【摘要】：隨著老齡化問題逐漸凸顯,如何更好地解決養(yǎng)老問題,使老年人能夠安度晚年又不離開他們生活的社區(qū),是政府面臨的一個(gè)重大挑戰(zhàn)。隨著家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,家庭養(yǎng)老功能弱化,而我國未富先老的國情又導(dǎo)致機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老勢必力不從心,政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)符合傳統(tǒng)與國情,成本低于機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老,將成為解決養(yǎng)老問題的有效途徑。該文研究了幾個(gè)典型國家相關(guān)制度的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和特點(diǎn),試圖對我國政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)制度的構(gòu)建有所啟發(fā)。通過對國內(nèi)外相關(guān)制度的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行比較,提出我國目前政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)中的問題,并尋求解決方法。第一部分對政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)進(jìn)行理論分析,介紹了政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的相關(guān)概念,目前學(xué)界關(guān)于社區(qū)養(yǎng)老的概念并不明確,著重區(qū)分了社區(qū)養(yǎng)老與社會養(yǎng)老和居家養(yǎng)老的不同之處。對政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行了論證,分析了該制度開展的可行性和實(shí)施后的功效。第二部分,對英國、日本和美國相關(guān)制度的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展作出介紹,重點(diǎn)分析國外相關(guān)制度的特點(diǎn),以期對我國政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)制度的完善產(chǎn)生啟示。第三部分,介紹了目前我國政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀,對一般模式進(jìn)行分析,并對我國南京、寧波、大連和上海在具體試點(diǎn)的實(shí)踐中,產(chǎn)生的符合一般模式但又具有地方特色的實(shí)踐模式進(jìn)行介紹,以期對政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)制度的推廣提供鏡鑒。最后通過國內(nèi)外制度的比較分析提出我國目前存在的問題。第四部分,對我國政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)制度的目前存在的問題提出建議。應(yīng)當(dāng)完善立法,建立明確的責(zé)任關(guān)系,統(tǒng)一政府購買的模式,建立更嚴(yán)格更全面的監(jiān)督體系,并在資金方面保障我國政府購買社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)制度能夠持續(xù)實(shí)行。
[Abstract]:With the aging problem becoming more and more prominent, it is a major challenge for the government to solve the problem of the aged better, so that the elderly can spend their old age without leaving the community where they live. With the change of family structure, the function of family old-age support is weakened, and the national condition of old age before becoming rich in our country will lead to the inability of institutional old-age care. The government's purchase of community pension service conforms to the traditional and national conditions, and the cost is lower than that of institutional old-age care. It will become an effective way to solve the pension problem. This paper studies the development and characteristics of relevant systems in several typical countries, and attempts to enlighten the construction of the community pension service system purchased by our government. By comparing the current situation of related systems at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the problems in the government purchase of community old-age care services in our country at present, and looks for solutions. The first part of the government to buy community pension services theoretical analysis, introduced the government to buy community pension services related concepts, the current academic community on the concept of community pension is not clear, The difference between community pension and social pension and home pension is emphatically distinguished. This paper demonstrates the theoretical basis of the government purchasing community pension service, analyzes the feasibility of the system and its effect after implementation. The second part introduces the emergence and development of the relevant systems in Britain, Japan and the United States, focusing on the analysis of the characteristics of the relevant systems abroad, with a view to providing enlightenment to the improvement of the community pension service system purchased by our government. In the third part, the author introduces the current situation of our government purchasing community old-age service, analyzes the general mode, and gives a practical example of Nanjing, Ningbo, Dalian and Shanghai. The practical models which accord with the general model but have local characteristics are introduced in order to provide a mirror for the government to purchase the community pension service system. Finally, through the comparative analysis of the domestic and foreign systems, the existing problems in China are put forward. The fourth part, puts forward the suggestion to our country government to purchase the community endowment service system present existence question. We should perfect the legislation, establish a clear responsibility relationship, unify the mode of government purchase, establish a more strict and comprehensive supervision system, and ensure that the government purchase community pension service system can be carried out continuously in terms of funds.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D669.6

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