本文選題：政治文化 + 傳統(tǒng)政治文化　； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：政治文化和政治參與作為現(xiàn)代政治發(fā)展的重要現(xiàn)象,是民主政治的重要組成部分。政治文化是政治參與的心理基礎(chǔ),政治參與是政治文化的外在表現(xiàn)。經(jīng)過兩千多年的封建專制制度而形成的傳統(tǒng)政治文化,更是以一種無形的力量深深地扎根于農(nóng)民的內(nèi)心深處,影響著農(nóng)民的政治參與。按照阿爾蒙德對政治文化的分類,我國傳統(tǒng)政治文化屬于臣民型政治文化,是一種帶有依附色彩的政治文化類型。其中不乏有民本主義的思想、大一統(tǒng)的國家觀、和諧的理念和愛國的集體主義等積極因素,對我國社會的發(fā)展具有重要的價值和意義。但更多的則是專制主義、王權(quán)主義、宗法觀念、人治主義、中庸觀念等消極因素至今仍然活躍著,并且某些習(xí)性和品格已內(nèi)到農(nóng)民的內(nèi)心深處。傳統(tǒng)的消極的歷史文化因素和現(xiàn)代的積極的政治參與要求在現(xiàn)實的農(nóng)村層面中產(chǎn)生了分歧與碰撞,必然會消解農(nóng)民的政治參與意識,降低農(nóng)民的政治參與能力,影響農(nóng)民的政治參與行為。在一定程度上,遏制了農(nóng)民政治參與的有序擴大,妨礙了我國農(nóng)村民主政治的順利發(fā)展,不利于現(xiàn)代民主政治的向前發(fā)展。我國是有著五千多年歷史的文明古國,傳統(tǒng)是我們寶貴的財富,拋棄傳統(tǒng),無視傳統(tǒng)中的積極因素,既是對我們先人的不尊重,也是對我們子孫后代的不負責(zé)。因此對待我國傳統(tǒng)政治文化的正確態(tài)度是取其精華去其糟粕:對于其中的積極因素,我們要加以繼承和發(fā)揚;對于其中的消極因素,我們要加以克服和清除。針對當前傳統(tǒng)政治文化中的消極因素,造成我國農(nóng)民的政治參與意識薄弱,消極的政治參與心理,沒有形成獨立的政治參與情感和政治參與行為的不規(guī)范等現(xiàn)狀,提出相對應(yīng)的消解對策:通過擯棄傳統(tǒng)等級觀念、克服父家長制權(quán)威,提高農(nóng)民的政治參與意識;通過破除臣民和冷漠的政治參與心理,樹立農(nóng)民積極的政治參與心理;通過擺脫“官本位”和“人治主義”的消極影響,增加農(nóng)民獨立的政治參與情感;通過加強農(nóng)民組織化建設(shè)和完善政治參與制度體系,規(guī)范農(nóng)民的政治參與行為。在一系列制度和措施強有力的保障之下,合理清除我國傳統(tǒng)政治文化的消極因素,建成參與型的政治文化,將會有利于我國農(nóng)民政治參與的積極發(fā)展,推動農(nóng)村民主政治現(xiàn)代化,進而推動國家政治現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As an important phenomenon of modern political development, political culture and political participation are important components of democratic politics. Political culture is the psychological basis of political participation, and political participation is the external manifestation of political culture. After more than two thousand years of feudal autocratic system, the traditional political culture is deeply rooted in the deep heart of the peasants with a kind of invisible force, which affects the peasants' political participation. According to Almond's classification of political culture, Chinese traditional political culture belongs to the subject type of political culture and is a kind of political culture with attachment color. Among them, there are many positive factors, such as people-oriented thought, unified state view, harmonious idea and patriotic collectivism, which are of great value and significance to the development of our society. However, some negative factors, such as autocracy, Wang Quan doctrine, patriarchal concept, rule of man, mediocre and so on, are still active, and some habits and characters have been embedded in the hearts of peasants. The traditional negative historical and cultural factors and the modern positive political participation require the difference and collision in the realistic rural level, which will inevitably dispel the peasants' consciousness of political participation and reduce their ability to participate in politics. Influence farmer's political participation behavior. To a certain extent, it has restrained the orderly expansion of peasants' political participation, hindered the smooth development of our country's rural democratic politics, and is not conducive to the development of modern democratic politics. China is an ancient civilized country with a history of more than five thousand years. Tradition is our precious wealth. Abandoning tradition and ignoring the positive factors in tradition is not only disrespect to our forefathers but also irresponsible to our children and grandchildren. Therefore, the correct attitude towards Chinese traditional political culture is to take its essence away from its dross: to inherit and carry forward the positive factors, and to overcome and eliminate the negative factors. In view of the negative factors in the current traditional political culture, the peasants' consciousness of political participation is weak, the negative psychology of political participation, the lack of independent emotion of political participation and the non-standard behavior of political participation, etc. The corresponding countermeasures are put forward: to overcome the authority of the patriarchal system, to improve the peasants' consciousness of political participation, to establish the peasants' positive psychology of political participation by eliminating the political participation psychology of subjects and apathy, to overcome the traditional idea of hierarchy, to overcome the authority of the patriarchal system, and to raise the peasants' consciousness of political participation. By getting rid of the negative influence of "officialdom" and "rule of man", we can increase the peasants' independent political participation emotion, and standardize the peasants' political participation behavior by strengthening the farmers' organizational construction and perfecting the system of political participation. Under the strong guarantee of a series of systems and measures, reasonably eliminating the negative factors of our traditional political culture and establishing a participatory political culture will be conducive to the positive development of our country's peasants' political participation. Promote the modernization of rural democratic politics, and then promote the development of national political modernization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D621.5

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本文編號：2054550