協(xié)商民主視角下人民政協(xié)制度研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-26 20:27
【摘要】：民主價(jià)值具有普遍性,它是人類美好的夢想。我國是社會(huì)主義國家,追求和發(fā)展人民民主是我國政治文明建設(shè)的主要內(nèi)容。民主的形式具有多樣性,人們可以根據(jù)具體的歷史和實(shí)踐條件進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造和選擇。相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的民主形式而言,協(xié)商民主具有獨(dú)特的功能,是一種新的民主形式。我國倡導(dǎo)和發(fā)展社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主。西方的協(xié)商民主理論,經(jīng)過揚(yáng)棄之后,可以成為我國民主建設(shè)的他山之石。我國強(qiáng)調(diào)社會(huì)主義民主形式的多樣化,一方面認(rèn)為選舉民主與協(xié)商民主是社會(huì)主義民主兩種重要的形式,同時(shí)要求協(xié)商民主應(yīng)該全方位、多層次擴(kuò)展。我國的人民政協(xié)具有深厚的理論淵源和長期的歷史實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。從社會(huì)主義基本理論的角度來看,它的理論淵源主要是馬克思、恩格斯、列寧以及中國共產(chǎn)黨主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的經(jīng)典著作中的統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線和人民民主理論。協(xié)商政治的有關(guān)形式是人民政協(xié)政治協(xié)商的前身。從這個(gè)角度看,中國的協(xié)商政治的歷史實(shí)踐從清末預(yù)備立憲就開始了,歷經(jīng)了 100多年;期間既有清政府挽救危亡的預(yù)備立憲協(xié)商機(jī)制、大革命時(shí)期國共第一次合作的協(xié)商機(jī)制、抗日救亡時(shí)期國共第二次合作的協(xié)商機(jī)制、抗戰(zhàn)勝利后爭取和平建國命運(yùn)的重慶談判時(shí)期的協(xié)商機(jī)制、解放戰(zhàn)爭爭取建立新中國的人民政協(xié)的協(xié)商機(jī)制,也有新中國建立之初和社會(huì)主義時(shí)期人民政協(xié)的協(xié)商機(jī)制。百年的協(xié)商政治以及六十多年的人民政協(xié)的歷史實(shí)踐,給了中國人深刻的啟示,它向世人宣示:民主夢想是中國人的美好夢想和一貫追求;協(xié)商政治和人民政協(xié)在中國具有客觀的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,具有很高的威信:它也展現(xiàn)了作為協(xié)商民主重要組織的人民政協(xié)自身的諸多特色。在社會(huì)主義市民社會(huì)逐步形成與發(fā)展的情形下,將人民政協(xié)作為我國發(fā)揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的重要組織機(jī)構(gòu)是必要的,在政治方面、社會(huì)方面以及公民個(gè)人方面都能發(fā)揮積極的功能。在政治方面,它有利于提升政治合法性、監(jiān)督公共權(quán)力、提高決策的質(zhì)量和決策執(zhí)行的效果、解決政治沖突與緩和政治矛盾、改善政府形象與提高行政效能,同時(shí)也是人民政協(xié)改革與完善的新視角。在社會(huì)方面,它有利于吸納社會(huì)的多元利益與維護(hù)社會(huì)公平正義、化解社會(huì)矛盾與推動(dòng)有序參與、形成社會(huì)共識(shí)與凈化社會(huì)風(fēng)氣以及培育公民社會(huì)的發(fā)展。在公民個(gè)人方面,它有利于增強(qiáng)公民的主體意識(shí)和責(zé)任感、增進(jìn)公民個(gè)人的知識(shí)和能力、增進(jìn)公民個(gè)人的理性,培育現(xiàn)代意義的公民。將人民政協(xié)作為我國發(fā)揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的重要組織機(jī)構(gòu)是可行的。我國的公有制為主體的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)、傳統(tǒng)的“和合”與“和諧”的文化理念、人民政權(quán)的建立與安定團(tuán)結(jié)的政治局面為其提供了外在條件。人民政協(xié)自身的主體范圍的廣泛性與地位的平等性、協(xié)商機(jī)構(gòu)與組織的完備性、協(xié)商機(jī)制的程序化與制度化以及協(xié)商結(jié)論的權(quán)威性與有效性等特色為其提供了特有條件。人民政協(xié)依照憲法與政協(xié)章程以及相關(guān)的規(guī)范,積極展開各種活動(dòng),進(jìn)行有效運(yùn)行。人民政協(xié)擁有政治協(xié)商、民主監(jiān)督與參政議政三大職能。為了人民政協(xié)積極履行三大職能、很好的發(fā)揮其在社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主中的作用,人民政協(xié)的主體性結(jié)構(gòu)與會(huì)議、活動(dòng)制度得到了必要的建設(shè)。在新的歷史條件下,應(yīng)當(dāng)充分利用人民政協(xié)這個(gè)重要的組織機(jī)構(gòu),結(jié)合當(dāng)前變化發(fā)展了的、有利的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)文化以及人民政協(xié)自身的各項(xiàng)條件,積極促進(jìn)我國協(xié)商民主的發(fā)展。同時(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)人民政協(xié)進(jìn)行與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的改革和發(fā)展。改革涉及到人民政協(xié)的性質(zhì)定位、功能定位以及有關(guān)人民政協(xié)的組織、活動(dòng)和法制化等各方面。
[Abstract]:The democratic value is universal, it is a beautiful dream of mankind. Our country is a socialist country. The pursuit and development of people's democracy is the main content of the construction of political civilization in our country. The form of democracy is diverse and people can create and choose according to the specific historical and practical conditions. Democracy has a unique function and a new form of democracy. China advocates and develops socialist consultative democracy. After abandonment, Western consultative democratic theory can be a stone for the construction of democracy in our country. China emphasizes the diversity of socialist democratic forms. On the one hand, the election and consultative democracy are the social owners. The two important forms of justice democracy require that the consultative democracy should be omni-directional and multi-level. The Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference has a profound theoretical origin and long-term historical experience. From the perspective of the basic theory of socialism, its theoretical origin is mainly Marx, Engels, Lenin and the main leaders of the Communist Party of China. The united front and the people's democratic theory in the classic works are the predecessor of the political consultative consultative consultation of the people's Political Consultative Conference. From this point of view, the historical practice of China's consultative politics began to prepare constitutionalism from the end of the Qing Dynasty. It has lasted for more than 100 years; during the period, it has both the preparatory constitutional consultation mechanism of the Qing government to save the peril and the great revolution. The consultation mechanism of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China, the consultation mechanism of the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party during the Anti Japanese and national salvation period, the negotiation mechanism of the Chongqing negotiation period after the victory of the war of resistance for the peace and the founding of the people's Republic of China, the liberation war striving for the establishment of the consultative mechanism of the people's Political Consultative Conference of new China, and the people's Political Consultative Conference at the beginning of the founding of new China and the socialist period. The consultative mechanism, the consultative politics of a hundred years and the historical practice of the more than 60 years of the people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) have given the Chinese people a profound revelation. It shows that the dream of democracy is a beautiful dream and a consistent pursuit of the Chinese people; consultative politics and the people's Political Consultative Conference in China have an objective reality and a high prestige. In the case of the gradual formation and development of the socialist civil society, the people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), as an important organization for the development of socialist democratic consultative democracy, is necessary for the people's Political Consultative Conference of the people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), an important organization of democratic important organizations, to play an active role in political, social and civil affairs. On the other hand, it is beneficial to the promotion of political legitimacy, the supervision of the public power, the improvement of the quality of decision-making and the effect of decision making, the solution of political conflict and the easing of political contradictions, the improvement of government image and the improvement of administrative efficiency, and a new perspective of the reform and improvement of the people's Political Consultative Conference. In the social aspect, it is conducive to the absorption of the pluralistic interests of the society and Maintaining social fairness and justice, resolving social contradictions and promoting orderly participation, forming social consensus and purifying social atmosphere, and fostering the development of civil society. On the individual side of the citizen, it is beneficial to enhance the consciousness and sense of responsibility of the citizens, enhance the knowledge and power of the individual, enhance the rationality of the individual and cultivate the modern significance. It is feasible to take the people's Political Consultative Conference as an important organization of socialist consultative democracy in our country. The public ownership of our country is the economic basis of the main body. The traditional cultural concept of "harmony" and "harmony", the establishment of the people's political power and the political situation of stability and unity provide the external conditions for the people's Political Consultative Conference. The universality of the scope and status, the completeness of the consultative organization and organization, the procedure and the institutionalization of the consultation mechanism, and the authority and effectiveness of the conclusion of consultation provide special conditions for it. The CPPCC actively launches various activities in accordance with the Constitution and the articles of association of the CPPCC and the related norms, and carries out effective operation. The Civil Affairs Association has three functions of political consultation, democratic supervision and participation in political and political affairs. In order to perform the three functions of the CPPCC actively, it is good to play its role in the socialist consultative democracy. The main structure of the CPPCC and the conference and the system of activities have been necessary. Under the new historical conditions, the civil affairs should be fully utilized. Combining the important organizational structure with the current changes, favorable political and economic culture and the conditions of the people's Political Consultative Conference, we should actively promote the development of democratic consultative democracy in China. At the same time, we should carry out the reform and development of the people's Political Consultative Conference with the times. The organization, activities and legalization of the CPPCC.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D627
本文編號(hào)：2147201
[Abstract]:The democratic value is universal, it is a beautiful dream of mankind. Our country is a socialist country. The pursuit and development of people's democracy is the main content of the construction of political civilization in our country. The form of democracy is diverse and people can create and choose according to the specific historical and practical conditions. Democracy has a unique function and a new form of democracy. China advocates and develops socialist consultative democracy. After abandonment, Western consultative democratic theory can be a stone for the construction of democracy in our country. China emphasizes the diversity of socialist democratic forms. On the one hand, the election and consultative democracy are the social owners. The two important forms of justice democracy require that the consultative democracy should be omni-directional and multi-level. The Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference has a profound theoretical origin and long-term historical experience. From the perspective of the basic theory of socialism, its theoretical origin is mainly Marx, Engels, Lenin and the main leaders of the Communist Party of China. The united front and the people's democratic theory in the classic works are the predecessor of the political consultative consultative consultation of the people's Political Consultative Conference. From this point of view, the historical practice of China's consultative politics began to prepare constitutionalism from the end of the Qing Dynasty. It has lasted for more than 100 years; during the period, it has both the preparatory constitutional consultation mechanism of the Qing government to save the peril and the great revolution. The consultation mechanism of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China, the consultation mechanism of the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party during the Anti Japanese and national salvation period, the negotiation mechanism of the Chongqing negotiation period after the victory of the war of resistance for the peace and the founding of the people's Republic of China, the liberation war striving for the establishment of the consultative mechanism of the people's Political Consultative Conference of new China, and the people's Political Consultative Conference at the beginning of the founding of new China and the socialist period. The consultative mechanism, the consultative politics of a hundred years and the historical practice of the more than 60 years of the people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) have given the Chinese people a profound revelation. It shows that the dream of democracy is a beautiful dream and a consistent pursuit of the Chinese people; consultative politics and the people's Political Consultative Conference in China have an objective reality and a high prestige. In the case of the gradual formation and development of the socialist civil society, the people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), as an important organization for the development of socialist democratic consultative democracy, is necessary for the people's Political Consultative Conference of the people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), an important organization of democratic important organizations, to play an active role in political, social and civil affairs. On the other hand, it is beneficial to the promotion of political legitimacy, the supervision of the public power, the improvement of the quality of decision-making and the effect of decision making, the solution of political conflict and the easing of political contradictions, the improvement of government image and the improvement of administrative efficiency, and a new perspective of the reform and improvement of the people's Political Consultative Conference. In the social aspect, it is conducive to the absorption of the pluralistic interests of the society and Maintaining social fairness and justice, resolving social contradictions and promoting orderly participation, forming social consensus and purifying social atmosphere, and fostering the development of civil society. On the individual side of the citizen, it is beneficial to enhance the consciousness and sense of responsibility of the citizens, enhance the knowledge and power of the individual, enhance the rationality of the individual and cultivate the modern significance. It is feasible to take the people's Political Consultative Conference as an important organization of socialist consultative democracy in our country. The public ownership of our country is the economic basis of the main body. The traditional cultural concept of "harmony" and "harmony", the establishment of the people's political power and the political situation of stability and unity provide the external conditions for the people's Political Consultative Conference. The universality of the scope and status, the completeness of the consultative organization and organization, the procedure and the institutionalization of the consultation mechanism, and the authority and effectiveness of the conclusion of consultation provide special conditions for it. The CPPCC actively launches various activities in accordance with the Constitution and the articles of association of the CPPCC and the related norms, and carries out effective operation. The Civil Affairs Association has three functions of political consultation, democratic supervision and participation in political and political affairs. In order to perform the three functions of the CPPCC actively, it is good to play its role in the socialist consultative democracy. The main structure of the CPPCC and the conference and the system of activities have been necessary. Under the new historical conditions, the civil affairs should be fully utilized. Combining the important organizational structure with the current changes, favorable political and economic culture and the conditions of the people's Political Consultative Conference, we should actively promote the development of democratic consultative democracy in China. At the same time, we should carry out the reform and development of the people's Political Consultative Conference with the times. The organization, activities and legalization of the CPPCC.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D627
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