發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-22 19:54

  本文選題：新型農(nóng)村社區(qū) + 農(nóng)村社區(qū)　； 參考：《河南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)在20世紀(jì)末進(jìn)入老齡化社會(huì),成為世界上老年人口最多的國(guó)家,且近70%的老年人居住在農(nóng)村,因此決定了中國(guó)老齡化事業(yè)的工作重點(diǎn)在農(nóng)村。2014年“中央一號(hào)文件”明確提出要加快構(gòu)建農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系。新型農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)不僅是實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村“老有所養(yǎng)”的重要形式,也是深化農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保障制度改革的重要舉措。然而,新型農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)仍處于試點(diǎn)探索階段,亟需從理論視角對(duì)新型農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究。本文對(duì)當(dāng)前新型農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的背景進(jìn)行了分析,梳理了有關(guān)農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老的理論研究,介紹了老齡化、新型農(nóng)村社區(qū)和社區(qū)養(yǎng)老的概念。運(yùn)用公共產(chǎn)品理論進(jìn)行分析,確定了社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的性質(zhì)是準(zhǔn)公共產(chǎn)品;按照馬斯洛需求層次理論,調(diào)查了社區(qū)居民的各個(gè)層次的養(yǎng)老需求;從供需均衡理論的視角,分析了劉河中心社區(qū)的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的供給現(xiàn)狀。對(duì)Y市劉河中心社區(qū)進(jìn)行調(diào)研,從物質(zhì)生活保障、生活照顧服務(wù)、醫(yī)療服務(wù)和精神心理健康服務(wù)四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分類調(diào)查,了解到社區(qū)居民養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的需求情況。農(nóng)村老年人的物質(zhì)生活保障和社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)供給嚴(yán)重不足,政策上存在重城輕農(nóng)的的現(xiàn)象。同時(shí)存在資金投入不足,對(duì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)缺乏監(jiān)管,養(yǎng)老服務(wù)人員不專業(yè),社區(qū)硬件設(shè)施難以維持社區(qū)養(yǎng)老以及宣傳工作不到位等問(wèn)題,導(dǎo)致了農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的供需失衡的現(xiàn)狀。通過(guò)借鑒英國(guó)、日本和德國(guó)等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在養(yǎng)老服務(wù)方面的研究和經(jīng)驗(yàn),結(jié)合我國(guó)國(guó)情和農(nóng)村的實(shí)際情況,提出了發(fā)展我國(guó)新型農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系的措施:首先建立新型農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系統(tǒng)一的管理組織機(jī)構(gòu),加大政府對(duì)社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的政策與資金支持,加強(qiáng)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)人員的隊(duì)伍建設(shè),強(qiáng)化醫(yī)療服務(wù)在養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系中的作用,鼓勵(lì)建設(shè)無(wú)障礙環(huán)境,此外,還要加強(qiáng)對(duì)社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的宣傳教育工作。
[Abstract]:China entered an aging society at the end of the 20th century, becoming the country with the largest number of elderly people in the world, and nearly 70% of the elderly live in rural areas. Therefore, the priority of aging in China lies in the countryside. In 2014, the No. 1 document of the Central Committee clearly proposed to accelerate the construction of rural social old-age service system. The new rural community old-age service is not only an important form to realize the "sense of security" in rural areas, but also an important measure to deepen the reform of rural old-age security system. However, the new rural community pension service is still in the stage of pilot exploration, it is urgent to study the new rural community pension service from the theoretical perspective. This paper analyzes the background of the current new rural community pension service, combs the theoretical research on the rural community old-age care, introduces the concept of aging, new rural community and community old-age care. Based on the analysis of public product theory, this paper determines that the nature of community pension service is quasi-public product; according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, it investigates the community residents' various levels of pension demand; from the perspective of supply and demand equilibrium theory, This paper analyzes the current situation of the provision of old-age service in the central community of Liuhe River. This paper investigates the community of Liuhe center in Y city, and makes a classification investigation from four aspects: material life security, life care service, medical service and mental health service, and finds out the demand of community residents' old-age service. The material life security and the community old-age service supply of the rural old people are seriously insufficient, and the phenomenon of emphasizing the city and neglecting the agriculture exists in the policy. At the same time, there are problems such as insufficient investment in funds, lack of supervision over pension services, unprofessional pension service personnel, difficulties in maintaining community old-age care facilities in community hardware facilities, and inadequate publicity work, and so on. Led to the rural community pension service supply and demand imbalance of the status quo. By learning from the research and experience of developed countries such as Britain, Japan and Germany in the field of old-age services, and combining the actual conditions of our country and the rural areas, This paper puts forward the measures to develop the new rural community old-age service system in China: firstly, it establishes the unified management organization of the new rural community old-age care service system, and increases the government's policy and financial support to the community old-age care service. We should strengthen the construction of the ranks of the old-age service personnel, strengthen the role of medical service in the old-age service system, and encourage the construction of barrier-free environment. In addition, we should strengthen the publicity and education of the community old-age service.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D669.6

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