發(fā)布時間：2018-08-04 21:28

【摘要】：認(rèn)知安全環(huán)境，進(jìn)而覺察、界定敵友是美國制定國家安全戰(zhàn)略及地區(qū)戰(zhàn)略的起點。冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，伴隨著美蘇兩極對峙格局的結(jié)束，東北亞的安全形勢開始發(fā)生巨大變化，這意味美國必須重新認(rèn)知東北亞的安全形勢，判斷敵友力量，從而為其制定東北亞安全戰(zhàn)略提供依據(jù)。本文主要考察了冷戰(zhàn)后老布什政府后期至奧巴馬政府第一任期美國對東北亞安全認(rèn)知的演變。 第一章主要分析了老布什政府末期到克林頓政府時期美國政府對東北亞多元安全威脅的認(rèn)知。此段時期是東北亞從“冷戰(zhàn)”時代向“后冷戰(zhàn)”時代的轉(zhuǎn)型期。面對蘇聯(lián)這一核心威脅的消失，美國開始以一種多元安全觀重新審視東北亞。中國在美國的安全認(rèn)知視野中經(jīng)歷了“政治問題”國家到“安全問題”國家的演變；朝鮮，隨著核問題的出現(xiàn)，，成為美國在東北亞潛在的軍事威脅；韓國和日本作為其盟友也開始被重新審視，尤其日本被美國視為是其經(jīng)濟(jì)安全領(lǐng)域中的一種挑戰(zhàn)。 第二章主要分析了小布什政府到奧巴馬政府第一任期美國對東北亞安全認(rèn)知的調(diào)整與明晰。此時由于中國經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事實力的不斷增強(qiáng)，美國開始高度重視中國，從小布什政府到奧巴馬政府美國對中國的安全認(rèn)知經(jīng)歷了從“戰(zhàn)略競爭者”（潛在地緣政治對手）到現(xiàn)實挑戰(zhàn)者的轉(zhuǎn)變；朝鮮核危機(jī)依然存在，但無論是在小布什政府時期還是在奧巴馬政府時期，美國僅將朝鮮視為美國在東北亞的安全威脅之一存在，認(rèn)為朝鮮并非是美國在東北亞的核心威脅；為了應(yīng)對中國和朝鮮問題，美日、美韓同盟在此時期總體上一直處于不斷強(qiáng)化的狀態(tài)。 第三章主要從認(rèn)知主體——美國國家利益的驅(qū)動、認(rèn)知客體——東北亞權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)的變遷及國際局勢的影響三方面分析了美國對東亞安全認(rèn)知演變的原因。首先，美國對東北亞安全認(rèn)知的演變是受美國要主導(dǎo)東北亞秩序這一核心利益所驅(qū)動的，以這一核心利益為基礎(chǔ)，美國不斷根據(jù)自身實力及東北亞安全環(huán)境的演變，逐步調(diào)整對東北亞的安全認(rèn)知；其次，美國對東北亞安全認(rèn)知受到了客體東北亞權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)變遷的影響，冷戰(zhàn)后東北亞權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)的變遷是美國對東北亞安全認(rèn)知演變的最重要的客觀因素；最后，國際局勢的變動也是影響美國對東北亞安全認(rèn)知重要因素，冷戰(zhàn)終結(jié)、9·11事件、2008年金融危機(jī)都對美國東北亞安全認(rèn)知的變化產(chǎn)生了重大影響。
[Abstract]:Recognizing the security environment, and then perceiving, defining the enemy and friend are the starting point of the national security strategy and regional strategy of the United States. After the end of the Cold War, with the end of the bipolar confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union, the security situation in Northeast Asia began to undergo tremendous changes. This means that the United States must re-recognize the security situation in Northeast Asia and judge the strength of its enemies and friends. Thus provides the basis for its formulation of Northeast Asia security strategy. This paper mainly examines the evolution of the security cognition of Northeast Asia from the late Bush Administration after the Cold War to the first term of the Obama administration. The first chapter mainly analyzes the cognition of the United States administration to the threats to the pluralistic security in Northeast Asia from the end of the Bush administration to the Clinton administration. This period is the transition period from "Cold War" era to "post-Cold War" era in Northeast Asia. Faced with the disappearance of the core threat of the Soviet Union, the United States began to re-examine Northeast Asia with a pluralistic view of security. China has experienced the evolution from "political issue" country to "security issue" country in the view of American security cognition, North Korea, with the appearance of nuclear issue, has become a potential military threat to the United States in Northeast Asia. South Korea and Japan as allies are also beginning to be revisited, particularly as Japan is seen by the United States as a challenge to its economic security. Chapter two mainly analyzes the adjustment and clarity of the security cognition of Northeast Asia in the first term from the Bush administration to the Obama administration. At this time, due to the increasing economic and military strength of China, the United States began to attach great importance to China. The Bush administration to the Obama administration experienced a shift from a "strategic competitor" (a potential geopolitical rival) to a realistic challenger from a "strategic competitor" to a U.S. security perception of China; the North Korean nuclear crisis still exists. However, during the Bush administration and the Obama administration, the United States only regarded North Korea as one of the security threats of the United States in Northeast Asia, and considered that North Korea was not the core threat of the United States in Northeast Asia. To deal with China and North Korea, the United States and Japan, the United States and South Korea alliance during this period in general has been in a state of constant strengthening. The third chapter analyzes the reasons of the evolution of American cognition on East Asian security from three aspects: the driving of American national interest, the change of power structure of Northeast Asia and the influence of international situation. First of all, the evolution of the United States' perception of security in Northeast Asia is driven by the core interest of the United States in dominating the order of Northeast Asia. On the basis of this core interest, the United States is constantly evolving according to its own strength and the security environment in Northeast Asia. Secondly, the security cognition of the United States is influenced by the change of power structure in Northeast Asia. The change of power structure in Northeast Asia after the Cold War is the most important objective factor of the evolution of the United States' understanding of security in Northeast Asia, and finally, the change of the international situation is also an important factor affecting the United States' perception of security in Northeast Asia. The end of the Cold War and the 2008 financial crisis have had a great impact on the change of security perception in Northeast Asia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D819;D871.2

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