本文關(guān)鍵詞：推類理論與中國古代邏輯特殊性的證成，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

推類理論與中國古代邏輯特殊性的證成

The Theory of Tuilei and the Justification for the Characteristics of Ancient Chinese Logic

[1]

Jin Rongdong

華東師范大學(xué)哲學(xué)系,上海200241

文章摘要：自1990年代以來，從主導(dǎo)推理類型的不同來證成中國古代邏輯的特殊性漸趨流行。相較于古希臘邏輯對演繹推理的偏愛，學(xué)者們把推類視為中國古代邏輯的主導(dǎo)推理類型，并傾向于將其邏輯本質(zhì)歸于類比推理。但是，這一進(jìn)路面臨著嚴(yán)重的理論困難。事實(shí)上，“推類”是中國古代思想家對推理本身的稱呼；以“三物”論說為核心內(nèi)容的推類理論是對推理之擔(dān)保機(jī)制的一般性說明。相異于西方邏輯從推理的形式特征去尋找推理的擔(dān)保機(jī)制，，推類理論更為關(guān)注“類”、“理”對推理過程的實(shí)質(zhì)性擔(dān)保。正是這后一點(diǎn)構(gòu)成了中國古代邏輯之所以相異于西方邏輯的關(guān)鍵。

Abstr：Since 1990s more and more scholars have argued that the characteristics of ancient Chinese logic should be better understood in terms of the popular kind of reasoning used by ancient Chinese. In contrast to deductive reasoning which is claimed to play the leading role in ancient Greek logic, tuilei （ 推類 ） is taken as the popular kind of reasoning in ancient China and equated with analogical reasoning. This approach has, however, faced some serious problems. This article will argue that ancient Chinese thinkers actually use the term of tuilei to call reasoning per se, and that the doctrine of Three Things （三物）, the kernel of the theory of tuilei, is a general description of the guarantee mechanism of reasoning. According to western logic, what guarantees the goodness of reasoning lies in the formal features of reasoning, that is to say, valid logical forms. The theory of tuilei holds, on the other hand, that the reasoner should implement the warrants which can license the passage from premise Chinese logic different from western logic. principle of sameness-in-kind to look for substantial to conclusion. It is this key point that makes ancient Chinese logic different from western logic.

文章關(guān)鍵詞：

Keyword：:the Theory of Tuilei the Doctrine of Three Things Ancient Chinese Logic the Guarantee Mechanism of Inference

課題項(xiàng)目：本文系教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)研究青年基金項(xiàng)目（項(xiàng)目批準(zhǔn)號(hào)：11YJC72040002）的階段性成果.

作者信息：會(huì)員可見

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：推類理論與中國古代邏輯特殊性的證成，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。