【摘要】：由于歐盟與土耳其難民協(xié)議的執(zhí)行、歐洲國(guó)家收緊難民政策、難民申請(qǐng)的滯后效應(yīng)、難民庇護(hù)申請(qǐng)?zhí)幚硇实奶岣咭约皻W洲安全國(guó)家政策及難民接納政策的調(diào)整,2016年的歐洲難民危機(jī)呈現(xiàn)出如下六個(gè)方面的新特征:進(jìn)入歐洲地區(qū)的難民數(shù)量斷崖式急劇減少;提出難民庇護(hù)申請(qǐng)的人數(shù)穩(wěn)中有降,但個(gè)別國(guó)家如德國(guó)的難民庇護(hù)申請(qǐng)人數(shù)出現(xiàn)井噴式急劇升高;處理難民庇護(hù)申請(qǐng)的速度加快、處理量急劇加大;被接納為難民的和被拒的避難申請(qǐng)者數(shù)量均迅速增長(zhǎng);難民庇護(hù)申請(qǐng)者的來(lái)源國(guó)國(guó)別結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生變化;難民庇護(hù)申請(qǐng)的接納國(guó)家的國(guó)別結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)重塑。控制和減少難民數(shù)量的目標(biāo)已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn),但遣返被拒難民和已接受難民的社會(huì)融合目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn),將是擺在歐洲國(guó)家和歐盟面前的一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期的艱巨任務(wù)。
[Abstract]:As a result of the implementation of the agreement between the European Union and Turkey on refugees, European countries have tightened their refugee policies and the delayed effect of refugee claims. With the improvement of refugee asylum application processing efficiency and the adjustment of European national security policy and refugee acceptance policy, the European refugee crisis in 2016 presents the following six new characteristics: the number of refugees entering Europe has declined precipitously; The number of refugees applying for asylum has declined steadily, but the number of refugees applying for asylum has increased sharply in individual countries, such as Germany, the speed of processing refugee asylum applications has been accelerated, and the processing of refugee asylum applications has increased sharply. The number of asylum applicants accepted as refugees and rejected has increased rapidly; the country structure of the country of origin of the refugee asylum applicant has changed; and the country structure of the host country of the asylum application has been reshaped. The goal of controlling and reducing the number of refugees has been achieved, but the goal of social integration for the repatriation of rejected and accepted refugees will be a long-term and arduous task for European countries and the European Union.
【作者單位】： 山東大學(xué)移民研究所;山東大學(xué)哲學(xué)與社會(huì)發(fā)展學(xué)院社會(huì)學(xué)系;
【基金】：國(guó)家社科基金項(xiàng)目“歐盟的難民危機(jī)、移民融入問(wèn)題及其治理研究”(項(xiàng)目號(hào):17BMZ091) 教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)重點(diǎn)研究基地重大項(xiàng)目“宗教信仰與流動(dòng)人口的社會(huì)融入研究”(項(xiàng)目號(hào):13JJD730002)的階段性研究成果
【分類號(hào)】：D815.6
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本文編號(hào)：2170532