【摘要】：隨著生育率的下降和人類(lèi)預(yù)期壽命的提高,全球都面臨著老齡化社會(huì)的到來(lái)。在傳統(tǒng)的文化和環(huán)境的背景下,當(dāng)今仍有人受脫離理論和老年歧視主義的影響,認(rèn)為老年人是一個(gè)被隔離、被照顧、被控制的特殊群體,而對(duì)于老年人潛在的成長(zhǎng)發(fā)展,即養(yǎng)老及其模式則很少有學(xué)者去做深入的研究。目前,我國(guó)的養(yǎng)老模式主要有三種:社會(huì)養(yǎng)老、社區(qū)養(yǎng)老和家庭養(yǎng)老。在計(jì)劃生育政策下,獨(dú)生子女家庭數(shù)量的增多,導(dǎo)致多數(shù)家庭需要面臨一對(duì)夫妻至少需贍養(yǎng)4位老人的困境。代際養(yǎng)老壓力的增加使得傳統(tǒng)的“養(yǎng)兒防老”已經(jīng)無(wú)法滿足當(dāng)下老年人的實(shí)際需求。并且,老年人問(wèn)題不僅在于改善老年人的生活和健康水平,而是逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樘岣呃夏耆说膮⑴c互動(dòng)意愿、挖掘老年人的潛能和實(shí)現(xiàn)老年人的自我需求。時(shí)間銀行,就是這樣一種以老年人實(shí)際需求為導(dǎo)向、促使老年人從被動(dòng)接受服務(wù)到主動(dòng)提供服務(wù)的轉(zhuǎn)變、賦予老年人再造生產(chǎn)力的能、形成以社區(qū)為依托的新型互惠互助養(yǎng)老模式。時(shí)間銀行在我國(guó)多地已開(kāi)展多個(gè)試點(diǎn),那么,時(shí)間銀行到底在多大程度上給老年人帶來(lái)積極促進(jìn)的作用,則成為了當(dāng)前值得關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。全文共分為五個(gè)部分。第一章,介紹本文的研究背景及目的,對(duì)基本的概念進(jìn)行界定。此外,簡(jiǎn)述本研究的基本思路、方法和創(chuàng)新之處。對(duì)與積極老齡化理論相關(guān)的文獻(xiàn)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究進(jìn)行評(píng)述。第二章,闡述時(shí)間銀行的相關(guān)概念及對(duì)養(yǎng)老的作用。第三章,介紹廣州市M區(qū)時(shí)間銀行模式及其基本情況。第四章,通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的實(shí)證研究方法,以廣州市M區(qū)時(shí)間銀行為例,得出數(shù)據(jù)并分析時(shí)間銀行對(duì)積極老齡化的影響。第五章,研究結(jié)論及建議。本研究以積極老齡化為理論基礎(chǔ),從“自我、社會(huì)參與、人際關(guān)系”的三個(gè)基本維度,通過(guò)實(shí)證研究的方法探討時(shí)間銀行對(duì)積極老齡化的影響,針對(duì)時(shí)間銀行所存在的覆蓋范圍過(guò)小、宣傳培訓(xùn)不足、服務(wù)者權(quán)益保障不足、可依托的資源貧乏等問(wèn)題,提出四條對(duì)策建議,分別是:擴(kuò)大時(shí)間銀行會(huì)員隊(duì)伍,整合和拓展社區(qū)服務(wù)資源;完善系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建和內(nèi)部管理,實(shí)現(xiàn)信息互聯(lián)互通;制定完善的服務(wù)計(jì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和解決好時(shí)間幣兌換問(wèn)題;出臺(tái)相關(guān)政策,立法保障服務(wù)者權(quán)益,提高時(shí)間銀行公信力。
[Abstract]:With the decline of fertility and the improvement of human life expectancy, the world is facing the arrival of an aging society. Under the background of traditional culture and environment, some people are still influenced by the theory of separation from the theory and the discrimination of the elderly. It is considered that the elderly is a special group that is isolated, cared for and controlled, while few scholars have done in-depth research on the potential growth and development of the elderly, that is, pension and its model. At present, there are three main pension models in China: social pension, community pension and family pension. Under the family planning policy, the increase in the number of one-child families has led to the dilemma that most families need to support at least four elderly people. With the increase of intergenerational pressure for the aged, the traditional "raising and preventing the elderly" has been unable to meet the actual needs of the elderly. Moreover, the problem of the elderly is not only to improve the living and health standards of the elderly, but to gradually change to increase the willingness of the elderly to participate and interact, tap the potential of the elderly and realize the self-needs of the elderly. Time bank, which is guided by the actual needs of the elderly, promotes the transformation of the elderly from passive acceptance of services to active provision of services, endows the elderly with the ability to reconstruct productivity, and forms a new mutually beneficial mutual aid pension model based on the community. Time Bank has carried out many pilot projects in our country, so the extent to which the time Bank brings positive promotion to the elderly has become a problem worthy of attention at present. The full text is divided into five parts. The first chapter introduces the research background and purpose of this paper, and defines the basic concepts. In addition, the basic ideas, methods and innovations of this study are briefly described. The literature and empirical research related to the theory of active aging are reviewed. The second chapter expounds the related concepts of time bank and its role in providing for the aged. The third chapter introduces the time banking model of Guangzhou M district and its basic situation. In the fourth chapter, through the empirical research method of questionnaire survey, taking Guangzhou M District time Bank as an example, the data are obtained and the influence of time bank on positive aging is analyzed. The fifth chapter is the conclusion and suggestion of the study. Based on the theory of active aging, this study discusses the influence of time bank on positive aging from the three basic dimensions of "self, social participation and interpersonal relationship". In view of the problems existing in time bank, such as too small coverage, insufficient propaganda and training, insufficient protection of the rights and interests of service providers and poor resources that can be relied on, this study puts forward four countermeasures and suggestions. Respectively: expand the membership of time banks, integrate and expand community service resources; Improve system construction and internal management to achieve information interconnection; formulate perfect service measurement standards and solve the problem of time currency exchange; issue relevant policies to protect the rights and interests of service providers and improve the credibility of time banks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東外語(yǔ)外貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D669.6

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本文編號(hào)：2510941