【摘要】：2000年,我國正式進入老齡化社會的行列。一方面老年人口對養(yǎng)老方面的需求日益增加,另一方面養(yǎng)老資源供給不足,供需不平衡必然引發(fā)各種各樣的社會矛盾。與此同時,單純依靠家庭養(yǎng)老已不能完全解決養(yǎng)老難題,機構(gòu)養(yǎng)老又普遍存在資源稀缺、服務(wù)質(zhì)量較低、門檻高等問題。我國眾多學(xué)者及老齡工作主管部門一致認為,居家養(yǎng)老是目前較為符合我國現(xiàn)實國情的一種養(yǎng)老模式,對于解決養(yǎng)老問題有著較為明顯的優(yōu)勢與可行性�？傮w來看,對于居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的研究多集中于我國中、東部發(fā)達城市,而對于西部經(jīng)濟發(fā)展較落后的城市研究很少,并且缺乏具體實證調(diào)查分析。本文以烏魯木齊市居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)為研究對象,隨機選取三個社區(qū)作為調(diào)查樣本,理論與實證調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合,積極探索符合烏魯木齊市自身特點的居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)模式,這對于補充西部城市居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)研究、完善居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的政策理論基礎(chǔ)具有重大意義。首先從居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)政策體系建設(shè)、資金投入與服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系建設(shè)三個方面概括出烏魯木齊市居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。其次,隨機抽取烏魯木齊市三個社區(qū)作為調(diào)查樣本,分別從供給與需求兩個方面進行調(diào)查研究。供給方面主要包括服務(wù)對象、服務(wù)內(nèi)容、服務(wù)組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)與服務(wù)設(shè)施。需求方面主要立足于老年人日常生活實際,從保潔、醫(yī)療、維修、文娛等方面進行調(diào)查研究。最后運用二元Logistic回歸模型分析哪些因素能夠加強或削弱老年人對居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的需求。深入分析居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)供給與需求二者間的關(guān)系,研究結(jié)果顯示:大多數(shù)老年人在生活中還是渴望得到居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù),但政策覆蓋范圍有限,實際供給不足;老年人居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)項目需求日漸多樣化,但實際供給非常單一;老年人居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)潛在需求大,但低償服務(wù)供給較少。最后,文章根據(jù)實際調(diào)研與訪談結(jié)果,總結(jié)出目前烏魯木齊市居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)存在的一些問題,并進行原因剖析。針對提出的服務(wù)覆蓋面不足、資金短缺、隊伍建設(shè)不完善、設(shè)施不全等問題,從政府職能、組織管理、培育市場機制等方面歸納出完善烏魯木齊市居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的對策與建議。
[Abstract]:In 2000, China formally entered the ranks of aging society. On the one hand, the demand for the aged is increasing day by day, on the other hand, the supply of endowment resources is insufficient, the imbalance of supply and demand will inevitably lead to a variety of social contradictions. At the same time, relying on the family pension alone can not completely solve the pension problem, and the institutional pension system generally has the problems of scarce resources, low service quality, high threshold and so on. Many scholars and the department in charge of aging work in our country agree that home old-age pension is a kind of old-age pension model which is more in line with the reality of our country at present, and has obvious advantages and feasibility for solving the problem of old-age support. On the whole, the research on the home pension service is mostly focused on the developed cities in the east of China, while the research on the backward cities in the western region is rare, and lack of concrete empirical investigation and analysis. This paper takes the home pension service in Urumqi as the research object, selects three communities randomly as the investigation sample, combines the theory with the empirical investigation data, and actively explores the home pension service model which accords with Urumqi's own characteristics. It is of great significance to supplement the research on home pension service in western cities and to perfect the policy theory foundation of home pension service. Firstly, this paper summarizes the present situation of home pension service in Urumqi from three aspects: the construction of home pension service policy system, the construction of capital investment and service facilities, and the construction of network system. Secondly, three communities in Urumqi were randomly selected as investigation samples and investigated from two aspects of supply and demand. The supply aspect mainly includes the service object, the service content, the service organization network and the service facility. Demand is mainly based on the daily life of the elderly, from cleaning, medical treatment, maintenance, entertainment and other aspects of investigation and research. Finally, we use the binary Logistic regression model to analyze which factors can strengthen or weaken the elderly's demand for home care services. The research results show that the majority of the elderly are still eager to get the family old-age service in their lives, but the policy coverage is limited, and the actual supply is insufficient; The demand for home care services for the elderly is diversifying day by day, but the actual supply is very simple; the potential demand for home care services for the elderly is large, but the supply of low compensation services is relatively small. Finally, according to the actual investigation and interview results, summarizes the current Urumqi home pension service problems, and analyzes the reasons. Aiming at the problems of inadequate service coverage, shortage of funds, imperfect team construction and incomplete facilities, the countermeasures and suggestions for improving the home pension service in Urumqi are summarized from the aspects of government function, organization and management, cultivation of market mechanism and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D669.6

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