路線的有益嘗試。第五章考察上海城市群眾工作的動因及效果。本章從執(zhí)政黨與群眾關(guān)系角度分析建國初期上海城市貫徹黨的群眾路線過程中取得的歷史成就,認(rèn)為中共結(jié)合城市實際情況貫徹黨的群眾路線方針,形成了符合當(dāng)時上海特殊時代背景下的群眾工作方法,是中國特色社會主義道路的重要組成部分;然而,簡單粗暴的工作作風(fēng)容易導(dǎo)致黨群關(guān)系緊張,是現(xiàn)時代黨的群眾工作引以為鑒的地方。
[Abstract]:Since modern times, Shanghai has gradually developed into the most modern city in the Far East because of the prosperity of Commerce. It was also regarded as the combination of the "evil city" and "the fortress of the revolution" by the Communist Party of China. When the regime was newly built in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Communist Party of Shanghai was the most populous in the domestic cities, the most diverse social components and the most popular industry and commerce. Shanghai, which has carried out the work of united front, propaganda and organization for the masses of all social strata, completed the new democratic revolutionary task successfully, realized the smooth transition to the socialist society, and won the support of the masses of all walks of life on the legal status of the ruling status of the Communist Party of China. This article clarifies the founding of the people's Republic of China from the historical perspective. Under the special conditions of the country, in the face of a special city like Shanghai, the mass work of the party has gone through the reconstruction, rectifying and consolidating the special development stage, taking the United Front, organizing and propagating the work path of Chinese characteristics for different classes, and carrying out the Chinese Communist Party as the ruling party in the large city. Under the special historical background of the semi colonial and semi feudal history of modern China, the introduction points out that the subjective consciousness of the masses has gradually awakened, and has become the ruling foundation and the object for the political parties in China. The relationship between the party and the masses is more or less the change of the political power. As the industrial and commercial center of modern China, Shanghai is the industrial and commercial center of modern China, In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China, with the status of the ruling party in such a special city, has an important reference to the party's close relationship between the party and the masses under the complex domestic and foreign situation. The origin of the mass work in Shanghai in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. First, this chapter explains that the mass line and the mass work are the product of the combination of the Communist Party of China and the practice of the special revolutionary history of China from the view of Marx's mass view. The work of the masses is the practice of propaganda, organization and education for different objects by the Communist Party of China. Secondly, the Communist Party of China carried out mass work through the great revolution, the period of the land revolution, the period of the war of resistance against Japan and the period of the liberation war. Again, the urban population structure, social stratum and the way of governance in modern Shanghai clearly reflect the semi colonial and semi feudal characteristics of the old Chinese cities; the Communist Party of China combined the Marx theory of mass line with the special actual situation of Shanghai in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, and reestablished the direction of Shanghai's development, which must be reestablished. It requires the party's mass work to start from the actual situation in Shanghai and take the road of mass line with Chinese characteristics. It is a model for the successful application of Marx's theory of mass line to the actual situation of the big cities. The second chapter analyses the different characteristics of the mass work of Shanghai from the reconstruction to the strengthening stage in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. First, after the Communist Party of China took over Shanghai, the surface of the Communist Party of China was taken over. Facing the unfavorable situation of the distant relationship between the Kuomintang regime and the masses, in order to strive for the support of the various strata, the Communist Party of China rectified discipline according to the actual situation of the city, resumed the production as the core to carry out the party's mass line principle and took over the urban regime orderly, and explored the way of building a new type of Party and group relations. Secondly, the complex society of Shanghai citizens in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. In the state of mind, the Communist Party of China mobilized "units" and "non units" to carry out "patriotic movement for anti American aggression and aid Korea", strengthen patriotism education for all the people of all walks of life, consolidate the legal status of the Urban regime, and embody the new Party group relations under the special times environment, and again, to realize from the new democratic society to the socialist society. In the third chapter, the third chapter analyzes the United Front, the organization and the propaganda work of the masses of all strata from the practical point of view. This chapter analyzes the group and the old staff, the democratic personages, the industry and Commerce and so on. The way of cooperation of the body is that the united front policy is an important means of connecting the masses with the masses in the special time environment and the embodiment of the flexible use of the mass line of the party in the industrial and commercial circles. At the same time, as an important means to remould the mass thought, the Communist Party of China has educated the masses of all social strata by "anti speculative movement" and "anti movement". The propaganda carrier, such as newspapers and libraries, strengthen the Ideological Penetration and enhance the trust relationship between the party and the masses. On this basis, the Communist Party of China plays the role of the people's Congress, the union, the Federation of industry and Commerce and other groups of organizations, bringing the masses of the society into the organizational system and providing a variety of channels to contact the masses. Thus, the Communist Party of China is in Shanghai. The city has taken a three-dimensional and omni-directional working method, which is the embodiment of the party's mass line theory in the actual work of the city. The fourth chapter analyzes the system construction of the mass work. The stable propaganda, the organization work system is conducive to the consolidation of the Urban regime; in order to change the thin and weak situation of the propaganda work, the Communist Party of China is based on the numerous industrial and commercial enterprises in Shanghai. In fact, the construction of the publicity network system is carried out by the unit as the main object, the propagandist who trains the masses at the grass-roots level has strengthened the role of propaganda and education in the masses. At the same time, in view of the loose relations between the party and the unorganized people in Shanghai, the Communist Party of China leads the residents of each dweller to build an autonomous organization system and serves the lives of the residents in the same way. It is a useful attempt to carry out the organization and educate the residents in the special time and space environment to carry out the party's mass line in the urban residents' living space. The fifth chapter examines the motivation and effect of the mass work in Shanghai city. This chapter analyzes the process of carrying out the party's mass line from the angle of the ruling party and the masses in the initial period of the founding of the people's Republic of China in the process of carrying out the party's mass line. The historical achievement has been achieved. It is believed that the Communist Party of China combined with the actual situation of the city to carry out the party's principle of mass line, forming a mass work method which conforms to the special era of Shanghai, and is an important part of the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics. However, the simple and rough work wind easily leads to the tension between the party and the masses, and is the Party of the present times. A place where the work of the masses is taken as a mirror.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D232;D252
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本文編號：1870171