【摘要】：秦漢魏晉南北朝時期,地方政府缺乏有效的權(quán)力制衡機(jī)制,形成了以地方政府主官為首的利益集團(tuán),對中央集權(quán)體制構(gòu)成了嚴(yán)重威脅。唐代中期以后的藩鎮(zhèn)割據(jù)及五代的軍將專權(quán),更是造成了不斷的政局動蕩和貪腐之風(fēng)的肆虐。宋代吸取前代教訓(xùn),重視地方政府權(quán)力制衡機(jī)制的建構(gòu),在州縣之上設(shè)置分權(quán)獨立、互相制衡的路級行政機(jī)構(gòu),限制地方政府權(quán)力;提高地方監(jiān)察機(jī)構(gòu)的地位,加強對州縣政府的監(jiān)管;完善科舉考試制度,規(guī)范地方官員的選任。宋代對地方政府權(quán)力的制衡措施,徹底結(jié)束了中國歷史上地方坐大、有令不行的政治亂局,對于宋代政治穩(wěn)定、廉政建設(shè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展發(fā)揮了重要作用。
[Abstract]:In the period of Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, the local governments lacked effective power checks and balances, and formed an interest group headed by the chief officials of local governments, which posed a serious threat to the centralization system. After the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the separation of towns and the dictatorship of the armed forces of the five dynasties caused constant political instability and corruption. The Song Dynasty learned the lessons of the previous generation, attached importance to the construction of the checks and balances mechanism of the local government power, set up a decentralized and independent road administrative organization with checks and balances on the state and county, restricted the power of the local government, and improved the status of the local supervisory organ. Strengthen the supervision of state and county governments, perfect the examination system of imperial examinations, and standardize the selection and appointment of local officials. The check and balance measures of the local government power in the Song Dynasty have completely put an end to the political chaos in the history of China, and played an important role in the political stability, the construction of a clean government and the economic development in the Song Dynasty.
【作者單位】： 中國政法大學(xué)政治與公共管理學(xué)院;
【基金】：中國政法大學(xué)人文社會科學(xué)研究項目“宋代地方治理與法制”(11ZFG77002)的階段性研究成果
【分類號】：D691

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