《晨報副刊》與馬克思主義在中國的傳播（1918-1926）
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-24 08:16
【摘要】：作為民國初年的“四大副刊”之一的《晨報副刊》,是馬克思主義在中國早期傳播的主要陣地之一,同時也是各種流派的社會主義思想在中國傳播的重要陣地之一,理清它所傳播的馬克思主義及其它各流派社會主義思想的基本狀況,對于更好地認識馬克思主義在中國早期傳播的情況,具有重要學術價值和現(xiàn)實理論意義。但是,到目前為止,學界對《晨報副刊》及其與馬克思主義在中國早期傳播之間關系的專門研究卻付之闕如。有鑒于此,為真實反映馬克思主義在中國傳播的原初狀態(tài),本文在充分參考借鑒學術界已有相關研究成果的基礎上,通過對1918年至1926年間《晨報副刊》有關馬克思主義和社會主義等方面的部分代表性文本的清理研析,考察了馬克思主義在中國早期傳播過程中的人事譜系、思想理論資源以及在面對現(xiàn)實的對蘇關系等重大問題時各種政治勢力如何運用這些思想理論資源來展開辯駁。本文首先對《晨報副刊》的人事關系進行了梳理分析,從中窺見在五四新文化運動時期,李大釗本人在《晨報副刊》傳播馬克思主義的人事譜系中處在關鍵地位,該副刊上所刊發(fā)的馬克思主義文本的書寫者幾乎都與李大釗有密切的關系。他們通過會晤等方式對共產(chǎn)主義研究產(chǎn)生興趣,因同校同學關系而關注馬克思主義,憑借學會的渠道而在中國有組織有系統(tǒng)地傳播馬克思主義。本文進一步對《晨報副刊》上所發(fā)表的若干典型文本進行了研討分析,初步厘清了馬克思主義文本書寫者傳播馬克思主義的部分思想理論資源。在歐洲社會黨和國際共產(chǎn)主義運動史方面,安部磯雄的著作成為書寫者的范本;他們對馬克思的唯物史觀的理解,不少來源于同一時期日本學者對馬克思唯物史觀的闡釋;對馬克思主義的政治經(jīng)濟學理論的解讀,離不開河上肇等日本學者對《資本論》的簡明解讀,甚至對馬克思、恩格斯等無產(chǎn)階級領袖的認識也受到日本學者的影響,但這種影響不是唯一的影響源,考茨基、柯爾、Ensor等歐美理論家、學者的作品,也是他們重要的思想理論資源。1925年10月至1926年初,《晨報副刊》上演了“聯(lián)俄與仇俄”之爭。與以往研究不同,本文將其納入了馬克思主義在中國早期傳播的研究視域,進行了獨到的歷史考辨。通過系統(tǒng)解讀參與“聯(lián)俄與仇俄”之爭的各派政治勢力的言論,本文發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著爭論的深入,自由主義者、研究系逐漸傾向于國家主義派,認為共產(chǎn)主義不適合中國,蘇聯(lián)是帝國主義國家,中國不應與之聯(lián)合;而中國共產(chǎn)黨、國民黨左派則認為,為了反對帝國主義國家對中國的侵略,中國應與蘇聯(lián)聯(lián)合,應以共產(chǎn)主義作為中國的出路。
[Abstract]:As one of the four supplements in the early years of the Republic of China, the Morning Post Supplement is one of the main fronts for the early spread of Marxism in China, as well as one of the important fronts for the spread of socialist ideas of various schools in China. It is of great academic value and practical theoretical significance to clarify the basic conditions of Marxism and other schools of socialism that it spreads in China for a better understanding of the early spread of Marxism in China. So far, however, the academic circles have not studied the relationship between the Morning Post Supplement and the early spread of Marxism in China. In view of this, in order to truly reflect the original state of Marxism spread in China, this paper, on the basis of fully referring to the relevant research achievements in academic circles, Through the study of some representative texts about Marxism and socialism from 1918 to 1926, the personnel genealogy of Marxism in the early spreading process of Marxism was investigated. The ideological and theoretical resources and the political forces how to use these ideological and theoretical resources to refute in the face of the realistic relations with the Soviet Union and other important issues. This paper first analyzes the personnel relationship of the Morning Post Supplement, and finds out that during the May 4th New Cultural Movement, Li Dazhao himself played a key role in the personnel pedigree of the dissemination of Marxism in the Morning News Supplement. Almost all the writers of the Marxist texts published in the supplement have a close relationship with Li Dazhao. They were interested in the study of communism through meetings, paid close attention to Marxism because of their schoolmate relationship, and spread Marxism in China in an organized and systematic way through the channels of learning. This paper further discusses and analyzes some typical texts published in the Supplement to the Morning Post, and preliminarily clarifies some theoretical and ideological resources for the writers of Marxist texts to spread Marxism. In the history of the European Socialist Party and the international communist movement, the works of Antoi became a model for the writers, and their understanding of Marx's historical materialism came from the interpretation of Marx's historical materialism by Japanese scholars in the same period. The interpretation of Marxist political economic theory cannot be separated from the concise interpretation of Capital by Japanese scholars such as Hanoshanzhao, and even the understanding of proletarian leaders such as Marx and Engels, which is also influenced by Japanese scholars. However, this influence is not the only source of influence. The works of European and American theorists and scholars, such as Kautsky, Kohl, Ensor, and so on, are also important ideological and theoretical resources. From October 1925 to early 1926, the "Morning Post Supplement" staged a dispute between "United Russia and enmity against Russia". Different from previous studies, this paper brings it into the perspective of the early spread of Marxism in China, and makes a unique historical research. Through a systematic interpretation of the views of various political forces involved in the "United Russia and enmity Russia" debate, this paper finds that with the deepening of the debate, liberals and research departments gradually tend to be nationalistic and believe that communism is not suitable for China. The Soviet Union is an imperialist country, and China should not unite with it, while the Communist Party of China and the leftists of the Kuomintang believe that in order to oppose the imperialist aggression against China, China should unite with the Soviet Union and take communism as a way out for China.
【學位授予單位】：清華大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D61
，
本文編號：2290833
[Abstract]:As one of the four supplements in the early years of the Republic of China, the Morning Post Supplement is one of the main fronts for the early spread of Marxism in China, as well as one of the important fronts for the spread of socialist ideas of various schools in China. It is of great academic value and practical theoretical significance to clarify the basic conditions of Marxism and other schools of socialism that it spreads in China for a better understanding of the early spread of Marxism in China. So far, however, the academic circles have not studied the relationship between the Morning Post Supplement and the early spread of Marxism in China. In view of this, in order to truly reflect the original state of Marxism spread in China, this paper, on the basis of fully referring to the relevant research achievements in academic circles, Through the study of some representative texts about Marxism and socialism from 1918 to 1926, the personnel genealogy of Marxism in the early spreading process of Marxism was investigated. The ideological and theoretical resources and the political forces how to use these ideological and theoretical resources to refute in the face of the realistic relations with the Soviet Union and other important issues. This paper first analyzes the personnel relationship of the Morning Post Supplement, and finds out that during the May 4th New Cultural Movement, Li Dazhao himself played a key role in the personnel pedigree of the dissemination of Marxism in the Morning News Supplement. Almost all the writers of the Marxist texts published in the supplement have a close relationship with Li Dazhao. They were interested in the study of communism through meetings, paid close attention to Marxism because of their schoolmate relationship, and spread Marxism in China in an organized and systematic way through the channels of learning. This paper further discusses and analyzes some typical texts published in the Supplement to the Morning Post, and preliminarily clarifies some theoretical and ideological resources for the writers of Marxist texts to spread Marxism. In the history of the European Socialist Party and the international communist movement, the works of Antoi became a model for the writers, and their understanding of Marx's historical materialism came from the interpretation of Marx's historical materialism by Japanese scholars in the same period. The interpretation of Marxist political economic theory cannot be separated from the concise interpretation of Capital by Japanese scholars such as Hanoshanzhao, and even the understanding of proletarian leaders such as Marx and Engels, which is also influenced by Japanese scholars. However, this influence is not the only source of influence. The works of European and American theorists and scholars, such as Kautsky, Kohl, Ensor, and so on, are also important ideological and theoretical resources. From October 1925 to early 1926, the "Morning Post Supplement" staged a dispute between "United Russia and enmity against Russia". Different from previous studies, this paper brings it into the perspective of the early spread of Marxism in China, and makes a unique historical research. Through a systematic interpretation of the views of various political forces involved in the "United Russia and enmity Russia" debate, this paper finds that with the deepening of the debate, liberals and research departments gradually tend to be nationalistic and believe that communism is not suitable for China. The Soviet Union is an imperialist country, and China should not unite with it, while the Communist Party of China and the leftists of the Kuomintang believe that in order to oppose the imperialist aggression against China, China should unite with the Soviet Union and take communism as a way out for China.
【學位授予單位】：清華大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D61
，
本文編號：2290833
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