【摘要】：隨著我國社會主義改革開放和市場經(jīng)濟體系的穩(wěn)健發(fā)展中,產(chǎn)生了一種新的社會現(xiàn)象:由個體單獨外出務(wù)工過渡到舉家遷徙外出務(wù)工與生活,并且在此過程中逐漸使越來越多的流動子女不斷融入城市生活和學(xué)習(xí)。我國流動兒童大部分出生于農(nóng)村,成長于城市,較之父母呈現(xiàn)出獨特的特點和強烈的融入城市愿望。對于不同的生存環(huán)境、生活方式以及文化差異迫使流動兒童在城市生活中需要重新適應(yīng)新的生活,這在一定程度上會產(chǎn)生流動兒童城市融入問題:一方面使流動兒童不僅需要進(jìn)行心理融入,另一方面還需要對外界環(huán)境的適應(yīng)和接納。因此,在這種陌生又熟悉的環(huán)境中很容易對流動兒童造成對身心不利的發(fā)展。此外,從個體發(fā)展角度來講,童年期的發(fā)展是人生發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時期,是否健康快樂成長對其一生發(fā)展會產(chǎn)生重要影響。對于正處在童年期的流動兒童能順利融入城市生活和學(xué)習(xí)對其健康成長和發(fā)展具有舉無輕重的意義。從社會角度來看,流動兒童若能積極健康城市融入城市生活與學(xué)習(xí)對其家庭來說可減輕負(fù)擔(dān)與壓力,在一定程度上促進(jìn)社會的和諧發(fā)展,為我國城市化發(fā)展具有推動作用。因此,探究流動兒童在城市融入過程中所存在的現(xiàn)實困境不僅具有理論意義而且具有實踐意義。本文從六個部分對我國流動兒童城市融入問題進(jìn)行闡述并提出相應(yīng)對策。第一部分是引言,主要介紹了研究背景、目的、意義以及創(chuàng)新;第二部分是主要對文獻(xiàn)綜述的闡述,首先對本文核心概念界定和優(yōu)勢視角理論介紹,其次是闡述當(dāng)前國內(nèi)外流動兒童城市融入現(xiàn)狀;第三部分是本文的研究方案,介紹研究工具、研究對象、數(shù)據(jù)收集與分析以及研究倫理;第四部分是以受訪者為例,對流動兒童在城市融入過程中遇到困境的結(jié)果與分析,得出結(jié)果主要包括經(jīng)濟支持不足、社會關(guān)懷缺乏、文化融入沖突、心理關(guān)愛闕如;第五部分是對流動兒童在城市融入過程中的結(jié)果進(jìn)行結(jié)論分析:首先,優(yōu)勢視角下擺脫流動兒童城市融入困境的理論運用;其次,基于優(yōu)勢理論視角,分別從政府、個人、家庭、學(xué)校、社區(qū)、社會團體角度提出相應(yīng)對策;第六部分是結(jié)語與反思,主要是本文進(jìn)行總結(jié)并提出不足。
[Abstract]:With the steady development of socialist reform and opening up and market economy system in China, a new social phenomenon has emerged: the transition from individual migrant workers to family migrant workers and living. And in this process, more and more floating children continue to integrate into urban life and study. Most of the migrant children in China are born in rural areas and grew up in cities, showing unique characteristics and strong desire to integrate into the city compared with their parents. For different living environments, lifestyles and cultural differences, migrant children need to readjust their new lives in urban life. On the one hand, the migrant children need not only psychological integration, on the other hand, they also need to adapt and accept the external environment. Therefore, in this strange and familiar environment, migrant children are vulnerable to physical and mental development. In addition, from the perspective of individual development, the development of childhood is the key period of the development of life, whether the healthy and happy growth will have an important impact on the development of their life. It is of great significance for the floating children who are in their childhood to integrate into city life and study for their healthy growth and development. From the social point of view, if migrant children can actively and healthily integrate into urban life and study, they can lighten the burden and pressure on their families, promote the harmonious development of society to a certain extent, and promote the development of urbanization in China. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the practical dilemma of migrant children in the process of urban integration. This paper expounds the problems of urban integration of migrant children in China from six parts and puts forward corresponding countermeasures. The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background, the purpose, the significance and the innovation; The second part is the main literature review of the introduction of the core concepts and advantages of the definition of the theory, followed by a description of the current situation of mobile children at home and abroad into the city; The third part is the research program of this paper, introduces the research tools, research objects, data collection and analysis and research ethics; The fourth part takes the interviewees as an example to analyze the plight of migrant children in the process of urban integration. The results mainly include insufficient economic support, lack of social care, cultural integration conflict, lack of psychological care; The fifth part is the conclusion analysis of the floating children in the process of urban integration: firstly, the theory of getting rid of the plight of migrant children in urban integration from the perspective of superiority; Secondly, based on the advantage theory perspective, respectively from the government, individuals, families, schools, communities, social groups point of view to put forward the corresponding countermeasures; the sixth part is the conclusion and reflection, mainly summarized and proposed in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D669.5

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