中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)實踐研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-24 21:09
【摘要】：生態(tài)文明建設(shè)是中國特色社會主義事業(yè)的重要組成部分,關(guān)系人民福祉,關(guān)乎民族未來,事關(guān)“兩個一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)和中華民族偉大復(fù)興中國夢的實現(xiàn)。過去幾十年,中國經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展,創(chuàng)造了舉世矚目的“中國奇跡”,人民群眾普遍富裕起來。但是粗放的發(fā)展方式,使我們在資源環(huán)境方面付出沉重代價。從總體上看,我國的生態(tài)文明建設(shè)水平仍滯后于經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展,環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重,資源約束趨緊,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化,發(fā)展與人口資源環(huán)境之間的矛盾日益突出,成為經(jīng)濟社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重大瓶頸。生態(tài)環(huán)境問題的產(chǎn)生,歸根結(jié)底是人類不合理的生產(chǎn)方式和生活方式,超出了自然資源的支撐能力與自然環(huán)境的承載容量,這必然會導(dǎo)致生態(tài)環(huán)境不斷惡化、自然資源面臨枯竭等嚴(yán)重問題。如果我們要想解決所面臨的生態(tài)危機,就必須改變現(xiàn)今不合理的生活方式,比以往更加愛護人類依賴生存的生態(tài)環(huán)境。自黨的十八大首次確立了“美麗中國”的建設(shè)目標(biāo),并將生態(tài)文明置于“五位一體”的總布局戰(zhàn)略地位,生態(tài)文明在國家建設(shè)和發(fā)展中的作用也不斷凸現(xiàn)出來。十八屆五中全會中,習(xí)近平系統(tǒng)的論述了創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開放、共享的“五大發(fā)展理念”,強調(diào)既要“綠色”,又要“發(fā)展”,沒有發(fā)展,也就不能實現(xiàn)綠色發(fā)展。因此,中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)要緊緊圍繞“五位一體”的戰(zhàn)略布局統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào),協(xié)同推進新型工業(yè)化、信息化、農(nóng)業(yè)化現(xiàn)代化、城鎮(zhèn)化和綠色化建設(shè),將生態(tài)文明建設(shè)體現(xiàn)在政治、經(jīng)濟、文化和社會建設(shè)的各個方面和全過程。生態(tài)文明建設(shè)還需堅持“五大發(fā)展理念”中的綠色發(fā)展,關(guān)鍵在于實現(xiàn)生活方式和消費模式向綠色低碳、勤儉節(jié)約和健康文明的方向轉(zhuǎn)變,形成一種弘揚生態(tài)文明主流的價值觀念,營造一種人人、事事、時時的崇尚生態(tài)文明的社會氛圍,為生態(tài)文明建設(shè)打下堅實基礎(chǔ)。我國的生態(tài)文明建設(shè)雖然取得了重大進展,但依舊是跟不上經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的腳步,“千里霾籠,萬里塵飄”成為民生之患,治理生態(tài)環(huán)境既是執(zhí)政考驗,又是發(fā)展課題。所以,只能下定決心、深化改革,打贏這場沒有退路的生態(tài)攻堅戰(zhàn)。本文以中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)實踐研究為題,共分為7個部分進行研究,具體如下:第1章,緒論。選題背景與研究意義、國內(nèi)外研究綜述、研究思路與方法、創(chuàng)新點與不足。第2章,生態(tài)文明建設(shè)概述。主要介紹了生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的內(nèi)涵、特征和意義,并認(rèn)為生態(tài)文明建設(shè)具有以下意義:建設(shè)美麗中國的必由之路、推進低碳發(fā)展的根本保障、發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)型的必然要求、責(zé)任大國需要履行的責(zé)任和文明形態(tài)升級的必然途徑。第3章,生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的理論基礎(chǔ)。首先,介紹了馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家中馬克思、恩格斯和列寧的生態(tài)文明思想;其次,總結(jié)了中國化馬克思主義者中毛澤東、鄧小平、江澤民、胡錦濤和習(xí)近平的生態(tài)文明思想;再次,分別論述了中國傳統(tǒng)文化中儒家、道家和佛家的生態(tài)文明思想;最后,介紹了福斯特、奧康納、阿格爾和萊易斯四位生態(tài)學(xué)馬克思主義者的生態(tài)文明思想。這為本文研究中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)提供了強有力的理論支撐。第4章,中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的現(xiàn)狀。一方面,總結(jié)了中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)取得的成績:環(huán)境保護工作開展順利、整體環(huán)境質(zhì)量有所改善和生態(tài)文化理念深入人心;另一方面,提出了生態(tài)文明建設(shè)存在的幾點問題:環(huán)境總體惡化趨勢尚未根本改變、干部考核評價體系尚未根本完善、執(zhí)法監(jiān)管責(zé)任尚未根本落實、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式尚未根本轉(zhuǎn)變。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了存在問題的原因分析:生態(tài)環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)較為薄弱、生態(tài)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展簡單粗放、公民生態(tài)文明意識淡薄、國際環(huán)境合作機制不健全。第5章,中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的典型模式。本章將中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的具體實踐工程進行整理與歸納,總結(jié)出具有中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的典型實踐模式:新農(nóng)村生態(tài)建設(shè)實踐模式、京津冀風(fēng)沙源治理工程實踐模式、“三北”防護林工程實踐模式和鄱陽湖生態(tài)經(jīng)濟區(qū)實踐模式,并系統(tǒng)的論述了各個典型模式的由來、特點及實踐價值。第6章,發(fā)達國家生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的政策措施及經(jīng)驗借鑒。本章在介紹美國、日本和德國生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的政策措施基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)出有益于我國生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的幾點經(jīng)驗借鑒。其中包括:積極推進環(huán)境教育、大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟、立法先行的治理環(huán)境和重視科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展。第7章,推進中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的對策思考。基于對中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的以上分析,提出了推進中國特色生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的五點對策思考,合理開發(fā)和利用國土空間、加強生態(tài)文明制度建設(shè)、轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式、建設(shè)良好社會風(fēng)尚和加強國際生態(tài)合作。
[Abstract]:Ecological civilization construction is an important component of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It concerns the well-being of the people and concerns the future of the nation. "Two hundred years" The goal is the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Over the past few decades, the rapid development of China's economy has created a new era The Chinese Miracle The masses of the people are generally well-off. But the way of development has made us pay a heavy price in the resource environment. Generally speaking, the level of ecological civilization construction in China lags behind the economic and social development, the environmental pollution is serious, the resource constraints are tight, the ecosystem degradation, the development and the population resource environment are becoming more and more outstanding, and become the major bottleneck of the sustainable development of the economy and society. The generation of ecological environment problems, in the final analysis, is the unreasonable production mode and way of life, which exceeds the supporting capacity of natural resources and the bearing capacity of the natural environment, which inevitably leads to the deterioration of the ecological environment and the exhaustion of natural resources. If we want to solve the ecological crisis we face, we must change today's unreasonable way of living, and care more about the ecological environment that human beings depend on to survive. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was established for the first time" Beautiful China "Build the goal and place the ecological civilization in" Five Dynasties" The strategic position of the overall layout and the role of ecological civilization in the construction and development of the country are also highlighted. In the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, Xi Jinping systematically discussed innovation, coordination, green, open and shared. "Five development ideas" Emphasize that it is necessary to" Green "-I'm going to go." Development "Without development, green development cannot be achieved. Therefore, the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics should be around the world." Five Dynasties" The strategic layout is coordinated and coordinated, and the new industrialization, information, agricultural modernization, urbanization and green construction are jointly promoted, and ecological civilization construction is embodied in various aspects and processes of political, economic, cultural and social construction. The construction of ecological civilization needs to be adhered to "Five development ideas" The key to green development in the middle is to realize the change of life style and consumption mode to green, low carbon, thrifty and healthy civilization, form a value that carries forward the mainstream of ecological civilization, create a social atmosphere for everyone, everything and always advocate the ecological civilization, lay a solid foundation for ecological civilization construction. Although significant progress has been made in the construction of ecological civilization in our country, it is still unable to keep up with the pace of economic and social development." Wanli haze cage, Wanli dust floating "To become the people's livelihood, the ecological environment is both the ruling test and the development subject. Therefore, we can only resolve to deepen the reform and win the ecological siege without retreat. This paper, based on the practice of ecological civilization construction in China, is divided into 7 parts, which are as follows: Chapter 1, Introduction. The background and significance of the topic selection, the research summary at home and abroad, the research thought and method, the innovation point and the deficiency. Chapter 2, Overview of Ecological Civilization Construction. It mainly introduces the connotation, characteristics and significance of ecological civilization construction, and holds that the construction of ecological civilization has the following meanings: the only way to build beautiful China is to promote the basic guarantee of low carbon development and the inevitable requirement of the transformation of development mode. The responsibility of the responsible big country needs to fulfill the responsibility and the inevitable way to upgrade the civilization form. Chapter 3, the theoretical foundation of ecological civilization construction. First, this paper introduces the ecological civilization thought of Marx, Engels and Lenin in the Marxist classical writers; secondly, it sums up the ecological civilization thought of Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping in Sinicized Marxist; again, This paper discusses the ecological civilization thought of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism in Chinese traditional culture. This paper provides a strong theoretical support for the study of ecological civilization construction of Chinese characteristics. Chapter 4, the present situation of ecological civilization construction of Chinese characteristics. On the one hand, the achievements of ecological civilization construction in China are summarized: the work of environmental protection is smooth, the overall environmental quality has improved and the concept of ecological culture is deeply rooted; on the other hand, some problems existing in ecological civilization construction are put forward: The overall vicious trend of environment has not changed fundamentally, the evaluation system of cadre assessment has not been improved at all, the responsibility of law enforcement supervision has not been implemented at all, and the way of economic development has not changed fundamentally. On this basis, the author puts forward the cause analysis of the problem: the ecological environment foundation is weak, the eco-economic development is simple and extensive, the citizen's ecological civilization consciousness is clear, and the international environmental cooperation mechanism is not perfect. Chapter 5, the typical model of ecological civilization construction in China. In this chapter, the concrete practical engineering of Chinese characteristic ecological civilization construction is sorted and summarized, and the typical practice mode of ecological civilization construction with Chinese characteristics is summarized." Three North "The practical model of shelterbelt project and the practice model of lake eco-economic zone are discussed, and the origin, characteristics and practical value of each typical model are discussed systematically. Chapter 6, the policy measures and experiences of ecological civilization construction in developed countries. On the basis of introducing the policy measures of eco-civilization construction in America, Japan and Germany, this chapter sums up some experiences for the construction of ecological civilization in China. It includes: actively promoting environmental education, vigorously developing circular economy, legislation leading environment and attaching importance to the development of science and technology. Chapter 7, the countermeasures to promote the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics. Based on the above analysis of the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics, the paper puts forward five countermeasures to promote the construction of ecological civilization of Chinese characteristics, rationally develop and utilize the land space, strengthen the construction of ecological civilization system and transform the way of economic development. Build good social customs and strengthen international ecological cooperation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X321;D61
，
本文編號：2292562
[Abstract]:Ecological civilization construction is an important component of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It concerns the well-being of the people and concerns the future of the nation. "Two hundred years" The goal is the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Over the past few decades, the rapid development of China's economy has created a new era The Chinese Miracle The masses of the people are generally well-off. But the way of development has made us pay a heavy price in the resource environment. Generally speaking, the level of ecological civilization construction in China lags behind the economic and social development, the environmental pollution is serious, the resource constraints are tight, the ecosystem degradation, the development and the population resource environment are becoming more and more outstanding, and become the major bottleneck of the sustainable development of the economy and society. The generation of ecological environment problems, in the final analysis, is the unreasonable production mode and way of life, which exceeds the supporting capacity of natural resources and the bearing capacity of the natural environment, which inevitably leads to the deterioration of the ecological environment and the exhaustion of natural resources. If we want to solve the ecological crisis we face, we must change today's unreasonable way of living, and care more about the ecological environment that human beings depend on to survive. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was established for the first time" Beautiful China "Build the goal and place the ecological civilization in" Five Dynasties" The strategic position of the overall layout and the role of ecological civilization in the construction and development of the country are also highlighted. In the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, Xi Jinping systematically discussed innovation, coordination, green, open and shared. "Five development ideas" Emphasize that it is necessary to" Green "-I'm going to go." Development "Without development, green development cannot be achieved. Therefore, the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics should be around the world." Five Dynasties" The strategic layout is coordinated and coordinated, and the new industrialization, information, agricultural modernization, urbanization and green construction are jointly promoted, and ecological civilization construction is embodied in various aspects and processes of political, economic, cultural and social construction. The construction of ecological civilization needs to be adhered to "Five development ideas" The key to green development in the middle is to realize the change of life style and consumption mode to green, low carbon, thrifty and healthy civilization, form a value that carries forward the mainstream of ecological civilization, create a social atmosphere for everyone, everything and always advocate the ecological civilization, lay a solid foundation for ecological civilization construction. Although significant progress has been made in the construction of ecological civilization in our country, it is still unable to keep up with the pace of economic and social development." Wanli haze cage, Wanli dust floating "To become the people's livelihood, the ecological environment is both the ruling test and the development subject. Therefore, we can only resolve to deepen the reform and win the ecological siege without retreat. This paper, based on the practice of ecological civilization construction in China, is divided into 7 parts, which are as follows: Chapter 1, Introduction. The background and significance of the topic selection, the research summary at home and abroad, the research thought and method, the innovation point and the deficiency. Chapter 2, Overview of Ecological Civilization Construction. It mainly introduces the connotation, characteristics and significance of ecological civilization construction, and holds that the construction of ecological civilization has the following meanings: the only way to build beautiful China is to promote the basic guarantee of low carbon development and the inevitable requirement of the transformation of development mode. The responsibility of the responsible big country needs to fulfill the responsibility and the inevitable way to upgrade the civilization form. Chapter 3, the theoretical foundation of ecological civilization construction. First, this paper introduces the ecological civilization thought of Marx, Engels and Lenin in the Marxist classical writers; secondly, it sums up the ecological civilization thought of Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping in Sinicized Marxist; again, This paper discusses the ecological civilization thought of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism in Chinese traditional culture. This paper provides a strong theoretical support for the study of ecological civilization construction of Chinese characteristics. Chapter 4, the present situation of ecological civilization construction of Chinese characteristics. On the one hand, the achievements of ecological civilization construction in China are summarized: the work of environmental protection is smooth, the overall environmental quality has improved and the concept of ecological culture is deeply rooted; on the other hand, some problems existing in ecological civilization construction are put forward: The overall vicious trend of environment has not changed fundamentally, the evaluation system of cadre assessment has not been improved at all, the responsibility of law enforcement supervision has not been implemented at all, and the way of economic development has not changed fundamentally. On this basis, the author puts forward the cause analysis of the problem: the ecological environment foundation is weak, the eco-economic development is simple and extensive, the citizen's ecological civilization consciousness is clear, and the international environmental cooperation mechanism is not perfect. Chapter 5, the typical model of ecological civilization construction in China. In this chapter, the concrete practical engineering of Chinese characteristic ecological civilization construction is sorted and summarized, and the typical practice mode of ecological civilization construction with Chinese characteristics is summarized." Three North "The practical model of shelterbelt project and the practice model of lake eco-economic zone are discussed, and the origin, characteristics and practical value of each typical model are discussed systematically. Chapter 6, the policy measures and experiences of ecological civilization construction in developed countries. On the basis of introducing the policy measures of eco-civilization construction in America, Japan and Germany, this chapter sums up some experiences for the construction of ecological civilization in China. It includes: actively promoting environmental education, vigorously developing circular economy, legislation leading environment and attaching importance to the development of science and technology. Chapter 7, the countermeasures to promote the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics. Based on the above analysis of the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics, the paper puts forward five countermeasures to promote the construction of ecological civilization of Chinese characteristics, rationally develop and utilize the land space, strengthen the construction of ecological civilization system and transform the way of economic development. Build good social customs and strengthen international ecological cooperation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X321;D61
，
本文編號：2292562
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