【摘要】：20世紀(jì)30年代中后期,云南省政府開始在全省范圍內(nèi)推行保甲制度,并將保甲與自治合一辦理。滇省最具實(shí)力的土司多位于滇緬交界的騰龍邊區(qū)。官方力圖以現(xiàn)代化、統(tǒng)一化的區(qū)、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)、保、甲(閭、鄰)的層級(jí)體系重組土司區(qū)域原有的行政區(qū)劃,打破傳統(tǒng)的組織架構(gòu),進(jìn)而真正實(shí)現(xiàn)乃至強(qiáng)化其對(duì)邊區(qū)基層社會(huì)的控制。具備強(qiáng)大生命力的土司制度卻一仍其舊,雖有行政權(quán)力的沖擊,但其組織大廈并未因之而轟然倒塌。土司名義上成為設(shè)治局統(tǒng)屬下的區(qū)長,可其權(quán)勢依然十分強(qiáng)大,鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)保甲長等職務(wù)多被土司公署所壟斷。設(shè)治局下的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)保甲之新建制,"管教養(yǎng)衛(wèi)"的實(shí)際影響十分有限,自治更是徒有其表。概而言之,盡管實(shí)際情形與推行保甲制度的預(yù)定目標(biāo)之間尚存有巨大差距,但地方政權(quán)對(duì)社會(huì)資源的汲取能力已日趨增強(qiáng)。與之相對(duì)應(yīng),土司的權(quán)力也逐漸顯露出萎縮的態(tài)勢,基層社會(huì)業(yè)已強(qiáng)烈地感受到政府所施加的影響。
[Abstract]:In the middle and late 1930s, Yunnan Provincial Government began to carry out Baojia system in the whole province and combine Baojia with autonomy. Yunnan Province's most powerful toast is located on the border between Yunnan and Myanmar Tenglong Border region. The officials tried to reorganize the original administrative divisions of the Tusi region by the level system of modernization and unification of the districts, towns, Baobao, A (Lu, neighbor), break the traditional organizational structure, and then realize and even strengthen their control over the grass-roots society in the border area. The strong vitality of the toast system is still its old, although there is the impact of administrative power, but its organizational buildings did not collapse. Tusi nominally became the district chief under the administration, but his power was still very strong, and the township chief of Baojia was mostly monopolized by the Tusi Office. The establishment of a new system under the administration of the township Baojia, "management, education and health," the actual impact is very limited, autonomy is only its name. In short, although there is a huge gap between the actual situation and the target of carrying out the system, the ability of local governments to absorb social resources has been strengthened day by day. In contrast, the power of the toast has gradually shown a shrinking trend, the grass-roots society has been strongly felt the influence of the government.
【作者單位】： 四川大學(xué)歷史文化學(xué)院;四川大學(xué)學(xué)工部;
【分類號(hào)】：D693

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