《晨報(bào)副刊》與馬克思主義在中國(guó)的傳播（1918-1926）
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-24 08:16
【摘要】：作為民國(guó)初年的“四大副刊”之一的《晨報(bào)副刊》,是馬克思主義在中國(guó)早期傳播的主要陣地之一,同時(shí)也是各種流派的社會(huì)主義思想在中國(guó)傳播的重要陣地之一,理清它所傳播的馬克思主義及其它各流派社會(huì)主義思想的基本狀況,對(duì)于更好地認(rèn)識(shí)馬克思主義在中國(guó)早期傳播的情況,具有重要學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)理論意義。但是,到目前為止,學(xué)界對(duì)《晨報(bào)副刊》及其與馬克思主義在中國(guó)早期傳播之間關(guān)系的專門研究卻付之闕如。有鑒于此,為真實(shí)反映馬克思主義在中國(guó)傳播的原初狀態(tài),本文在充分參考借鑒學(xué)術(shù)界已有相關(guān)研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)對(duì)1918年至1926年間《晨報(bào)副刊》有關(guān)馬克思主義和社會(huì)主義等方面的部分代表性文本的清理研析,考察了馬克思主義在中國(guó)早期傳播過(guò)程中的人事譜系、思想理論資源以及在面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的對(duì)蘇關(guān)系等重大問(wèn)題時(shí)各種政治勢(shì)力如何運(yùn)用這些思想理論資源來(lái)展開(kāi)辯駁。本文首先對(duì)《晨報(bào)副刊》的人事關(guān)系進(jìn)行了梳理分析,從中窺見(jiàn)在五四新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)期,李大釗本人在《晨報(bào)副刊》傳播馬克思主義的人事譜系中處在關(guān)鍵地位,該副刊上所刊發(fā)的馬克思主義文本的書(shū)寫(xiě)者幾乎都與李大釗有密切的關(guān)系。他們通過(guò)會(huì)晤等方式對(duì)共產(chǎn)主義研究產(chǎn)生興趣,因同校同學(xué)關(guān)系而關(guān)注馬克思主義,憑借學(xué)會(huì)的渠道而在中國(guó)有組織有系統(tǒng)地傳播馬克思主義。本文進(jìn)一步對(duì)《晨報(bào)副刊》上所發(fā)表的若干典型文本進(jìn)行了研討分析,初步厘清了馬克思主義文本書(shū)寫(xiě)者傳播馬克思主義的部分思想理論資源。在歐洲社會(huì)黨和國(guó)際共產(chǎn)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)史方面,安部磯雄的著作成為書(shū)寫(xiě)者的范本;他們對(duì)馬克思的唯物史觀的理解,不少來(lái)源于同一時(shí)期日本學(xué)者對(duì)馬克思唯物史觀的闡釋;對(duì)馬克思主義的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論的解讀,離不開(kāi)河上肇等日本學(xué)者對(duì)《資本論》的簡(jiǎn)明解讀,甚至對(duì)馬克思、恩格斯等無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)領(lǐng)袖的認(rèn)識(shí)也受到日本學(xué)者的影響,但這種影響不是唯一的影響源,考茨基、柯?tīng)枴nsor等歐美理論家、學(xué)者的作品,也是他們重要的思想理論資源。1925年10月至1926年初,《晨報(bào)副刊》上演了“聯(lián)俄與仇俄”之爭(zhēng)。與以往研究不同,本文將其納入了馬克思主義在中國(guó)早期傳播的研究視域,進(jìn)行了獨(dú)到的歷史考辨。通過(guò)系統(tǒng)解讀參與“聯(lián)俄與仇俄”之爭(zhēng)的各派政治勢(shì)力的言論,本文發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著爭(zhēng)論的深入,自由主義者、研究系逐漸傾向于國(guó)家主義派,認(rèn)為共產(chǎn)主義不適合中國(guó),蘇聯(lián)是帝國(guó)主義國(guó)家,中國(guó)不應(yīng)與之聯(lián)合;而中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨、國(guó)民黨左派則認(rèn)為,為了反對(duì)帝國(guó)主義國(guó)家對(duì)中國(guó)的侵略,中國(guó)應(yīng)與蘇聯(lián)聯(lián)合,應(yīng)以共產(chǎn)主義作為中國(guó)的出路。
[Abstract]:As one of the four supplements in the early years of the Republic of China, the Morning Post Supplement is one of the main fronts for the early spread of Marxism in China, as well as one of the important fronts for the spread of socialist ideas of various schools in China. It is of great academic value and practical theoretical significance to clarify the basic conditions of Marxism and other schools of socialism that it spreads in China for a better understanding of the early spread of Marxism in China. So far, however, the academic circles have not studied the relationship between the Morning Post Supplement and the early spread of Marxism in China. In view of this, in order to truly reflect the original state of Marxism spread in China, this paper, on the basis of fully referring to the relevant research achievements in academic circles, Through the study of some representative texts about Marxism and socialism from 1918 to 1926, the personnel genealogy of Marxism in the early spreading process of Marxism was investigated. The ideological and theoretical resources and the political forces how to use these ideological and theoretical resources to refute in the face of the realistic relations with the Soviet Union and other important issues. This paper first analyzes the personnel relationship of the Morning Post Supplement, and finds out that during the May 4th New Cultural Movement, Li Dazhao himself played a key role in the personnel pedigree of the dissemination of Marxism in the Morning News Supplement. Almost all the writers of the Marxist texts published in the supplement have a close relationship with Li Dazhao. They were interested in the study of communism through meetings, paid close attention to Marxism because of their schoolmate relationship, and spread Marxism in China in an organized and systematic way through the channels of learning. This paper further discusses and analyzes some typical texts published in the Supplement to the Morning Post, and preliminarily clarifies some theoretical and ideological resources for the writers of Marxist texts to spread Marxism. In the history of the European Socialist Party and the international communist movement, the works of Antoi became a model for the writers, and their understanding of Marx's historical materialism came from the interpretation of Marx's historical materialism by Japanese scholars in the same period. The interpretation of Marxist political economic theory cannot be separated from the concise interpretation of Capital by Japanese scholars such as Hanoshanzhao, and even the understanding of proletarian leaders such as Marx and Engels, which is also influenced by Japanese scholars. However, this influence is not the only source of influence. The works of European and American theorists and scholars, such as Kautsky, Kohl, Ensor, and so on, are also important ideological and theoretical resources. From October 1925 to early 1926, the "Morning Post Supplement" staged a dispute between "United Russia and enmity against Russia". Different from previous studies, this paper brings it into the perspective of the early spread of Marxism in China, and makes a unique historical research. Through a systematic interpretation of the views of various political forces involved in the "United Russia and enmity Russia" debate, this paper finds that with the deepening of the debate, liberals and research departments gradually tend to be nationalistic and believe that communism is not suitable for China. The Soviet Union is an imperialist country, and China should not unite with it, while the Communist Party of China and the leftists of the Kuomintang believe that in order to oppose the imperialist aggression against China, China should unite with the Soviet Union and take communism as a way out for China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D61
，
本文編號(hào)：2290833
[Abstract]:As one of the four supplements in the early years of the Republic of China, the Morning Post Supplement is one of the main fronts for the early spread of Marxism in China, as well as one of the important fronts for the spread of socialist ideas of various schools in China. It is of great academic value and practical theoretical significance to clarify the basic conditions of Marxism and other schools of socialism that it spreads in China for a better understanding of the early spread of Marxism in China. So far, however, the academic circles have not studied the relationship between the Morning Post Supplement and the early spread of Marxism in China. In view of this, in order to truly reflect the original state of Marxism spread in China, this paper, on the basis of fully referring to the relevant research achievements in academic circles, Through the study of some representative texts about Marxism and socialism from 1918 to 1926, the personnel genealogy of Marxism in the early spreading process of Marxism was investigated. The ideological and theoretical resources and the political forces how to use these ideological and theoretical resources to refute in the face of the realistic relations with the Soviet Union and other important issues. This paper first analyzes the personnel relationship of the Morning Post Supplement, and finds out that during the May 4th New Cultural Movement, Li Dazhao himself played a key role in the personnel pedigree of the dissemination of Marxism in the Morning News Supplement. Almost all the writers of the Marxist texts published in the supplement have a close relationship with Li Dazhao. They were interested in the study of communism through meetings, paid close attention to Marxism because of their schoolmate relationship, and spread Marxism in China in an organized and systematic way through the channels of learning. This paper further discusses and analyzes some typical texts published in the Supplement to the Morning Post, and preliminarily clarifies some theoretical and ideological resources for the writers of Marxist texts to spread Marxism. In the history of the European Socialist Party and the international communist movement, the works of Antoi became a model for the writers, and their understanding of Marx's historical materialism came from the interpretation of Marx's historical materialism by Japanese scholars in the same period. The interpretation of Marxist political economic theory cannot be separated from the concise interpretation of Capital by Japanese scholars such as Hanoshanzhao, and even the understanding of proletarian leaders such as Marx and Engels, which is also influenced by Japanese scholars. However, this influence is not the only source of influence. The works of European and American theorists and scholars, such as Kautsky, Kohl, Ensor, and so on, are also important ideological and theoretical resources. From October 1925 to early 1926, the "Morning Post Supplement" staged a dispute between "United Russia and enmity against Russia". Different from previous studies, this paper brings it into the perspective of the early spread of Marxism in China, and makes a unique historical research. Through a systematic interpretation of the views of various political forces involved in the "United Russia and enmity Russia" debate, this paper finds that with the deepening of the debate, liberals and research departments gradually tend to be nationalistic and believe that communism is not suitable for China. The Soviet Union is an imperialist country, and China should not unite with it, while the Communist Party of China and the leftists of the Kuomintang believe that in order to oppose the imperialist aggression against China, China should unite with the Soviet Union and take communism as a way out for China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D61
，
本文編號(hào)：2290833
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