本文選題：左翼 + 拉美左翼政黨��； 參考：《西北師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束之后,左翼政黨遭受打擊,蘇聯(lián)解體,左翼國家改弦易張,西方世界意識(shí)形態(tài)在全球擴(kuò)張。而南美洲大陸卻是另一番景象,拉美左翼政黨在經(jīng)歷短暫的蟄伏之后,紛紛上臺(tái)執(zhí)政,左翼運(yùn)動(dòng)開展的如火如荼。這些政權(quán)(除古巴外)均通過民主方式上臺(tái),同時(shí)這些左翼政府大多傾向于務(wù)實(shí)主義的政策,而這些政權(quán)之間又具有較高的凝聚力,并在委內(nèi)瑞拉前總統(tǒng)查韋斯的牽頭下組建了多個(gè)區(qū)域組織。正是在這種政治背景下,我開始對(duì)拉美左翼政黨問題進(jìn)行研究。左翼力量在拉美政壇過去十多年的崛起是繼拉美民主化浪潮之后的重要政治發(fā)展,在后查韋斯時(shí)期拉美左翼運(yùn)動(dòng)不會(huì)停滯但將面臨調(diào)整;左派執(zhí)政的社會(huì)基礎(chǔ)仍然存在,但是仍然面臨著反對(duì)黨的挑戰(zhàn)、民主鞏固依舊是執(zhí)政黨需要解決的難題。進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來,一批左翼政府的崛起導(dǎo)致了拉美政治版圖的大改組,并標(biāo)志著一股新的變革潮流的出現(xiàn)。這些左翼政黨究竟屬于何種性質(zhì)?它們?yōu)楹文茉诶勒挝枧_(tái)上崛起?它們領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的政府究竟實(shí)行了哪些變革?其前景如何?對(duì)國際政治又有什么影響?本題試圖圍繞這些問題進(jìn)行一些分析和探討。本文主體由四部分內(nèi)容構(gòu)成,第一部分對(duì)拉美左翼概念進(jìn)行界定、拉美左翼政黨的興起與發(fā)展做了梳理;第二部分對(duì)拉美左翼政黨的理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行分析,包括拉美左翼流派的分類,拉美左翼運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的理論基礎(chǔ)以及拉美左翼理論的發(fā)展;第三部分對(duì)拉美左翼政黨在冷戰(zhàn)前后的變化進(jìn)行分析,包括冷戰(zhàn)前后左翼政黨政治綱領(lǐng)比較,左翼政黨社會(huì)動(dòng)員方式比較和政黨關(guān)系比較;第四部分主要分析拉美左翼政黨存在的挑戰(zhàn)及對(duì)國際政治的影響,存在的挑戰(zhàn)主要包括右翼勢(shì)力競爭,執(zhí)政黨腐敗,西方國家干涉和左翼政黨自身欠缺科學(xué)系統(tǒng)的指導(dǎo)理念,左翼的影響主要體現(xiàn)在對(duì)國際政治格局和國際社會(huì)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)兩方面。就未來發(fā)展而言,在美國將戰(zhàn)略重心轉(zhuǎn)向亞太地區(qū)后,拉美左翼政權(quán)可能贏得更廣闊的國際發(fā)展空間,從而繼續(xù)推進(jìn)地區(qū)一體化趨勢(shì);就國際社會(huì)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)而言,拉美左翼政黨雖然不是純粹的馬克思主義政黨,但隨著執(zhí)政地位的提升,其對(duì)民眾的影響力越來越深入,對(duì)國際社會(huì)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)必定起到積極作用。拉美左翼運(yùn)動(dòng)中古巴、巴西、智利等國家的共產(chǎn)黨都提出建立本國特色的社會(huì)主義,并在執(zhí)政期間取得可喜的政績,政治民主化和經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)代化都取得了長足進(jìn)步,這些都值得我們?cè)谘芯恐袊厣鐣?huì)主義道路的過程中借鑒學(xué)習(xí),這也正是本文研究的意義所在。
[Abstract]:After the end of the cold war, left-wing parties were hit, the Soviet Union collapsed, left-wing states changed course, and the ideology of the western world expanded globally. South America is a different scene, where the left-wing party has come to power after a brief hibernation, and the left-wing movement is in full swing. These regimes (with the exception of Cuba) came to power in a democratic manner, while most of these left-wing governments tended to adopt pragmatic policies, and there was a high degree of cohesion between these regimes. And under the leadership of former Venezuelan President Hugo Ch 謾 vez, several regional organizations have been formed. It is against this political background that I began to study the issue of Latin American left-wing parties. The rise of left-wing forces in Latin American politics over the past decade or so has been an important political development after the wave of democratization in Latin America. In the post-Chavez period, the Latin American left-wing movement will not stagnate but will face adjustment. But the opposition still faces challenges, and democratic consolidation remains a problem for the ruling party. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the rise of a group of left-wing governments has led to a great reshuffle of Latin American political territory and marked the emergence of a new trend of change. What is the nature of these left-wing parties? Why did they rise on the political stage in Latin America? What changes have been made by the governments they lead? What are the prospects? What is the impact on international politics? This topic attempts to carry on some analysis and discussion around these problems. The main body of this paper is composed of four parts, the first part defines the concept of Latin American left wing, the rise and development of Latin American left-wing party, the second part analyzes the theoretical basis of Latin American left-wing party. Including the classification of left-wing schools in Latin America, the theoretical basis of the left-wing movement in Latin America and the development of left-wing theory in Latin America. The third part analyzes the changes of left-wing parties in Latin America before and after the Cold War. Including the comparison of the political programs of left-wing political parties before and after the Cold War, the comparison of social mobilization methods of left-wing parties and the comparison of political party relations; the fourth part mainly analyzes the challenges of left-wing political parties in Latin America and their influence on international politics. The challenges mainly include the competition of the right-wing forces, the corruption of the ruling party, the interference of the western countries and the lack of the guiding idea of the scientific system of the left-wing party itself. The influence of the left wing is mainly reflected in two aspects: the international political structure and the international socialist movement. In terms of future development, after the United States shifted its strategic focus to the Asia-Pacific region, the left-wing regime in Latin America may win wider international development space and thus continue to promote the trend of regional integration; as far as the international socialist movement is concerned, Although the left-wing political party in Latin America is not a pure Marxist party, with the improvement of its ruling position, its influence on the people is getting deeper and deeper, and it will certainly play a positive role in the international socialist movement. The Communists of Cuba, Brazil, Chile and other Latin American left-wing movements have all proposed building socialism with their own characteristics, and have made gratifying achievements during their ruling period. Political democratization and economic modernization have all made great progress. These are worthy of our study in the process of studying socialism with Chinese characteristics, which is the significance of this study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D773

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 谷宇;;“左翼政黨——國際發(fā)展趨勢(shì)”國際學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)綜述[J];上海行政學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2012年01期

2 鐘和;各國共產(chǎn)黨和左翼政黨對(duì)社會(huì)主義的看法綜述[J];黨政論壇;2001年06期

3 林蔚;歐洲左翼政黨大整合[J];當(dāng)代世界;2004年07期

4 何鵬程;;當(dāng)前拉美左翼政黨的三大特征[J];當(dāng)代世界;2009年09期

5 高錦_";;俄羅斯左翼政黨對(duì)蘇聯(lián)解體觀點(diǎn)探析[J];知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì);2009年15期

6 盧克·馬奇;呂楠;;當(dāng)代歐洲的極左翼政黨:從馬克思主義到主流[J];國外理論動(dòng)態(tài);2009年11期

7 趙剛印;;債務(wù)危機(jī)背景下的歐洲左翼政黨:現(xiàn)實(shí)困境與發(fā)展前景[J];中共天津市委黨校學(xué)報(bào);2013年02期

8 王建禮;;巴西左翼政黨的社會(huì)主義理論研究[J];社會(huì)主義研究;2013年01期

9 王君;;保加利亞左翼政黨執(zhí)政以來國內(nèi)局勢(shì)及發(fā)展前景[J];東歐;1996年04期

10 史志欽;意大利兩大左翼政黨合并[J];國外理論動(dòng)態(tài);1998年05期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前2條

1 劉淑春;;保加利亞左翼政黨現(xiàn)狀——出訪保加利亞的報(bào)告[A];“當(dāng)代世界社會(huì)主義前沿和熱點(diǎn)問題”學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)暨2007年當(dāng)代世界社會(huì)主義專業(yè)委員會(huì)年會(huì)論文集[C];2007年

2 郇慶治;;法國2012年大選中的左翼政黨:一種理論闡釋[A];世界政黨格局變遷與中國政黨制度發(fā)展——中國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線理論研究會(huì)政黨理論北京研究基地論文集（第六輯）[C];2012年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前10條

1 通訊員 聞紅　記者 李亞彬;中國共產(chǎn)黨和歐洲左翼政黨的發(fā)展研討會(huì)舉行[N];光明日?qǐng)?bào);2009年

2 聞牧 中央編譯局世界社會(huì)主義研究所;中國共產(chǎn)黨和歐洲左翼政黨的發(fā)展[N];中國社會(huì)科學(xué)報(bào);2009年

3 上海行政學(xué)院 谷宇;徘徊中探索 挑戰(zhàn)中前進(jìn)[N];社會(huì)科學(xué)報(bào);2012年

4 趙剛印 中共上海市委黨校;歐洲中左翼政黨正面臨代表性危機(jī)[N];中國社會(huì)科學(xué)報(bào);2012年

5 孫勁松;左翼政黨大聯(lián)合后的德國政壇[N];學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)報(bào);2007年

6 本報(bào)專稿 司項(xiàng)宇;法國左翼政黨要造資本主義的反[N];世界報(bào);2009年

7 齊魯師范學(xué)院馬克思主義研究中心 陳海燕;冷戰(zhàn)后世界左翼政黨發(fā)展特點(diǎn)[N];中國社會(huì)科學(xué)報(bào);2013年

8 項(xiàng)佐濤 徐剛 中共中央編譯局博士后科研工作站 北京大學(xué)國際關(guān)系學(xué)院;中東歐左翼政黨衰落了嗎?[N];中國社會(huì)科學(xué)報(bào);2012年

9 早報(bào)記者 張明揚(yáng) 實(shí)習(xí)生 酒衛(wèi)霞;印政府私有化計(jì)劃遇挫[N];東方早報(bào);2005年

10 何鵬程　靳義亭 陳愛茹;左翼政黨的“新社會(huì)主義”思想[N];組織人事報(bào);2009年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 王培杰;冷戰(zhàn)后拉美左翼政黨的新調(diào)整及其對(duì)拉美政治發(fā)展的影響[D];河北師范大學(xué);2009年

2 劉萍;冷戰(zhàn)之后拉美左翼政黨研究[D];西北師范大學(xué);2015年

3 申云蘭;劇變以來匈牙利左翼政黨發(fā)展演變研究[D];山西大學(xué);2007年

4 翟宇婷;波匈捷左翼政黨的社會(huì)政策研究[D];山西大學(xué);2008年

5 李亞軍;巴西左翼政黨的新變化及影響研究[D];云南大學(xué);2015年

，

本文編號(hào)：2043012