【摘要】：城市化和人口老齡化是21世紀全球兩大趨勢,也是各國和地區(qū)面臨的重大挑戰(zhàn)。2013年我國的勞動人口首次出現(xiàn)負增長,人口紅利優(yōu)勢逐漸喪失,老年人群在城市中扮演著越來越重要的角色,對我國的公共服務(wù)設(shè)施也提出了新的發(fā)展要求。然而當前西安市的公共服務(wù)的配置嚴重不足,并與老年人口的空間分布相悖,面對老齡化發(fā)展趨勢,現(xiàn)有的國家和地方規(guī)范仍顯滯后,總量配置過小,設(shè)施類型非硬性要求配置;此外,規(guī)范在差異化配置方面考慮不足,不適應(yīng)老年人口空間配置的差異,也沒有考慮城區(qū)內(nèi)部土地供應(yīng)狀況的不同,人均指標沒體現(xiàn)差異性。本論文從分析西安市老年人口入手,研究西安市老年人公共服務(wù)設(shè)施體系,從老年公共服務(wù)設(shè)施種類的優(yōu)化完善到雙級體系控制的配建標準的建立。首先,老年公共服務(wù)設(shè)施種類結(jié)合相關(guān)研究提出了居住型、學(xué)娛型、醫(yī)護型和管理性四類老年人公共服務(wù)設(shè)施,其次,論文結(jié)合老年人需求與老年公共服務(wù)設(shè)施供給兩方面因素,提出了未來西安市老年公共服務(wù)設(shè)施的配置可采用雙級體系控制的配建標準,即規(guī)模分級和區(qū)位分級。規(guī)模分級從老年人對公共服務(wù)設(shè)施的需求方面分析,主要結(jié)合人口規(guī)模,體現(xiàn)市級-區(qū)級-居住區(qū)級-小區(qū)級的的配建體系,明確數(shù)量;而區(qū)位分級則是從老年公共服務(wù)設(shè)施的供給考慮,按照西安市老年人與老年公共服務(wù)設(shè)施的分布特征及未來趨勢,提出區(qū)位分級的概念,將西安市劃分為Ⅰ級和Ⅱ級,差異化對待,提高了可實施性。最后,論文提出未來老年公共服務(wù)設(shè)施的配置應(yīng)完善設(shè)施類型體系、優(yōu)化設(shè)施空間布局并采取措施保障設(shè)施規(guī)劃實施。設(shè)施類型體系主要加強專享型為老設(shè)施的建設(shè);設(shè)施的空間布局應(yīng)結(jié)合老年人特征采用等級配置并與老年人空間分布相匹配;設(shè)施保障措施主要是政府應(yīng)盡快完善老年人公共服務(wù)設(shè)施實施細則并加強專業(yè)人員的培養(yǎng)。
[Abstract]:Urbanization and population aging are two major global trends in the 21st century, and are also the major challenges facing all countries and regions. In 2013, China's working population experienced a negative growth for the first time, and the advantages of the demographic dividend gradually lost. The elderly people play a more and more important role in the city, and put forward new requirements for the development of public service facilities in our country. However, the current allocation of public services in Xi'an is seriously inadequate and contrary to the spatial distribution of the elderly population. In the face of the trend of aging, the existing national and local norms are still lagging behind, and the total allocation is too small. In addition, the standard does not consider the difference in the allocation of population space, does not adapt to the differences in spatial allocation of the elderly population, does not take into account the different land supply situation in urban areas, and does not reflect the difference in per capita indicators. Starting with the analysis of the elderly population in Xi'an, this paper studies the system of public service facilities for the elderly in Xi'an, from the optimization and perfection of the types of public service facilities for the elderly to the establishment of the construction standards for the control of the two-level system. First of all, the types of public service facilities for the elderly combined with the relevant studies put forward four types of public service facilities for the elderly, including residential type, school type, medical type and management type, and then put forward four types of public service facilities for the elderly. Combined with the demand of the elderly and the supply of public service facilities for the elderly, the paper puts forward that the allocation of the public service facilities for the elderly in Xi'an in the future can be controlled by a two-level system, namely scale classification and location classification. Scale classification from the elderly demand for public service facilities analysis, mainly combined with the population size, reflects the city-district level-residential level of the allocation system, clear quantity; In view of the supply of public service facilities for the elderly, according to the distribution characteristics and future trends of the elderly and elderly public service facilities in Xi'an, the concept of location classification is put forward, and Xi'an is divided into grade 鈪，

本文編號：2147202